scholarly journals Can Listening to Music Make You Type Better? The Effect of Music Style, Vocals and Volume on Typing Performance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bramwell-Dicks ◽  
Helen Petrie ◽  
Alistair Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Background Music ◽  
Group Factor ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Typing Task

Music psychologists have frequently shown that music affects people’s behaviour. Applying this concept to work-related computing tasks has the potential to lead to improvements in a person’s productivity, efficiency and effectiveness. This paper presents two quantitative experiments exploring whether transcription typing performance is affected when hearing a music accompaniment that includes vocals. The first experiment showed that classifying the typists as either slow or fast ability is important as there were significant interaction effects once this between group factor was included, with the accuracy of fast typists reduced when the music contained vocals. In the second experiment, a Dutch transcription typing task was added to manipulate task difficulty and the volume of playback was included as a between groups independent variable. When typing in Dutch the fast typists’ speed was reduced with louder music. When typing in English the volume of music had little effect on typing speed for either the fast or slow typists. The fast typists achieved lower speeds when the loud volume music contained vocals, but with low volume music the inclusion of vocals in the background music did not have a noticeable affect on typing speed. The presence of vocals in the music reduced the accuracy of the text entry across the whole sample. Overall, these experiments show that the presence of vocals in background music reduces typing performance, but that we might be able to exploit instrumental music to improve performance in tasks involving typing with either low or high volume music.

Replication of the Superstition and Performance Study by

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Calin-Jageman ◽  
Tracy L. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
And Performance

A recent series of experiments suggests that fostering superstitions can substantially improve performance on a variety of motor and cognitive tasks ( Damisch, Stoberock, & Mussweiler, 2010 ). We conducted two high-powered and precise replications of one of these experiments, examining if telling participants they had a lucky golf ball could improve their performance on a 10-shot golf task relative to controls. We found that the effect of superstition on performance is elusive: Participants told they had a lucky ball performed almost identically to controls. Our failure to replicate the target study was not due to lack of impact, lack of statistical power, differences in task difficulty, nor differences in participant belief in luck. A meta-analysis indicates significant heterogeneity in the effect of superstition on performance. This could be due to an unknown moderator, but no effect was observed among the studies with the strongest research designs (e.g., high power, a priori sampling plan).

Using High-Volume Warm-Ups to Improve Performance in Paralympic Throwers

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence W. Judge ◽  
Nate Brown ◽  
Makenzie A. Schoeff ◽  
David M. Bellar ◽  
Bruce W. Craig
Keyword(s):  
High Volume ◽  
Improve Performance

Prevalence and Risk Factors of work Related Musculo Skeletal Disorders (wrmsd’s) Among Doctors - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Biju Azariah ◽  
◽  
Geethu Babu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related

Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) have not only shown to impact the physical and pschycological comfort of the employee but also deteriorate the prospects of any production or service sector. The prevalence of WRMSDs, though studied extensively in various sectors, has been understudied in health sector, especially among doctors. This study which evaluated the prevalence and risk factors of these disorders among fifty cancer treating Radiation Oncologist at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in India had exposed out an alarming 68% prevalence of these disorders in the study population, with neck pain being the commonest site of these Muscloskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Several factors which could impact the development of MSDs were analysed. This higher incidence of MSDs is presumed to be because of extreme physical and mental stress of working in a high volume cancer care centre, persistent unhealthy postures during work, inadequate micropauses between works and uncomfortable working atmosphere. Adequate physician patient ratio, restricting the patient load, providing good physician friendly working environment and adequate mandatory breaks might significantly reduce the incidence of these disorders and can prevent the sagging of health care delivery.

Effects of Background Music on Phonological Short-Term Memory

1989 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Salamé ◽  
Alan Baddeley
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Exclusion Process ◽  
Vocal Music ◽  
Background Music ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Noise Condition ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
Immediate Memory

Immediate memory for visually presented verbal material is disrupted by concurrent speech, even when the speech is unattended and in a foreign language. Unattended noise does not produce a reliable decrement. These results have been interpreted in terms of a phonological short-term store that excludes non-speechlike sounds. The characteristics of this exclusion process were explored by studying the effects of music on the serial recall of sequences of nine digits presented visually. Experiment 1 compared the effects of unattended vocal or instrumental music with quiet and showed that both types of music disrupted STM performance, with vocal music being more disruptive than instrumental music. Experiment 2 attempted to replicate this result using more highly trained subjects. Vocal music caused significantly more disruption than instrumental music, which was not significantly worse than the silent control condition. Experiment 3 compared instrumental music with unattended speech and with noise modulated in amplitude, the degree of modulation being the same as in speech. The results showed that the noise condition did not differ from silence; both of these proved less disruptive than instrumental music, which was in turn less disruptive than the unattended speech condition. Theoretical interpretation of these results and their potential practical implications for the disruption of cognitive performance by background music are discussed.

The place of civilians in policing

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Alderden ◽  
Wesley G. Skogan
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Employee Morale ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Civilian Employees

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the correlates of job satisfaction among civilian employees of law enforcement agencies, to assess how features of the policing workplace influence employee morale. Design/methodology/approach – The data for this study were drawn from surveys conducted as part of the National Police Research Platform. In total, 472 civilians from 19 police agencies completed the survey. Findings – The findings indicate that contentment with pay and benefits, lower levels of work-related stress, equality in the workplace, and feelings of acceptance were associated with civilian employee satisfaction. Research limitations/implications – The analyses presented here focusses on factors more unique to policing and did not include all of factors correlated with job satisfaction in past literature. Future research should address this as well as control for the effect of organizational-level factors. Practical implications – The research identifies key factors in each of those categories that inhibit the effective incorporation of civilians into the workforce. It indicates that reaping the full advantages of civilianization is complex and requires attention to fundamental aspects of police organizations. How administrators deal with this reality will impact the efficiency and effectiveness of their organizations in important ways. Originality/value – To date, much of what has been written about the place of civilians in policing consists of descriptions of their numeric representation and discussions of the presumed advantages of hiring them in larger numbers. Less is known about how well civilians have been integrated into the policing workforce.

Criteria and Transfer of Training

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Weitz
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Of Training ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Personality Tests ◽  
Independent Variable

Using a new matrix learning task an attempt is made to determine the basis of transfer by observing the effect of using criterion measures at different points in time during the transfer sequence. It was found that for “easy” transfer situations the effect of an independent variable is apparent early in the transfer sequence and on a more “difficult” task the effect of the independent variable is apparent later in the transfer sequence. The effectiveness of the transfer of task approach is discussed within the framework of task difficulty. From these findings some implications for training and some hypotheses concerning the validation of personality tests are suggested.

scholarly journals Occupational Stress: A Comprehensive Review of the Top 50 Annual and Lifetime Cited Articles

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 197-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behdin Nowrouzi ◽  
Christine Nguyen ◽  
Jennifer Casole ◽  
Behnam Nowrouzi-Kia
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
The Impact

This study determined the impact and influence of published articles on the field of occupational stress. A transdisciplinary approach was used to identify the 50 work-related stress articles with the most lifetime citations and the 50 work-related stress articles with the highest annual citation rates. Studies were categorized based on their primary focus: (a) etiology, (b) predictor of outcome for which occupational stress is the outcome or predictor of outcome for which occupational stress is an independent variable, (c) management/intervention, (d) theory/model/framework, or (e) methodologies. The majority of studies with the highest number of lifetime citations as well as the highest annual citation rates used stress as a predictor or outcome of another factor. The proportion of studies that were categorized by etiology, intervention/management, theory/model/framework, or methodologies was relatively low for both lifetime and annual citations.

Effect of Task Difficulty on the Division of Attention between Nonverbal Signals: Independence or Interaction?

1976 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Long
Keyword(s):  
Divided Attention ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Competing Demands ◽  
Contradictory Evidence ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Level Of Difficulty ◽  
Test Requirements

Models of divided attention are grouped into two classes according to whether they assume that efficiency on one task is independent of or interacts with the level of difficulty on a second simultaneously performed task. On the basis of contradictory evidence from previous studies, four necessary requirements are proposed for an empirical test between the two classes of model. Two experiments successfully embodying these requirements were run, in which subjects performed a two-choice recognition task, involving frequency and intensity signals presented together and alone. The independent variable was the level of difficulty on one dimension; the dependent variable was the accuracy of performance on a second dimension presented at the same time. The results from both experiments showed an interactive trend, performance becoming worse as the difficulty of the accompanying task was increased. In neither case was the effect significant. When pooled over experiments the effect appeared to be reliable, although small. The outcome is interpreted as supporting interactive models of divided attention rather than independent models. Possible reasons for the smallness of the effect are considered. The most likely reason appears to be the competing demands between two of the test requirements adopted initially. An alternative to one of the requirements is proposed.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF RECOGNITION-BASED REWARDS ON EMPLOYEES' EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shazia Khan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Inferential Test ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Motivating Factor ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose-The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of recognition based rewards on employees' motivation to be efficient and effective on the job as compared to usual incentives particularly the monetary ones. The study is also aimed to identify the role of these rewards on employee retention as well as their long-term effectiveness within organization. Methodology-For the purpose of study a close ended questionnaire was used to infer the relation between supervisors' recognition (independent variable) and employees' performance, their desire to remain with the organization, and their long term effectiveness in within the organization etc. (dependent variables). Al-Karam Towel Industries (Pvt.) Ltd. Karachi was selected for the study whereat sample size of 100 employees was opted for. The effect of supervisory recognition on employees was examined using chi2 inferential test. Findings-Findings of the study showed significantly positive relationship between dependent and independent variables. Practical Implications-This research work is likely to help the organizations realize the worth of recognition as a motivating factor and may persuade them to shift their focus from financial incentives to recognition-based rewards. Findings of the study are also likely to add to the information to the managers that employees of all levels along the hierarchy are influences positively by supervisory recognition for their output and working contribution, and seniority of position is no more bar to it.

scholarly journals Psychological studies of the profession of pedagogues for additional education

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (121) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
Stella B. Khachanyants ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Additional Education ◽  
Psychological Studies

The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of modern psychological studies of the professional activities of teachers of children additional education carried out during the last decade. The purpose of the study was to conduct this analysis from the standpoint of labor psychology, where the key constructs are the concepts of efficiency and effectiveness of activity, in order to systematize and summarize modern psychological studies of the professional activities of teachers of children additional education, highlighting the main areas of such research and identifying among them the areas that are most significant and promising for labor psychology. It is noted that in modern conditions, the requirements for the formation of a system of personnel support for additional education of children are increasing, in particular, for the professionally important qualities of teachers in order to ensure their effective work and successful socialization of students. It is stated that a systematic analysis of psychological studies of the work of teachers of children additional education reveals an objective trend of insufficient knowledge of the problem of the effectiveness and efficiency of this work. Eight main directions of modern psychological research of the work of teachers of children additional education are identified, among which five directions are marked as particularly significant and promising for the psychology of work, related, respectively: 1) with the finding of success criteria and the development of methods for obtaining estimates of the effectiveness of this professional activity; 2) with the definition of regulatory requirements for this activity; 3) with the identification of the psychological specifics of the professional activities of teachers of children additional education; 4) with the study of the modern digital environment as a means of professional development of teachers of children additional education; 5) with the study and formation of psychological readiness of teachers of children additional education to carry out cultural work. The significance of the results obtained is determined by the fact that the identified areas contribute to the theoretical ordering and purposeful further development of research on the work of teachers of additional education of children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document