Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Chalcone Derivatives as Chemosensors for Cyanide Anions

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankush Gupta ◽  
Akshay Kumar ◽  
Nidhi Choudhary ◽  
Bharti Gupta ◽  
Harminder Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Conjugation System ◽  
Chalcone Derivatives ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Interfering Ions

Research Background: The extreme toxicity of cyanide ions to living organisms encourages the researcher to develop new chemosensors for their sensitive and selective detection. Among various classes of chemosensors, chalcones are believed to be a promising candidate for designing new chemosensors for anions due to easy modification in its skeleton and conjugation system. Research Gap and Problem Statement: Despite having various medical applications and properties, the recognition ability of chalcone derivatives is not widely explored. The traditional methods known for the sensing of cyanide ions are ion chromatography or cyanide selective electrodes. However, these methods need skilled operators and are found to be expensive and time-consuming. Also, the available methods for detection of cyanide ions are not suitable for on-site monitoring and show interference from other competitive anions such as fluoride, acetate, and hydroxide ions. Hence, this encouraged us to explore the chalcone derivatives as chemical sensors that are capable of detecting the cyanide ions in presence of competitive anions such as fluoride, acetate, and hydroxide ions. Objectives of the study: The development of new chalcone analogs (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6), which are particularly important for the future development of chemosensors for the detection of cyanide ions in presence of various interfering ions such as fluoride, acetate, and hydroxide ions. Methods: The sensing behavior of chalcone derivatives (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6) have been investigated toward various anions (CN-, F-, Cl-, Br-, NO3-, SO42-, PO42-, OH-, OAc-) using UV-vis spectroscopy. Interestingly, among various anions tested, derivatives (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6) function as highly selective chemosensors for the detection of cyanide ions. Results: We have synthesized two chalcone based derivatives (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6) with simple condensation reaction for the detection of cyanide ions. The various results indicated the quick response of (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6) toward cyanide anions. These two chalcone derivatives (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6) showed not only spectral change with selectivity but also showed sensitivity for the detection of cyanide anions. The developed chalcone derivatives (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6) detect cyanide ions in presence of various interfering ions such as fluoride, acetate, and hydroxide ions. The chemosensors (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6) for the detection of cyanide ions are particularly smart due to their real-time analysis, simplicity, and low cost in comparison to other closely related processes such as fluorescence. Conclusion: The sensitivity studies show the high reactivity of derivative 1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) as compared to (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6). The detection limit for derivatives (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6) was 1.2 µM and 300 µM, respectively. The results of (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (3) and (E)-3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (6) for cyanide detection were satisfying and suggesting their potential application for cyanide detection. Future direction: Further research of this field is to develop water soluble chalcone based probes, which show emission in the Near Infra-Red (NIR) region to provide favorable conditions for biological applications.

Synthesis and Property of Water-Soluble Hyperbranched Polyacrylate Emulsion

2012 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 460-463
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Xiu Lan Xin ◽  
Ya Na Wei ◽  
Hong Qin Liu ◽  
Shao Xiang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hyperbranched Polymer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Smooth Film ◽  
Type Water

Hyperbranched polymer is a kind of non-linear polymers with highly branched structure and a lot of terminal groups. It has many advantages, such as high reactivity, good solubility and low viscosity. Hyperbranched polymer has become a focus in modern scientific domain. In this paper, polyester-type water-soluble hyperbranched monomer is prepared by the ring-opening polymerization reaction of maleic anhydride with polyol. Hyperbranched polyacrylate emulsion with 70-110nm was synthesized by emulsion polymerization using methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), acrylic acid (AA) and hyperbranched polymer as comonomer. The effects of dosages and adding order of monomers, concentration of initator, type and amount of chain transfer agent on the polymerization are discussed. The as-prepared emusions were analyzed by FTIR, DSC, SEM. The solid content, particle size, stability of emulsion and morphology and water absorption of film were measured. The results showed that hyperbranched polyacrylate emulsion had low viscosity, high stability and can form very flat and smooth film. Hyperbranched polyacrylate emulsion can be widely applied in modern ink industry for its low cost,simple process and stable quality.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic Evaluation of Chalcone Derivatives and their Zinc Metal Complexes: A Combined Experimental and Computational Approach on the Binding of the Complexes with the Serum Albumin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manos C. Vlasiou
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Dft Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Chalcone Derivatives ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies

Abstract Three chalcone derivatives (L1, L2, L3) were synthesized using Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. Their molecular structures and spectroscopic properties (IR, UV-vis, 1HNMR), were calculated at B3LYP level. Electrostatic interactions and HOMO-LUMO properties were calculated using TD-DFT method. Molecular docking was used to compare the HSA (human serum albumin) interactions with the ligands and their Zn complexes (C1, C2, C3) which were synthesized by interaction between the ligands and the Zn (II) ion in a 2:1 M ratio. Elemental analysis, FT-IR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy studies investigated the structure of the synthesized complexes. UV–Vis, molecular docking and molecular dynamics were used to study the interactions of the Zn complexes with the BSA (bovine serum albumin). The biological activity of the Zn-Chalcone complexes was generally higher than the chalcones when evaluated spectroscopically and theoretically.

Chalcones: As potent α-amylase enzyme inhibitors; synthesis, in vitro, and in silico studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboob Ali ◽  
Momin Khan ◽  
Khair Zaman ◽  
Abdul Wadood ◽  
Maryam Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Chalcone Derivatives ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Wide Range

: Background: The inhibition of α-amylase enzyme is one of the best therapeutic approach for the management of type II diabetes mellitus. Chalcone possesses a wide range of biological activities. Objective: In the current study chalcone derivatives (1-17) were synthesized and evaluated their inhibitory potential against α-amylase enzyme. Method: For that purpose, a library of substituted (E)-1-(naphthalene-2-yl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ones was synthesized by ClaisenSchmidt condensation reaction of 2-acetonaphthanone and substituted aryl benzaldehyde in the presence of base and characterized via different spectroscopic techniques such as EI-MS, HREI-MS, 1H-, and 13C-NMR. Results: Sixteen synthetic chalcones were evaluated for in vitro porcine pancreatic α-amylase inhibition. All the chalcones demonstrated good inhibitory activities in the range of IC50 = 1.25 ± 1.05 to 2.40 ± 0.09 μM as compared to the standard commercial drug acarbose (IC50 = 1.34 ± 0.3 μM). Conclusion: Chalcone derivatives (1-17) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their α-amylase inhibition. SAR revealed that electron donating groups in the phenyl ring have more influence on enzyme inhibition. However, to insight the participation of different substituents in the chalcones on the binding interactions with the α-amylase enzyme, in silico (computer simulation) molecular modeling analyses were carried out.

scholarly journals One-Pot Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Water-Soluble Pyran-2,4,5-triol Glucose Amine Schiff Base Derivative: XRD/HSA Interactions, Crystal Structure, Spectral, Thermal and a DFT/TD-DFT

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Yousef Hijji ◽  
Rajeesha Rajan ◽  
Hamdi Ben Yahia ◽  
Said Mansour ◽  
Abdelkader Zarrouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Td Dft

The(3R,4R,6R)-3-(((E)-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,4,5-triol water-soluble Glucose amine Schiff base (GASB-1) product was made available by condensation of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde with (3R,6R)-3-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)-tetra-hydro-2H-pyran-2,4,5-triol under mono-mode microwave heating. A one-pot 5-minute microwave-assisted reaction was required to complete the condensation reaction with 90% yield and without having byproducts. The 3D structure of GASB-1 was solved from single crystal X-ray diffraction data and computed by DFT/6-311G(d,p). The Hirshfeld surface analysis (HSA), molecular electronic potential (MEP), Mulliken atomic charge (MAC), and natural population analysis (NPA) were performed. The IR and UV-Vis spectra were matched to their density functional theory (DFT) relatives and the thermal behavior was resolved in an open-room condition via thermogravimetry/Derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO), density of state (DOS), and time-dependence TD-DFT computations were correlated to the experimental electron transfer in water and acrylonitrile solvents.

scholarly journals Lifetime of electrochromic optical transition cycling of ethyl viologen diperchlorate-based electrochromic devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan G. Kiefer ◽  
Christian J. Robert ◽  
Taylor D. Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Optical Transition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Electrochromic Devices ◽  
Metal Oxide Films ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Multiple Devices ◽  
Measurement Devices

AbstractElectrochromic materials and devices are enabling a variety of advanced technologies. Gel-based organic electrochromic molecules such as ethyl viologen diperchlorate are attractive options due to their simple device design and low cost processing options relative to the more expensive and complex transition metal oxide films. However, electrochromic devices are subject to extensive cycling in which failure and fatigue can eventually occur. This work presents the lifetime cycling performance of ethyl viologen diperchlorate-based electrochromic devices using two different anodic compounds, hydroquinone and ferrocene, which are cycled at different voltages, 3 V and 1.2 V, respectively. Multiple devices are cycled until failure with periodic device characterization via UV–Vis spectroscopy, electrical resistance and power measurement, and transition duration measurement. Devices with hydroquinone can transition quickly. Cycle times are $$\sim$$ ∼ 30 s in these samples, however, these samples also typically fail before 3000 cycles. On the other hand, devices using ferrocene transition more slowly (total cycle time $$\sim$$ ∼ 2 min), but have superior cycling performance with all samples surviving beyond 10,000 cycles while complying with ASTM E2141-14 standard.

scholarly journals UV-A Treatment of ZrO2 Thin Films Fabricated by Environmental Friendlier Water-Based Solution Processing: Structural and Optical Studies

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Aneeqa Bashir ◽  
Mehwish Farooq ◽  
Abdul Malik ◽  
Shahzad Naseem ◽  
Arshad Saleem Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Annealed Film ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Solution Processing ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Free Films ◽  
Quartz Substrates

An environmentally friendlier solution processing has been introduced to fabricate zirconium oxide (ZrO2) films on quartz substrates, using spin coating of simple water-based solution. The films cured with UV-A = 330 nm for different times (40, 80, 120 min) were investigated for structural and optical properties and compared with thermally annealed film (at 350 °C). XRD and Raman spectroscopy showed amorphous structure in all the samples with no significant phase transformation with UV-A exposure. AFM microscopy showed smooth and crack free films with surface roughness ≤2 nm that reduced with UV-A exposure. Ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy demonstrated optical transmittance ≥88% and energy band gap variations as 4.52–4.70 eV. Optical constants were found from spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). The refractive index (n) values, measured at 470 nm increased from 1.73 to 2.74 as the UV-A exposure prolonged indicating densification and decreasing porosity of the films. The extinction coefficient k decreased from 0.32 to 0.19 indicating reduced optical losses in the films under the UV-A exposure. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra exhibited more pronounced UV emissions which grew intense with UV-A exposure thereby improving the film quality. It is concluded that UV-A irradiation can significantly enhance the optical properties of ZrO2 films with minimal changes induced in the structure as compared to thermally treated film. Moreover, the present work indicates that water-based solution processing has the potential to produce high-quality ZrO2 films for low cost and environmental friendlier technologies. The work also highlights the use of UV-A radiations as an alternate to high temperature thermal annealing for improved quality.

scholarly journals A Review on Coordination Properties of Al(III) and Fe(III) toward Natural Antioxidant Molecules: Experimental and Theoretical Insights

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2603
Author(s):  
Luana Malacaria ◽  
Giuseppina Anna Corrente ◽  
Amerigo Beneduci ◽  
Emilia Furia ◽  
Tiziana Marino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Natural Antioxidant ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Coordination Properties ◽  
Soluble Molecule ◽  
Living Organisms

This review focuses on the ability of some natural antioxidant molecules (i.e., hydroxycinnamic acids, coumarin-3-carboxylic acid, quercetin, luteolin and curcumin) to form Al(III)- and Fe(III)-complexes with the aim of evaluating the coordination properties from a combined experimental and theoretical point of view. Despite the contributions of previous studies on the chemical properties and biological activity of these metal complexes involving such natural antioxidants, further detailed relationships between the structure and properties are still required. In this context, the investigation on the coordination properties of Al(III) and Fe(III) toward these natural antioxidant molecules might deserve high interest to design water soluble molecule-based metal carriers that can improve the metal’s intake and/or its removal in living organisms.

scholarly journals Effects of corn steep liquor on β-poly(l-malic acid) production in Aureobasidium melanogenum

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Genan Wang ◽  
Bingyi Shi ◽  
Pan Zhang ◽  
Tingbin Zhao ◽  
Haisong Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
The Tca Cycle ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Aureobasidium Melanogenum

Abstractβ-poly(l-malic acid) (PMLA) is a water-soluble biopolymer used in medicine, food, and other industries. However, the low level of PMLA biosynthesis in microorganisms limits its further application in the biotechnological industry. In this study, corn steep liquor (CSL), which processes high nutritional value and low-cost characteristics, was selected as a growth factor to increase the PMLA production in strain, Aureobasidium melanogenum, and its metabolomics change under the CSL addition was investigated. The results indicated that, with 3 g/L CSL, PMLA production, cell growth, and yield (Yp/x) were increased by 32.76%, 41.82%, and 47.43%, respectively. The intracellular metabolites of A. melanogenum, such as amino acids, organic acids, and key intermediates in the TCA cycle, increased after the addition of CSL, and the enrichment analysis showed that tyrosine may play a major role in the PMLA biosynthesis. The results presented in this study demonstrated that the addition of CSL would be an efficient approach to improve PMLA production.

Synthesis, Characterization, Applications, and Toxicity of Green Synthesized Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Marcos Pereira Galúcio ◽  
Sorrel Godinho Barbosa de Souza ◽  
Arthur Abinader Vasconcelos ◽  
Alan Kelbis Oliveira Lima ◽  
Kauê Santana da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Harmful Effects

: Nanotechnology is a cutting-edge area with numerous industrial applications. Nanoparticles are structures that have dimensions ranging from 1–100 nm which exhibit significantly different mechanical, optical, electrical, and chemical properties when compared with their larger counterparts. Synthetic routes that use natural sources, such as plant extracts, honey, and microorganisms are environmentally friendly and low-cost methods that can be used to obtain nanoparticles. These methods of synthesis generate products that are more stable and less toxic than those obtained using conventional methods. Nanoparticles formed by titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silver, gold, and copper, as well as cellulose nanocrystals are among the nanostructures obtained by green synthesis that have shown interesting applications in several technological industries. Several analytical techniques have also been used to analyze the size, morphology, hydrodynamics, diameter, and chemical functional groups involved in the stabilization of the nanoparticles as well as to quantify and evaluate their formation. Despite their pharmaceutical, biotechnological, cosmetic, and food applications, studies have detected their harmful effects on human health and the environment; and thus, caution must be taken in uses involving living organisms. The present review aims to present an overview of the applications, the structural properties, and the green synthesis methods that are used to obtain nanoparticles, and special attention is given to those obtained from metal ions. The review also presents the analytical methods used to analyze, quantify, and characterize these nanostructures.

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