Malnutrition and its related factors among children 0-5 years in rural Shamirpet mandal, Ranga reddy district, India.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
pp. 5340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavani Varma M.* ◽  
Prasad S.V.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

Malnutrition continues to be a significant public health problem and is associated with many risk factors. To determine the association between prevalence of undernutrition, socio-demographic and maternal characteristics. It is a cross sectional study.400 children were examined for their weights and heights. Information is collected regarding the risk factors which are usually associated with undernutrition. The relevant information was recorded from each village of the mandal according to probability proportion to size. Significant association has been found with birth weight, birth interval and maternal occupation. Health education of parents regarding importance of ante-natal check-ups, proper birth spacing is essential.

scholarly journals The prevalence and risk factors for depressive symptoms in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic based on a large cross-sectional study using the propensity score-matched method

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Wang ◽  
Xiaoling Dai ◽  
Zichuan Yao ◽  
Xianqing Zhu ◽  
Yunzhong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction To explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the associated risk factors in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20, 2020 to March 20, 2020 and involved 562 frontline nurses. The effective response rate was 87.68%. After propensity score matched, there were 498 participants left. Extensive characteristics, including demographics, dietary habits, life-related factors, work-related factors, and psychological factors were collected based on a self-reported questionnaire. Specific scales measured the levels of sleep quality, physical activity, depressive symptoms, perceived organization support and psychological capital. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined by binary paired logistic regression. Results Of the nurses enrolled in the study, 50.90% had depressive symptoms. Three independent risk factors were identified: poor sleep quality (OR = 1.608, 95% CI: 1.384–1.896), lower optimism of psychological capital (OR = 0.879, 95% CI: 0.805–0.960) and no visiting friend constantly (OR = 0.513, 95% CI: 0.286–0.920). Conclusions This study revealed a considerable high prevalence of depressive symptoms in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak, and identified three risk factors, which were poor sleep quality, lower optimism of psychological capital, and no visiting friend constantly. Protecting mental health of nurses is important for COVID-19 pandemic control and their wellbeing. These findings enrich the existing theoretical model of depression and demonstrated a critical need for additional strategies that could address the mental health in frontline nurses for policymakers.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of AsymptomaticLeishmania donovaniamong Laborers and Associated Risk Factors in Agricultural Camps of West Armachiho District, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Animen Ayehu ◽  
Yibeltal Aschale ◽  
Wossenseged Lemma ◽  
Animut Alebel ◽  
Ligabaw Worku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Study Participants

Background. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL, also called kala-azar) is a public health problem in Ethiopia, especially in sesame and sorghum growing areas. Compared to other populations, labor migrants are the most exposed. Knowing the seroprevalence ofLeishmania donovaniand associated risk factors is essential to design appropriate control measures. The main aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of asymptomaticL. donovaniamong laborers and associated risk factors in agricultural camps of West Armachiho district, Northwest Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to know the seroprevalence and associated risk factors ofL. donovaniinfection.Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 185 laborers from October to December 2017. A simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants from selected agricultural camps. After obtaining written informed consent, data were collected using a structured pretested Amharic version questionnaire using the interview technique. A single finger prick blood sample was collected from the study participants and the blood samples were subjected to the serological diagnostic method using the rk39 kit. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors associated withL. donovaniinfection.Result. Among 185 participants examined using rk39, 14 (7.6%) were seroreactive forL. donovani.Leishmania donovaniinfection had a statistically significant association with sleeping underBalanitestrees (AOR: 4.36, 95%CI: 1.186-16.06), presence of domestic animals near sleeping place (AOR: 4.68, 95% CI: 1.25-17.56), and lack of knowledge about VL transmission (AOR: 3.79, 95% CI: 1.07-13.47).Conclusion. Seroprevalence of asymptomaticL. donovaniamong laborers in agricultural camps of West Armachiho was low. Prevention measures and health education about risk factors that expose toL. donovaniinfection for the laborers are essential to prevent the spread of the disease.

scholarly journals Gambaran Status Endemisitas Filariasis dan Faktor yang Terkait dengan Transmisi Sesaat Pasca Survei Transmission Assessment Survey (TAS-) 1 di Kabupaten Pidie, Aceh

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Ramadhan ◽  
Yulidar Yulidar ◽  
Abidah Nur ◽  
Zain Hadifah ◽  
Yasir Yasir
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Selective Treatment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assessment Survey ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Filariasis is still a global public health problem both in the world and in Indonesia. Aceh is include in one of the provinces with the most clinical cases in Indonesia. The aimed of this study was to determine the description of endemicity status and Related Factors to Instantaneous Transmissions period after Transmission Assessment Survey (TAS) 1 in Pidie district. This research is part of the filariasis elimination evaluation study in Indonesia (Multicenter Filariasis Study) Litbangkes Office Center, Ministry of Health in 2017. The research design was cross sectional study. The study was conducted from February to November 2017. The selected research sites were Buloh and Kambuk Payapi Village in Pidie district. Data was collected by interviewin respondent to obtained information about people's knowledge, attitudes and behavior related to filariasis. In addition, finger blood tests were also conducted on respondents who had been interviewed. The number of respondents by finger blood was 627 and 714 were interviewed. The risk of filariasis transmission still occurred with the finding of 10 positive cases of microfilaria as many as 10 people in Kambuk Payapi village  with B.malayi species. The average filarial density was 86.84 / μl blood.  Respondent’s knowledge about filariasis is still low, community attitudes towads the prevention and treatment of filariasis was positive. Only a portion of respondents were involved in mass treatment. Selective treatment and strengthening synergy across sectors and programs must be increased so that elimination of  filariasis can be achieved. In addition, it is necessary to increase public knowledge through various health promotion media to improve community behaviour to achieve  elimination of filariasis. Abstrak Filariasis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan baik di dunia maupun di Indonesia. Aceh termasuk dalam salah satu provinsi dengan kasus klinis kronis terbanyak di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran status endemisitas filariasis dan faktor yang berpengaruh dengan transmisi setelah Transmission Assessment Survey (TAS) 1 di Kabupaten Pidie. Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari studi evaluasi eliminasi filariasis di Indonesia (studi Multicenter Filariasis) Badan Litbangkes Kementerian Kesehatan tahun 2017. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional study. Penelitian dilakukan dari Februari-November 2017. Tempat penelitian adalah di desa Buloh dan desa Kambuk Payapi di Kabupaten Pidie. Pengumpulan data dilakukan wawancara responden untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat terkait filariasis. Selain itu juga dilakukan pemeriksaan darah jari malam hari pada responden yang sudah diwawancarai.  Jumlah responden yang diperiksa darah jari 627 responden dan yang diwawancarai 714.  Resiko penularan filariasis masih terjadi dengan masih ditemukannya kasus positif mikrofilaria sebanyak 10 orang di desa Kambuk Payapi dengan spesies B.malayi. Rata-rata kepadatan filaria adalah 86,84/µl darah. Pengetahuan responden tentang penyebab filariasis masih rendah, sikap masyarakat terhadap upaya pencegahan dan pengobatan filariasis sudah positif. Namun demikian hanya sebagian responden yang ikut terlibat dalam pengobatan masal. Pengobatan selektif dan memperkuat sinergi lintas sektos dan lintas program harus ditingkatkan agar eliminasi filariasis dapat dicapai. Selain itu diperlukan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat melalui berbagai media promosi kesehatan untuk meningkatkan prilaku masyarakat untuk mencapai eliminasi filariasis.  

scholarly journals Association of neck circumference and hypertension among adults in a rural community Thailand: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256260
Author(s):  
Panuwat Soitong ◽  
Saowaluck Jangjaicharoen ◽  
Apisit Kaewsanit ◽  
Parinya Mali ◽  
Yada Viriyakhaikul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction Hypertension (HT) is a major non-communicable disease worldwide and a growing global public health problem. Although several studies have investigated the independent associations of neck circumference (NC) and hypertension, no such studies have been conducted among the Thai population. Aim This study aims to identify risk factors associated with hypertension, which may be used to predict HT among asymptomatic adults residing in a remote rural community in central Thailand. Method 1,084 adults were included in this community-based cross-sectional study by a population-based total survey. The participants were included those who had been living in 6 villages in the rural community in the central area of Thailand. Anthropometric information, NC, body composition indexes such as waist circumference and blood pressure were measured. Logistic regression models were fitted to calculate the multi-variable adjusted prevalence and the association of NC with HT. Result The prevalence of HT among adults in the rural community was 27.7% (95% CI: 25.0–30.3). Of the 300 adults with HT, 164 participants (54.7%) were found within the unawareness HT category. We found that associated factors with HT were included larger neck circumference both continuous and categorical (≥ 37.5 in male, ≥ 32.5 in female), pre-existing diabetes mellitus, male, and higher body mass index. Conclusion Almost one-third of participants in the remote rural areas presented hypertension. NC was associated with HT independent from other risk factors. NC is a simple and useful anthropometric index to identify HT in rural Thai adults.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension in Two Communes in the Vietnam Northern Mountainous, 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhon Bui Van ◽  
Quyet Pham Van ◽  
Long Vo Hoang ◽  
Tung Bui Van ◽  
Nguyen Nguyen Hoang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systolic Hypertension ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Isolated Systolic Hypertension ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

Background. The aims were to characterize the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) and explore its associations in the northern mountainous. Methods. We carried out a cross-sectional study in two communes in Chiem Hoa district, Tuyen Quang province, between June and November 2017. All subjects at the age of 18 years and over currently living in two communes. The usage of the descriptive statistics was to characterize the HTN prevalence. We used the univariate and multivariate models of logistic regression to determine the prevalence and related factors of HTN. Results. There were 319 people with overall HTN in the total of 675 participants. Among people with HTN, there were 101 ones with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). The proportion of HTN among the Tay ethnic group was 47.6%. The factors related to HTN included group, body mass index (BMI), low physical fitness, and waist-hip ratio (WHR). These factors as well as the ethnicity were significantly associated with ISH. Conclusions. Two communes of Chiem Hoa district in Tuyen Quang province had a high prevalence of HTN. Age, BMI, WHR, and physical activity were the risk factors of overall HTN and ISH. In particular, ISH was affected by ethnicity.

scholarly journals Rhinoconjunctivitis among Adolescents in Kuwait and Associated Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Ziyab ◽  
Yaser M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Major Illness

Rhinoconjunctivitis is a public health problem that causes major illness and disability worldwide. Epidemiological studies intended to determine the burden of rhinoconjunctivitis in Kuwait are limited. Hence, this study sought to estimate the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis among adolescents in Kuwait and explore its association with different risk factors. Schoolchildren aged 11–14 years (n = 3,864) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Parents completed questionnaires regarding their children’s clinical history and symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis and relevant exposures. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. The 12-month (current) prevalence estimates of rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and severe rhinoconjunctivitis were 28.6% (1,040/3,643), 13.5% (497/3,689), and 1.2% (44/3,689), respectively. The prevalence of current rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms was higher in boys compared to girls (aPR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.01–1.41). Parental history of rhinitis and asthma showed positive associations with rhinoconjunctivitis in offspring. Trend analyses showed that rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence decreased with increasing numbers of total siblings (aPR = 0.92, Ptrend<0.001) and older siblings (aPR = 0.90, Ptrend<0.001). Rhinoconjunctivitis is common among adolescents in Kuwait and its epidemiology is similar to that found in western countries.

scholarly journals Risk factors for chronic kidney disease: a hospital based cross sectional study from Visakhapatnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3909
Author(s):  
Sindhura Moparthi ◽  
Madhavi Seepana ◽  
Devi Madhavi Bhimarasetty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dialysis Unit

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being increasingly recognised as a leading public health problem. In India, given its population >1 billion, the rising incidence of CKD is likely to pose major problems for both healthcare and the economy in future years. Diabetes and hypertension are strong predictors for development and progression of chronic kidney disease. The objective of the study was to assess risk factors for chronic kidney disease among patients undergoing dialysis in King George Hospital (KGH), Visakhapatnam.Methods: This is an observational descriptive cross sectional study done in dialysis unit in KGH. A total of 100 patients were selected out of 141 registered CKD patients by simple random sampling technique. Study is done in the month of October- November 2015. A pretested semi structured schedule was administered. Informed written consent was taken from the patients. MS excel 2007 was used for data entry. Data was analysed by SPSS trial version 20. Categorical data was analysed by Chi square test.Results: Among 100 study subjects 72 were females and 28 were males. 91% of the CKD patients were Hypertensive, among whom 73.6% were males and 26.4% were females. This difference was not found to be statistically significant (p=0.446). 22% of the CKD patients were Diabetic, among whom 81.8% were males and 18.2% were females.Conclusions: Better understanding of the role of risk factors in CKD is needed. Large community based cross sectional studies are needed to study in detail about CKD risk factors. 

scholarly journals The prevalence and risk factors for anxiety in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic based on a large cross-sectional study using the propensity score-matched method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyun Zhao ◽  
Zichuan Yao ◽  
Xianqing Zhu ◽  
Yunzhong Jiang ◽  
Chunyu Pan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction: We determined the prevalence of anxiety and the associated risk factors in in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20, 2020 to March 20, 2020 and involved 562 frontline nurses. The effective response rate was 87.68%. After propensity score matched, there were 532 participants left. Extensive characteristics, including demographics, dietary habits, life-related factors, work-related factors, and psychological factors were collected based on a self-reported questionnaire. Specific scales measured the levels of sleep quality, physical activity, anxiety, perceived organization support and psychological capital. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined by binary paired logistic regression.Results: Of the nurses enrolled in the study, 33.60% had anxiety. Five independent risk factors were identified for anxiety: poor sleep quality (OR=1.235), experienced major events (OR=1.653), lower resilience and optimism of psychological capital (OR=0.906, and OR=0.909) and no visiting friend constantly (OR=0.629). Conclusions: This study revealed a considerable high prevalence of anxiety in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak, and identified five risk factors, which were poor sleep quality, experienced major events, lower resilience and optimism of psychological capital, and no visiting friend rarely. Protecting mental health of nurses is important for COVID-19 pandemic control and their wellbeing. These findings enrich the existing theoretical model of anxiety and demonstrated a critical need for additional strategies that could address the mental health in frontline nurses for policymakers.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among rural adults in Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
T. K. Raja ◽  
T. Muthukumar ◽  
Anisha Mohan P.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases, which is an important global public health problem and also the most leading cause for cardiovascular disease in both developed and developing countries. The aim and objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and to assess the associated risk factors among adults of rural population.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done on 225 study subjects, using systemic random sampling method at Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu. Results: The study included 225 participants of which 53% were male and 47% were female. The overall prevalence of hypertension among the study population was 26.2%. Risk among male was greater than female (OR=1.390). Factors like age, body mass index, diet, family history of hypertension had significant association (p<0.05) with hypertension. Conclusions: Regular screening for hypertension among adults should be done in the general OPD as well as in health camps so that they have a knowledge regarding their own blood pressure status. Among those who already have hypertension, anti -hypertensive drugs, timely blood pressure check-up, screening for cardio vascular diseases and self-care management of hypertension need to be promoted. 

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Fetomaternal Outcomes of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Groof ◽  
Ghadeer Garashi ◽  
Hamid Husain ◽  
Shaikhah Owayed ◽  
Shaima AlBader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing global public health problem that can have short- and long-term health consequences for the mother and the child. Despite its criticalness, many countries still do not have the epidemiological data which could guide them in responding to the problem. Due to the lack of knowledge on GDM and the fact that diabetes and obesity are high in Kuwait, this study sought to estimate the prevalence of GDM and determine its risk factors and outcomes. Methods. This cross-sectional study enrolled 947 mothers living in Kuwait, who had given birth within the previous four years. Participants were recruited from primary health care clinics and public hospitals. GDM status was self-reported by the mother. Associations between exposures and outcomes were evaluated using logistic regression, and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results. Of the 868 mothers with no prior history of diabetes mellitus, 109 (12.6%, 95% CI: 10.4, 14.8) reported having been given a GDM diagnosis during their last pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM increased with maternal age and prepregnancy body mass index. GDM was positively associated with caesarean section delivery (aOR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.66) and fetal macrosomia (aOR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.14, 4.89). Conclusion. GDM is prevalent in Kuwait and is associated with poor maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. To date, GDM has received little attention, and there is a need for more research to identify and respond to individual and public health implications of GDM in Kuwait.

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