Traditionally Used Natural Products in Preventing Ionizing Radiation-Induced Dermatitis: First Review on the Clinical Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faizan Kalekhan ◽  
Avinash K. Kudva ◽  
Shamprasad V. Raghu ◽  
Suresh Rao ◽  
Sanath K. Hegde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Acute Radiation ◽  
Radiation Dermatitis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Curative Radiotherapy

: In the treatment of cancer, the use of ionizing radiation is an important modality. However, on the downside, radiation, when used for curative purposes, causes acute dermatitis or radiodermatitis at the site of radiation in most individuals. From a clinical viewpoint, severe dermatitis causes a burning and itching sensation is very painful, and severely affects the quality of life of the individual undergoing treatment. In worse situations, acute radiation dermatitis can cause gaps or breaks in the planned treatment and this can adversely affect the treatment objective and outcome. Background: In various traditional and folk systems of medicine, plants and plant products have been used since time immemorial for treating various skin ailments. Further, many cosmeceutical creams formulated based on knowledge from ethnomedicinal use are marketed and used to treat various ailments. In the current review, an attempt is made at summarizing the beneficial effects of some plants and plant products in mitigating acute radiation dermatitis in humans undergoing curative radiotherapy. Additionally, the emphasis is also placed on the mechanism/s responsible for the beneficial effects. Objective: The objective of this review is to summarize the clinical observations on the prevention of radiodermatitis by plant products. In this review, the protective effects of Adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L.) bran extract, Aloe vera, Calendula officinalis, Cucumis sativus, green tea constituent the epigallocatechin-3-gallate, honey, Achillea millefolium, Matricaria chamomilla, olive oil and some polyherbal creams are addressed by also addressing on the mechanism of action for the beneficial effects. Methods: Two authors’ data mined for information in Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for publications in the field from 1901 up to July 2020. The focus was on acute radiation dermatitis, ionizing radiation, curative radiotherapy, human cancer. The articles were collected and analyzed. Results: For the first time, this review addresses the usefulness of natural products like adlay bran, Aloe vera, Calendula officinalis, Cucumis sativus, green tea constituent the epigallocatechin-3-gallate, honey, Achillea millefolium, Matricaria chamomilla, olive oil and some experimentally constituted and commercially available polyherbal creams as skincare agents against the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation on the skin. The protective effects are possibly due to the free radical scavenging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing and skin protective effects. Conclusion: The authors suggest that these plants have been used since antiquity as medicinal agents and require in-depth investigation with both clinical and preclinical validated models of study. The results of these studies will be extremely useful to cancer patients requiring curative radiotherapy, the dermatology fraternity, agro-based and pharmaceutical sectors at large.

scholarly journals Stability evaluation of emulsion developed with extracts of Aloe vera (Aloe vera L.), Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.), Camomila (Matricaria chamomilla L.) and Asiatic centella (Centella asiatica L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
J. Kotowy ◽  
F. B. Marcondes ◽  
T. F. B. X. Silva ◽  
N. C. Lubi
Keyword(s):  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Calendula Officinalis L

The emulsions are cosmetic and pharmaceutical forms developed for topical use, ideal for the incorporation of active ingredients such as plant extracts, because of a great affinity with the skin when compared with other formulations. However, they are thermodynamically unstable systems and sometimes the addition of active principles can destabilize the system. The Stability study is a tool for the development of products, because when submitting a formulation to different tests, one can evaluate behaviors that indicate storage conditions or even make commercialization impossible. The study used the glycolic extracts of Aloe vera L. which presents mucílago in its composition, used in cosmetology and treatment of burns, Calendula officinalis L. which possesses cicatrizing and anti-inflammatory property, Matricaria Chamomilla L. which has anti-inflammatory feature and antiseptic, and Centella Asiatica L. which has anti-inflammatory, healing and calming properties. The extracts were incorporated into an emulsion and evaluated separately. The choice of extracts was made at random. After the evaluation of the physical-chemical stability and organoleptic characteristics, which lasted 60 days, it was possible to conclude that the emulsion developed with non-ionic self-emulsifying wax (Polavax) is very unstable when added with the glycolic extracts of Aloe vera L., Calendula officinalis L., Matricaria chamomilla L. and Centella asiatica L., not tolerating large temperature variations with changes in viscosity and pH.

Role of Heart Rate Reduction in the Management of Myocarditis

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Guang-Yi ◽  
Ge Li-Sha ◽  
Li Yue-Chun
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Viral Myocarditis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Heart Rate Reduction ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Biological Technique

The morbidity of myocarditis demonstrates an upward tendency by years, is commonly defined as the inflammation of myocytes and is caused by multiple factors. With the development of the molecular biological technique, great breakthroughs in the diagnosis and understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of myocarditis have recently been achieved. Several questions remain unresolved, however, including standard treatment approaches to myocarditis, which remain controversial and ambiguous. Heart rate, as an independent risk factor, has been shown to be related to cardiac disease. Recent studies also show that the autonomic nervous system is involved in immunomodulatory myocarditis processes. Heart rate reduction treatment is recommended in myocarditis based on a number of animal experiments and clinical trials. It is possible that heart rate-lowering treatments can help to attenuate the inflammatory response and myocyte injury and reverse ventricular remodeling. However, how to execute the protective effects of heart rate reduction on myocarditis is still not clear. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis and pathophysiological process of viral myocarditis and propose heart rate lowering as a therapeutic target for myocarditis, especially in light of the third-generation β-blockade carvedilol and funny channel blocker ivabradine. We also highlight some additional beneficial effects of such heart rate reduction agents, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, anti-nitrosative stress, anti-fibrosis and antiapoptosis properties.

Protective effects of apocynin against ionizing radiation-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yasir Furkan Cagin ◽  
Hakan Parlakpinar ◽  
Nigar Vardi ◽  
Salih Aksanyar
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Strawberry and Achenes Hydroalcoholic Extracts and Their Digested Fractions Efficiently Counteract the AAPH-Induced Oxidative Damage in HepG2 Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2180 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ariza ◽  
Tamara Forbes-Hernández ◽  
Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez ◽  
Sadia Afrin ◽  
Massimiliano Gasparrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Strawberry fruits are highly appreciated by consumers worldwide due to their bright red color, typical aroma, and juicy texture. While the biological activity of the complete fruit has been widely studied, the potential beneficial effects of the achenes (commonly named seeds) remain unknown. In addition, when raw fruit and achenes are consumed, the digestion process could alter the release and absorption of their phytochemical compounds, compromising their bioactivity. In the present work, we evaluated the protective effects against oxidative damage of nondigested and digested extracts from strawberry fruit and achenes in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. For that purpose, cells were treated with different concentration of the extracts prior to incubation with the stressor agent, AAPH (2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride). Subsequently, intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the percentage of live, dead, and apoptotic cells were determined. Our results demonstrated that all the evaluated fractions were able to counteract the AAPH-induced damage, suggesting that the achenes also present biological activity. The positive effects of both the raw fruit and achenes were maintained after the in vitro digestion process.

scholarly journals Implications for Degenerative Disorders: Antioxidative Activity, Total Phenols, Flavonoids, Ascorbic Acid, β-Carotene and β-Tocopherol inAloe vera

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurten Ozsoy ◽  
Eda Candoken ◽  
Nuriye Akev
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Phosphatidylcholine Liposome ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Β Carotene

In order to demonstrate whether the known biological effects ofAloe vera(L.) Burm. fil. could correlate with the antioxidant activity of the plant, the antioxidant activity of the aqueous leaf extract was investigated. The present study demonstrated that the aqueous extract fromA. veraleaves contained naturally occuring antioxidant components, including total phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, β-carotene and α-tocopherol. The extract exhibited inhibitory capacity against Fe3+/ascorbic acid induced phosphatidylcholine liposome oxidation, scavenged stable DPPH•, ABTS•+and superoxide anion radicals, and acted as reductant. In contrast, the leaf inner gel did not show any antioxidant activity. It was concluded that the known beneficial effects ofAloe veracould be attributed to its antioxidant activity and could be related to the presence of phenolic compounds and antioxidant vitamins.

Abstract 119: Protective Effects of Chloroquine on Ischemic and Nutrient Depleted Muscle are Mediated by HMGB1 and Caspase-1

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulka Sachdev ◽  
Xiangdong Cui ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
Edith Tzeng ◽  
Alex Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Ldh Activity

Introduction: Millions of Americans are at risk for amputation from severe peripheral arterial disease (PAD) when surgery is not possible. Pro-regenerative and angiogenic agents may improve outcome in that setting. Chloroquine (CQ) promotes wound healing in scleroderma but has not been tested in PAD. CQ promotes healing of ischemic muscle, increases muscle high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an inflammatory, pro-angiogenic protein, and activates caspase-1 in myoblasts. We hypothesize that HMGB1 mediates protective effects of CQ and is regulated by caspase-1 in muscle. Controlled rather than indiscriminate release of HMGB1 from damaged muscle may be protective during ischemia. Methods: C2C12 myoblasts in low serum were treated with CQ (0-50μM) ± Ac-YVAD-cmk (10 μg/ml), a caspase-1 inhibitor. HMGB1 release in supernatants was measured using ELISA. Cytotoxicity was assessed by comparing spontaneous lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in culture media from control, treated and maximally lysed cells. CQ (50μg/ml) or placebo treated wild-type and inducible HMGB1 knockout (iHMGB1KO) mice underwent unilateral femoral artery ligation (FAL). Laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) before and 1,7,14 and 21d after FAL was reported as % improvement over time. ANOVA was used to assess statistical significance among groups. Results: CQ (5-10uM) attenuated spontaneous LDH leak after 12h from serum-depleted myoblasts (p <0.01, N=3), and modestly increased HMGB1 release (p <0.001, N=3). Ac-YVAD-cmk reversed the cytoprotective effects of CQ, significantly raising both LDH activity to 55% of maximal activity and HMGB1 in the supernatant. Compared to d1 post FAL, CQ improved perfusion recovery in WT mice by 300-800% over 21 days (p<0.03, N=7/group), but not in iHMGB1KO mice. Conclusion: We present the novel finding that in nutrient-depleted myoblasts, caspase-1 mediates the survival benefits of CQ and regulates HMGB1 release. In turn, HMGB1 is critical for CQ’s beneficial effects on perfusion after FAL, another stress condition. Regulated HMGB1 release may be immunomodulatory, regenerative and modifiable with drugs like CQ. Altering survival and inflammatory pathways through CQ may present a novel therapeutic strategy in PAD.

Resveratrol and cardiac fibrosis prevention and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parinaz Zivarpour ◽  
Željko Reiner ◽  
Jamal Hallajzadeh ◽  
Liaosadat Mirsafaei
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Laboratory Models

: Cardiovascular diseases are some of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developed or developing countries but in developed countries as well. Cardiac fibrosis is one of the most often pathological changes of heart tissues. It occurs as a result of extracellular matrix proteins accumulation at myocardia. Cardiac fibrosis results in impaired cardiac systolic and diastolic functions and is associated with other effects. Therapies with medicines have not been sufficiently successful in treating chronic diseases such as CVD. Therefore, the interest for therapeutic potential of natural compounds and medicinal plants has increased. Plants such as grapes, berries and peanuts contain a polyphenolic compound called "resveratrol" which has been reported to have various therapeutic properties for a variety of diseases. Studies on laboratory models that show that resveratrol has beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction, high blood pressure cardiomyopathy, thrombosis, cardiac fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. In vitro animal models using resveratrol indicated protective effects on the heart by neutralizing reactive oxygen species, preventing inflammation, increasing neoangiogenesis, dilating blood vessels, suppressing apoptosis and delaying atherosclerosis. In this review, we are presenting experimental and clinical results of studies concerning resveratrol effects on cardiac fibrosis as a CVD outcome in humans.

scholarly journals Salvia Officinalis Protects Pancreatic Beta-cells Against Streptozotocin-Induced Damage; A Stereological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Ashkani-Esfahani ◽  
Ali Noorafshan ◽  
Alireza Ebrahimi ◽  
Maryam Bahmani-Jahromi ◽  
Mohammad-Hossein Imanieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Injury ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease, progressing due to inadequate secretion of insulin by pancreas. Salvia officinalis (SVO) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative potentials, which may be beneficial in regulating underlying causes of DM. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to estimate the protective effects of SVO against Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreatic injury in rat models of DM. Methods: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12); C1: normal group with no treatment, C2: diabetic group with no treatment, E1: diabetic group treated with 200 mg/kg of the SVO extract, and E2: diabetic group treated with 400 mg/kg of the SVO extract. All groups received a single dose of STZ on day 7 except C1. Pancreas volume, shrinkage, volume densities of the islets, numerical densities, and volume of the beta cells were measured using stereological methods. Results: Blood sugar (BS) levels were significantly lower in SVO-treated groups comparing to C2 group. Also, volume densities and total number of islets and beta cells in E1 and E2 groups were higher than C2 (P < 0.05), but lower than C1 (P < 0.05). Volume densities of the islets and beta cells, and total number of beta cells in E1, and volume densities of the islets and beta cells in E2 groups were considerably higher than C2 group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our result showed the beneficial effects of SVO extract regarding pancreatic damage. We concluded that SVO might be prescribed as a therapeutic food supplement for patients with diabetes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document