Performance of Natural Coagulants on Greywater Treatment

Background: Reusing waste water by appropriate treatment is an effective method for substantiating the ever increasing water demand for construction, irrigation, domestic and industrial purposes. The greywater is the domestic waste water that does not contain the toilet effluent and it is converted and used for non-potable purpose through coagulation and flocculation by using natural coagulant. Objective: The main objective of this work is to evaluate the coagulating efficiencies of various natural coagulants on synthetic greywater by varying pH, mixing speed, mixing time and coagulant dosage. Methods: Powdered coagulants obtained from tamarind seeds, moringa oleifera, banana peels and fly ash were compared with conventional commercial coagulants like alum for synthetic and real greywater. Results: The natural coagulants have shown significant performance compared to chemicals like alum. Conclusion: The turbidity removal efficiency for tamarind seeds, moringa oleifera, banana peels and fly ash were found to be 61.33%, 85.75%, 90.42%, 94.27% against 96.49% obtained from alum on treating with synthetic grey water under identical conditions.

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Utilization of Moringa oleifera as Natural Coagulant for Water Purification

Industrial and Domestic Waste Management ◽

10.53623/idwm.v1i1.41 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Meng Hong Ng ◽

Mohamed Soliman Elshikh

Keyword(s):

Contact Time ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Natural Coagulant ◽

Water Treatment Process ◽

Coagulation And Flocculation ◽

Natural Coagulants ◽

Moringa Oleifera Seed

The plant-based natural coagulant has the potential to substitute the chemical coagulant in the water treatment process. In this work, the potential of plant-based natural coagulants in the ability of turbidity removal was identified. The Moringa oleifera seed was selected for the batch analysis test such as pH, contact time, agitation, and dosage. The high alkaline water decreases the effectiveness of plant-based natural coagulants. The agitation and contact time show the importance of the coagulation process. The optimum turbidity removal rate in pH is 4, the contact time is 60 seconds and 3000 seconds for coagulation and flocculation, respectively, the agitation is 300 RPM and 30 RPM for coagulation and flocculation, and lastly, the dosage is 10 g of Moringa oleifera seed. Finally, the plant-based natural coagulants demonstrated the ability to remove turbidity and could be used in place of chemical coagulants.

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Fish Farm Wastewater Treatment using Moringa oleifera Seed Powder as Natural Coagulant

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/945/1/012070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 945 (1) ◽

pp. 012070

Author(s):

Cheah Yi Tong ◽

Fakhira Huda Binti Che Yusuf ◽

CJC Derek

Keyword(s):

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Mixing Time ◽

Settling Time ◽

Fish Farm ◽

Control Group ◽

Surface Model ◽

Ammonia Content ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Coagulant Dosage ◽

Farm Wastewater

Abstract In view of the huge amount of wastewater being generated from the aquaculture sector in Malaysia, Moringa oleifera seed powder was utilized as effective bio-coagulant to minimize the deterioration of fish farm wastewater quality. In this study, optimization of a coagulation-flocculation process was examined through response surface model toolkit established on a central composite design. A quadratic polynomial model was eventually selected to fit its turbidity removal response. The effect of four crucial parameters, namely pH, coagulant dosage, mixing time and settling time was optimized at pH 10, 400 mg/L coagulant dosage, 15 minutes mixing time and 10 minutes settling time for M. oleifera seed extract at a 47.11% turbidity removal efficiency. M. oleifera seed powder substantially removed (>30%) the concentration of total suspended solids, ammonia content, total volatile solids, and phosphate content as compared with the control group without any coagulant addition.

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Competence of blended coagulants for surface water treatment

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-019-1108-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vara Saritha ◽

Manoj Kumar Karnena ◽

Bhavya Kavitha Dwarapureddi

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Physicochemical Parameters ◽

Test Apparatus ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Floc Size ◽

Surface Water Treatment ◽

Jar Test ◽

Coagulation And Flocculation ◽

Natural Coagulants ◽

Surface Water Samples

AbstractOwing to the advantages of the natural coagulants under study, the present objective is to study the efficiency of blended coagulants: alum and chitin; alum and sago; and alum + chitin + sago. In this attempt, we have reduced the quantity of alum dose and added increasing quantities of the natural coagulants. The surface water samples collected from nearby sources were analyzed for the following parameters pre- and post-treatment with the coagulants. Coagulation and flocculation experiments were carried out using conventional jar test apparatus. Turbidity removal was observed to be nearly 99.29% at all pH ranges and doses. Removal of conductivity, solids and hardness was 58.83%, 32.03% and 33.33%, respectively. From the results obtained, it can be observed that the efficiency of blended coagulants in removal of various physicochemical parameters from the waters was better when compared to individual coagulants. The floc size in blend coagulants was larger than that of single coagulants. The data obtained in this study indicated the coagulation efficiency could be enhanced by using the blend coagulant.

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Biocoagulation Efficiency of Corchorus olitorius L. (Jute) Seed Powder in Water Purification

Advances in Science and Technology ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.107.37 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 107 ◽

pp. 37-48

Author(s):

Sabo Bala ◽

Donatus B. Adie

Keyword(s):

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Bacterial Count ◽

World Health ◽

Corchorus Olitorius ◽

Colour Removal ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Jar Test ◽

Coagulant Dosage ◽

Chemical Analysis Result ◽

Health Organization

The research is aimed at exploring the potential of using Corchorus olitorius (Jute) seed extracts as natural coagulant for turbidity removal from water. Laboratory scale studies using jar test experiments were performed on medium turbid water to study the influence of various process parameters such as Coagulant dosage, p H, Turbidity, Colour, Hardness, Alkalinity and Bacterial count and the optimum condition for maximum Turbidity removal was identified. Results obtained showed that at 75mg/L optimal removal of turbidity was achieved. Jute seed extract was also able to maintain the p H of treated water at 7.02 with the 75mg/L dosage. However, the reduction in turbidity was below the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended value of 5NTU. The best colour removal was also not up to the WHO’s recommended value of 40TCU. The chemical analysis result showed that Jute seed powder contained 20.90% protein. When jute was used in combination with Moringa oleifera there was significant reduction in turbidity and bacterial count. At 20% jute and 80% Moringa oleifera, best colour removal, turbidity and bacterial count were obtained. Key words-Biocoagulation, Corchorus olitorius, Bacterial count, Jar test

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Turbid Water Treatment Using Deshelled Carica papaya Seed: Analysis Via Factorial Design

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac126.77877795 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 7787-7795

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Turbid Water ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Coagulant Dosage ◽

Natural Coagulants ◽

Operational Factors ◽

Papaya Seeds ◽

Carica Papaya Seed ◽

Papaya Seed

Natural coagulants are proven to be a good alternative to conventional coagulants with the removal of various pollutants and are environmentally friendly. Despite its advantages, the least studies were carried out on local agro-wastes such as papaya seeds as natural coagulants concerning different operational factors. The study analyzes the main and interactions effect between the coagulant dosage, initial turbidity, and pH on deshelled Carica papaya seeds for turbid water treatment. A 2-level factorial design was used to investigate the main and interaction effects of the main operational factors, viz. coagulant dosage (50-200 mg/L), pH (3-7), and initial turbidity (100-500 NTU) on the turbidity removal of the synthetic turbid water. Based on individual performance, the results suggested that initial turbidity and pH are the most significant factors among the investigated operational factors. In combination, all interactions are significant, but the interaction between initial turbidity and pH is most significant, with 97.2% turbidity removal. Upon application of Carica papaya seed as a natural coagulant in water and wastewater treatment, these operating variables and their interactions are best to be considered.

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Potential of Hibiscus Sabdariffa and Jatropha Curcas as Natural Coagulants in the Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201815201009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 152 ◽

pp. 01009 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sheena Sibartie ◽

Nurhazwani Ismail

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Demand ◽

Pharmaceutical Wastewater ◽

High Concentration ◽

Safe Alternative ◽

Turbidity Removal ◽

Jar Test ◽

Coagulant Dosage ◽

Natural Coagulants ◽

High Turbidity ◽

Maximum Turbidity

Pharmaceutical wastewater is one of the most difficult wastewater to treat due to the presence of pharmaceutical compounds resulting in high concentration of organic matter, high turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Chemical-based coagulation is a common method used to treat wastewater. However, the issue that has been raised with the use of chemical coagulants is their presence in water after treatment that can cause risks to the human health such as Alzheimer and cancer. Natural coagulants can be used as a safe alternative to these chemicals instead. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to study the effect of H. Sabdariffa and J. Curcas as natural coagulants, separately and as a combination, on the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. Jar test experiment were carried out where beakers of 0.5L wastewater were mixed with the coagulants. The pH of the wastewater was varied from 2 to 12 while the coagulant dosage was varied from 40 to 200 mg/L. It was found that H. Sabdariffa works best at pH 4 and at a coagulant dosage of 190 mg/L with a highest turbidity removal of 35.8% and a decrease of COD by 29%. J. Curcas was found to perform best at pH 3 and with a coagulant dosage of 200 mg/L with a highest turbidity removal of 51% and a decrease of COD by 32%. When J. Curcas and H. Sabdariffa were used in combination, the optimum composition was found to be 80% J. Curcas and 20% H. Sabdariffa by weight with a maximum turbidity removal of 46.8% and a decrease in COD by 46%. In comparison between the two natural coagulants, J. Curcas is found to be a better and more suited coagulative agent for the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. The same experiment was carried with alum at pH 6 and coagulant dosage of 750 mg/L and a turbidity removal of 48% and a decrease in COD by 38% were recorded. In comparison with alum, J. Curcas was a better coagulant in treating the pharmaceutical wastewater. This shows that natural coagulants can be used to replace chemical coagulants in the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater.

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Performance Evaluation of Phosphorous Removal by Coagulation using Natural Coagulants

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.b1025.1292s219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2S2) ◽

pp. 106-109

Keyword(s):

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Natural Waters ◽

Mixing Time ◽

Settling Time ◽

Calotropis Procera ◽

Phosphorous Removal ◽

Coagulation And Flocculation ◽

Natural Coagulants ◽

Hyacinth Bean ◽

Banana Leaves

Phosphorous is one of the major nutrients contributing the increased eutrophication of lakes and natural waters. The concentration of phosphorus in domestic sewage is generally adequate to support aerobic biological wastewater treatment. Coagulation and flocculation processes can also to remove phosphorous from industrial wastewater.In this experimental study, an attempt is made to feasibility of natural coagulants like Cassia Alata, Calotropis Procera, Hyacinth bean, Banana leaves, Carcia Papaya, Acacia mearnsii, Jatropha Curcas, Cactus and Tamarind seeds on the decrease of Phosphorous from Industrial wastewater. The batch coagulation test was done to optimum graph was plotted between the removal efficiency all the chose coagulated. From the optimum trails, that the rate of phosphorous removal is more for hyacinth bean with a level of 75, trailed by casuarinas leaves with 74% and Banana leaves with 73%. Tamarind seed demonstrates the least Phosphorous expulsion from the wastewater with 56%. From the optimum trails, the Hyacinth bean can be utilized as a successful coagulant for the expulsion of phosphorus from the wastewater. In the optimum trails coagulation studies were carried out to investigate the factor like optimum dosage, pH, initial concentration of Phosphorous, Mixing time and the settling time which influences the removal of phosphorous by coagulation process. From the study, it might be inferred that the maximum percentage removal of phosphorous was acquired for the coagulant measurement of, pH of 8, the initial phosphorous concentration of, mixing time of and settling time of 45 minutes. It might be presumed that the Phosphorous removal from the industrial wastewater of 95% was conceivable when we kept up the optimum condition by the coagulation procedure..

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