Symptoms, transmission, prevention and treatment of pandemic corona virus: A review

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinsae Kebede ◽  
Dharmendra Kumar ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Great Level ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Extensive Range ◽  
Transmission Prevention ◽  
Systemic Infections ◽  
Corona Viruses

: Corona viruses belong to the largest group of viruses that elicits acute respiratory, enteric and systemic infections in an extensive range of hosts. A few corona viruses from animals can progress into a new human corona virus that can spread from person to person. On February 12, 2020, WHO officially termed the disease as Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and declared as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 is a new emerging viral disease that has an effect on lower respiratory tract and shows as pneumonia. Although laborious worldwide lockdown and quarantine efforts, the occurrence of COVID-19 continues to increase. Proper and well-designed strategies are needed to reduce social and economic consequences arisen due to this pandemic disease. Presently, there is no effective specific vaccine and anti-viral drug supported by great-level confirmation, but dexamethasone is approved in UK for treatment of critically ill COVID-19 patients (patients on ventilators and patients requiring only oxygen) on June 16, 2020. Further research is required to clarify the factors that affect virus pathogenesis and lethal infections.

UPDATE ON CARDIOVASCULAR IMPLICATIONS OF COVID 19

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar Radhakrishnan ◽  
Gayathri Ananyajyothi Ambat ◽  
Roshini Ambat ◽  
Syed Ilas Basha ◽  
Hema Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Acute Myocardial Injury ◽  
Exercise Induced

On March 11 2020 WHO declares corona viral disease as a global pandemic .COVID 19 pandemic has taken the world by storm and many countries like India is now experiencing a second surge due to mutant strains. Global health emergency has been precipitated by this corona virus disease caused by SARS CoV2.Acute and intermediate effects on cardiovascular system are becoming obvious with progression of time. SARS-CoV-2-related endothelial dysfunction results in an augmented risk for venous thromboembolism, systemic vasculitis, endothelial cell apoptosis, and inammation in various organs. Acute infections have troponin elevation more due to indirect cardiac damage though denite patterns of direct damage do exist. Intermediate evaluation in patients with resolved infections shows increased incidence of exercise induced arrhythmias and residual cardiovascular symptoms. The virus with its zoonotic origin based upon its genomic identity to bat derived SARS corona virus has a human to human transmission mode.ACE 2 receptors facilitate cellular entry and has been implicated in direct and indirect myocardial damage. Myocarditis, acute myocardial injury, arrhythmias and thromboembolism dominates the clinical picture. Role of imaging must be dened in relation to relevant clinical ndings. With arrival of vaccine and widespread vaccination global programs, we can look forward to understanding and managing long term complications of this disease. Prognostic implications of a resolved disease need to be evaluated by future studies.

scholarly journals Pathophysiology of COVID-19 and its potential therapeutics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Alam Khan ◽  
Nazeem Ishrat Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

A series of acute and atypical serious respiratory illnesses were reported in December 2019 from Wuhan, a city of China. It spread to other places and became a global pandemic involving more than 200 countries of the world. Soon, it was discovered that this atypical respiratory illness was caused by a novel corona virus. It was named as the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease caused by it as corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19). Since COVID-19 is a new viral disease, world is still struggling to find out a permanent remedy to control this serious health problem. It seems prudent to study or have a look on the pathophysiology of SARS CoV-2 in the light of available research. Further, a review on pathophysiology may give an insight on the potential therapeutic options. Being a new virus and having potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality in short span of time various approved drugs are being repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Novel Remedial Approaches Against Virulent Corona Viruses

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Group I ◽  
The World ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Corona Viruses

Novel Corona virus disease (COVID-19) was first identified in China, which eventually became a major global health concern due to its pathogenicity and widespread distribution around the world. In the mid-sixties of the previous century, the first two human Corona viruses (HCoV) were identified: HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43. These two human Corona viruses were studied extensively from approximately 1965 to the mid-1980s. HCoV-229E is a member of the group I Corona viruses, and HCoV-OC43 is a member of group II. 1Besides the human Corona viruses, there are several group I and group II animal corona viruses that infect cattle, pigs, cats, dogs, mice, and other animals. There is one additional branch, the group III Corona viruses, which are found exclusively in birds. By infecting healthy volunteers, researchers learned that infection with HCoV-229E or HCoV-OC43 results in a common cold, and since then, HCoVs have been considered to be relatively harmless respiratory pathogens. This image was roughly disturbed when severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV was introduced into the human population in the winter of 2002 to 2003 in China. SARS-CoV causes a severe respiratory illness with high morbidity and mortality. Currently, the Novel Corona Virus disease COVID 19 spreads around the world, killing people and turning them into corpses. The best way to do this in India, that is what it is there are many types of alkaloids in our Indian Medicinal Plants, which kill the virus of any kind and dispose of it. The alkaloids – Piperine, Curcumin, Allicin, Alliin, Allylsulfide, Allyldisulfide, Citric Acid, Acorbic Acid, Menthol, Gingerols, Shogaols, zingerone, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, rosmarinic acid, eugenol, carvacrol, linalool, β-caryophyllene etc., the alkaloids that are mentioned are not only killing the virus but also stimulate, and activate the immune system in the body and at the same develops human energy to fight against COVID 19. The preparation and methodologies of simple medicine briefly explained in the topic Novel Remedial Approaches against Virulent Corona Viruses.

Clinical Manifestation and Epidemiological Impacts of Pandemic Zoonotic Disease of the Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Firew Admasu Hailu ◽  
◽  
Tsion Admasu Hailu ◽  
Rodas Firew Admasu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Transmission Prevention ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Corona Viruses

This study used to address the most organized information about clinical demonstration and epidemiological impacts and the new pandemic zoonotic disease called corona virus. Background: The new respiratory virus known as corona (COVID-19) first originated in China at Wuhan, and rapidly spreading to all worldwide continents. The common cold, SARS, MERS and COVID-19 are types of corona viruses, and most people get infected with one or more of these viruses at some point in their lives. COVID-19 is viruses known for containing strains of lethal diseases in mammals and birds, its infections rate is doubling at every six days, infecting large number of people, its name is given from the protrude spikes surfaces, infect the respiratory tract of animals and human, transmit via droplets and contact. Objectives: The objectives of this study is to address scientific information’s about zoonotic disease called COVID-19, its clinical display like symptoms, ways of transmission, prevention methods, epidemiology and complications. Methods: Observing what is happening in the world, and collecting epidemiological data from WHO about COVID-19, organizing and rewrite in scientific methods. Results and Conclusion: Zoonotic diseases are diseases first transmit from infected animal to humans, animals such as bat, rat, pig, insects, fish, etc. The novel COVID-19 have been first originated in Wuhan from seafood sale market of sells fish, bats, snakes and pangolins and highly spreading globally. It is a pandemic zoonotic disease, infecting every individual of human being at any age, sex, race, religions, lifestyle, educational level, etc. Its similar symptoms with other corona viruses type such as strong fever, high elevated body temperature, dry cough, muscle fatigue, breathing difficulties, etc and also less common symptoms includes coughing mucus or blood, headaches, diarrhea, and kidney failure. In addition, as the disease progresses, patients approach with pneumonia, inflames the lungs and causes alveoli to fill with fluid and this can be detected by an X-ray. Its primary ways of transmission includes respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing of fluid produced by infected individuals, touching contaminated surfaces, hands and objects with our hands then our mouth, nose and eye. Based on worldwide epidemiological data, more than 2.8 million people were infected, of which about 200,000 were died within 100 days, whereas, about 25 million people were infected, of which more than 846,000 were died within 220 days and also it creates negative economic impacts especially in developing countries. However, till now there is no recognized therapeutic against corona viruses, therefore advisable prevention methods are washing our hands regularly with soap, use hand sanitizer properly, during coughing and sneezing use inside of our elbow, stop handshaking with anyone, stay at home to limit social co

scholarly journals Loss of Smell and Taste: Potential of Using Them as Markers for Early Detection of Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World

The world is currently witnessing a severe health crisis of its time. Everyone is juggling and struggling to fight a viral disease named Covid-19 (Corona virus disease 2019) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). The genome of newly identified virus is less than 30,000 letters long where pathogenesis involve from being asymptomatic to deadly in all age groups. Almost everybody is at a grave risk in such an unpredictable scenario where range of symptoms are so variable from people to people making this pandemic a threat to human race.

scholarly journals COVID-19: A Global Pandemic of 21st Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 311-321
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Budholiya ◽  
Abdul Wajid Ali ◽  
Deepshikha Gunwan ◽  
Sana Sahil ◽  
C.K. Tyagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Director General ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Corona Viruses

In last of 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention started monitoring the outbreak of a new corona virus, SARS-CoV-2, which causes the respiratory illness now known as COVID-19. Authorities first identified the virus in Wuhan, China. More than 82542 case of Corona virus in China at 31 March 2020. Health authorities have identified many other people with COVID-19 around the world. On 31 March 2020, the virus spread more than 750890 People in the World. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a public health emergency relating to COVID-19. Since then, this strain has been diagnosed in several residents of world. The CDC have advised that it is likely to spread to more people. COVID-19 has affected at least 213 countries or territories or areas. The first people with COVID-19 had links to an animal and seafood market. This fact suggested that animals initially transmitted the virus to humans. However, people with a more recent diagnosis had no connections with or exposure to the market, confirming that humans can pass the virus to each other. Corona viruses will infect most people at some time during their lifetime. Corona viruses can mutate effectively, which makes them so contagious. Information on the virus is scarce at present. In the past, respiratory conditions that develop from corona viruses, such as SARS and MERS, have spread through close contacts. On 17 February 2020, the Director-General of the WHO presented at a media briefing the following updates on how often the symptoms of COVID-19.However, while some viruses are highly contagious, it is less clear how rapidly corona viruses will spread. Symptoms vary from person-to-person with COVID-19. It may produce few or no symptoms. However, it can also lead to severe illness and may be fatal. On 11 March 2020, WHO declared Novel Corona virus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak as a Pandemic. Keywords: WHO, ICMR, SARS-CoV-2, Bats, Wuhan City, Pneumonia, Respiratory Infection, Pandemic

scholarly journals Pregnancy and Childbirth in COVID-19 Positive/Probable and Suspected Patients: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Mosammat Rashida Begum ◽  
Nazia Ehsan ◽  
Mariya Ehsan ◽  
Azaz Bin Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
International Health ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Corona Virus

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic disease caused by novel corona virus called SARS-CoV-2. Over 213 countries as of July 15, 2020, 13.1 million people are affected by this deadly virus. More than 100 million women are pregnant worldwide and potentially all are at risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Coronaviruses cause illness ranging in severity from common cold and severe respiratory illness to death. Frequent manifestations of COVID-19 include fever, cough, myalgia, headache, and diarrhoea. Abnormal test result shows abnormalities on chest radiographic imaging, lymphopenia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Physiological changes during pregnancy like altered immunity, reduced functional residual volume, pressure on diaphragm by advanced gravid uterus may lead to adverse respiratory outcome in any viral disease. Maternal mortality was very high in other corona viruses like Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). No evidence of in utero transmission was seen in SARS or MERS. Coronavirus disease 2019 might increase the risk of vertical transmission and pregnancy complications. So, meticulous management is necessary for safe maternal and foetal outcome. Early isolation, aggressive infection control procedures, oxygen therapy are the key component of COVID-19 management. In pregnancy multidisciplinary approach should be taken for general and obstetrical management. At present there is no specific treatment for COVID-19. Based on results from observational studies empiric antibacterial and antiviral drugs are used. Very recently a few controlled trials were published that suggest few treatment options. On the basis of published data and recommendations of international health organizations, the aim of this review is to explore effective treatment and care of the pregnant women throughout pregnancy, during childbirth and afterwards in this novel SARS-CoV-2 crisis. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(0): 91-108

scholarly journals Dentistry practice: Impact of Covid-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sanjay Prasad Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Contact Transmission ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

Our world is under siege by a viral disease, named Corona virus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) is transmitted directly from person to person by respiratory droplets through coughing, droplet inhalation transmission, sneezing, and indirectly through contact transmission with oral, nasal, and eye mucous membranes contact. It can also be transmitted to others through the fecal–oral routes and the saliva.1 In addition, it was confirmed that cases without symptoms can spread the virus.2-3

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document