scholarly journals KALIMAT TANYA DALAM BAHASA MELAYU DIALEK TAMIANG

LITERA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joko Hafrianto ◽  
Mulyadi Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Generative Syntax ◽  
Wh Questions

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang membahas struktur kalimat tanya dalam bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang. Penelitian struktur kalimat tanya ini menggunakan teori x-bar sebagai kajian sintaksis generatif. Data penelitian ini berupa kalimat tanya mae ‘apa’, hapo ‘siapa’, kalo ‘kapan’, kek mano ‘dimana’, keno mae ‘kenapa’, dan gano ‘bagaimana’. Data ini diperoleh dari hasil wawancara penutur asli bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang dan data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode agih. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis kalimat tanya total dalam bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang memerlukan jawaban “ya” atau “tidak”, sedangkan jenis kalimat tanya parsial dalam bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang memerlukan jawaban penjelasan atau keterangan. Kata kunci: struktur kalimat, teori x-bar, bahasa Melayu dialek Tamiang INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN THE TAMIANG DIALECT OF MALAYAbstract This is a qualitative study discussing the structures of interrogative sentences in the Tamiang dialect of Malay. The study on the structures of interrogative sentences uses the x-bar theory as a study of generative syntax. The data were in the form of sentences asking mae ‘what’, hapo ‘who’, kalo ‘when’, kek mano ‘where’, keno mae ‘why’, and gano ‘how’. The data were collected through interviews with native speakers of the Tamiang dialect of Malaythe data were analyzed using the distributionalmethod. The results indicate that yes-no questions require a “yes” or “no” answer, while wh-questions require explanation or information. Keywords: sentence structures, x-bar theory, dialect Tamiang of Malay

Intonatieve Afwijkingen In Het Engels Van Nederlanders

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
N.J. Willems
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
Consistent Manner ◽  
Pitch Contours ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
To Come ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pitch Movement

The purpose of the experiments reported on here was to attain an inventory of systematic intonational deviations observed in English utterances produced by native speakers of Dutch. In two production tests acoustic measurements are described of magnitude, slope, duration, direction and position of fundamental frequency contours, produced by native speakers of Dutch and of English on English utterances. In two perception tests the original capricious fundamental frequency contours (sentence melody) were replaced by experimentally controlled artificial contours, without greatly disturbing the remaining acoustic cues. In this way the perceptual relevance of the deviations could be tested by means of a subjective evaluation by native speakers of English. Finally two experiments are described which are of an exploratory character, in the latter of which use was made of spectrally rotated speech. The overall data of the experiments allow for the following conclusion: (a) British English listeners are able to judge the acceptability of resynthesized pitch contours in a very consistent manner. (b) Deviations which appear to be particularly relevant to the perception of non-nativeness are in order of perceptual importance: Magnitude of the pitch movement, WH-attribute (particular configuration often found on so-called WH-Questions), Direction of the pitch movement, Continuation (complex movement often found before a pause in a speech signal) and occasionally Inclination (slowly rising pitch from Mid to High level). (c) The perceptual relevance of some deviations appeared to be dependent on the linguistic structure of the utterance, viz. Overshoot (rise at end), Reset (virtual jump from Mid to High). The ultimate goal of our investigation is to come to an explicit inventory of perceptually relevant deviations. Suc an inventory would be helpful to establish an elementary set of rules concerning English intonation on behalf of Dutch learners of English.

The computer-mediated expression of surprise

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-414
Author(s):  
Laura Ascone
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
New Information

This paper investigates how Italian native speakers express surprise in English as their second language on Facebook. A qualitative study was conducted on a corpus of forty English utterances by Italian native speakers conveying surprise and two control corpora composed of forty Italian and forty English native speakers’ expressions. First, a systemic approach will be adopted: by analysing the order in which the speaker reacts to, comments on, and wonders about new information, the objective is to determine a pattern peculiar to the verbal expression of surprise, and to ascertain how the mother tongue and the language-learning background are influential when expressing an instinctive reaction such as surprise in a foreign language. Attention will then be paid to the lexical expression of surprise. In particular, the analysis will focus on the features specific to non-native speakers (i.e. use of verbs and code-switching), on the codes peculiar to CMC (i.e. smileys and punctuation), and on how these codes are employed to convey surprise disruption, valence and intensity. By examining all these aspects, this research examines how English non-native speakers express surprise in chats.

scholarly journals Multilingual Instructional Model of Pesantren Schools in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1210
Author(s):  
Saidna Z. Bin-Tahir ◽  
Haryanto Atmowardoyo ◽  
Syarifuddin Dollah ◽  
Yulini Rinantanti
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Instructional Model ◽  
Sequential Model ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
The City

The study investigated the multilingual instructional model of pesantren schools. It employed qualitative study by applying grounded theory. This study was conducted at the three of pesantren schools in the city of Makassar, Indonesia (Pesantren IMMIM, Pondok Madinah, and Pesantren Darul Arqam Muhammadiyah Gombara). The respondent of the current study were four non-native speakers of English, Arabic, and Mandarin teachers who have the ability to speak and to communicate in three or more languages. In collecting the data, the researchers employed three primary data collection techniques, they are observation, interview, and examining the record. The results found that the multilingual instructional model of pesantren schools applied simultaneous-sequential model with some phases to generate the students changed from monolingual to multilingualism and at the end, they become mono multilingualism. 

scholarly journals EEG Correlates of Long-Distance Dependency Formation in Mandarin Wh-Questions

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Wen Lo ◽  
Jonathan R. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
Anterior Negativity ◽  
With Memory

Event-related potential components are sensitive to the processes underlying how questions are understood. We use so-called “covert” wh-questions in Mandarin to probe how such components generalize across different kinds of constructions. This study shows that covert Mandarin wh-questions do not elicit anterior negativities associated with memory maintenance, even when such a dependency is unambiguously cued. N = 37 native speakers of Mandarin Chinese read Chinese questions and declarative sentences word-by-word during EEG recording. In contrast to prior studies, no sustained anterior negativity (SAN) was observed between the cue word, such as the question-embedding verb “wonder,” and the in-situ wh-filler. SANs have been linked with working memory maintenance, suggesting that grammatical features may not impose the same maintenance demands as the content words used in prior work.

scholarly journals Reduplication as a word-formation process in the Jamee Language: A variety of Minang spoken in South Aceh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Zulfadli A. Aziz ◽  
Vivi Nolikasari
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Ethnographic Interview ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

One of the processes of word formation is reduplication which words or morphemes are repeated. This study focuses on reduplication in Jamee language. This descriptive qualitative study aims at finding out forms of reduplication and the meaning contained in the reduplication in Jamee. The data were collected through ethnographic interview by recording ten native speakers of the Jamee language who live in Labuhanhaji sub-district, South Aceh. They were chosen through purposive sampling. A total of 261 reduplication words were obtained during the interviews, and they were analysed using three stages; data reduction, data display and data verification. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that there are four types of reduplication in the Jamee language: full reduplication, partial reduplication, lexicalized reduplication, and affixed reduplication. The study also shows that reduplication in Jamee language can be in the forms of verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and pronominals. Despite previous studies show that there is no infix in the Jamee language, hence it does occur in this study even though it is rarely used in this language. It is assumed that it may have come into the language through the borrowing from Bahasa Indonesia.

scholarly journals WEBSITES PRACTICING TO DEVELOP LISTENING SKILLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Citra Kusumaningsih ◽  
Senny Wiyanti ◽  
Yulia Ramadhiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Opportunities To Learn ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
Listening Skill

<p>This paper shows the qualitative study of the employment of websites to practice English listening skills of students. The samples in this survey were the students majoring in English, one of school education, Pontianak, Indonesia. The open-ended questionnaire and interview were used to compile the data. The study reported that the students held a positive attitude toward the use of the websites for practicing listening skills because of many advantages such as the websites offer unlimited opportunities to learn and practice their listening skill as if they are in the real situation with native speakers and these opportunities provided them more new English vocabularies. Moreover, it can facilitate them to create autonomous learning strategies. It was also found that it was so convenient when using the internet sites for practicing listening skills outside classroom and from book, anywhere and anytime. However, the students experienced a problem with the native speaker accent so they could not understand the conversation.</p>

Perception of English in relation to communication and identity

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
The West ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Communication Culture ◽  
Local Cultures

The increasing number of the so-called non-native English users has resulted in their views of English to be crucial. This qualitative study of thirty-two Indonesian lecturers, teachers, and students is aimed at revealing perceptions of English in relation to communication, culture, and national as well as religious identities. The findings reveal various perceptions of the language. Some references to Caucasians as potential interlocutors are found even though the participants believe that English has been used among ‘non-native’ speakers and that the relationship between English and the West is diminishing. The participants also view English as either not related or positively related to their national, religious, and ethnic identities. Overall, there is a demand for accentuating English in Indonesia with the local cultures.

Native and non-native processing of English wh- questions: Parsing strategies and plausibility constraints

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN N. WILLIAMS ◽  
PETER MÖBIUS ◽  
CHOONKYONG KIM
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Language Performance ◽  
Garden Path ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
On Line ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Pencil And Paper ◽  
Second Language Performance ◽  
Korean Learners

The two experiments reported here investigated the processing of English wh- questions by native speakers of English and advanced Chinese, German, and Korean learners of English as a second language. Performance was evaluated in relation to parsing strategies and sensitivity to plausibility constraints. In an on-line plausibility judgment task, both native and non-native speakers behaved in similar ways. All groups postulated a gap at the first position consistent with the grammar, as predicted by the filler-driven strategy and as shown by garden path or filled-gap effects that were induced when the hypothesized gap location turned out to be incorrect. In addition, all subjects interpreted the plausibility of the filler-gap dependency, as shown by a reduction in the garden path effect when the initial analysis was implausible. However, the native speakers' reading profiles showed evidence of a more immediate effect of plausibility than those of the non-native speakers, suggesting that they initiated reanalysis earlier when the first analysis was implausible. Experiment 2 showed that the non-native speakers had difficulty canceling a plausible gap hypothesis even in an off-line (pencil and paper) task, whereas for the native speakers there was no evidence that the sentences caused difficulty in this situation. The results suggest that native and non-native speakers employ similar strategies in immediate on-line processing and hence are garden-pathed in similar ways, but they differ in their ability to recover from misanalysis.

scholarly journals Struktur dan Fungsi Sosial Ungkapan Larangan Masyarakat di Kanagarian Pasir Baru

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Pertiwi Pertiwi ◽  
Zulfadhli Zulfadhli
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Projection System ◽  
The Social

The Minangkabau community has long been known for its oral tradition. Through this, advice, manners and social values are integrated from generation to generation. One variety of this tradition is the expression of prohibitions. This study aimed to describe the structure of people’s belief in prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines in Kanagarian Pasir Baru; the social function of oral tradition in the form of prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines in Kanagarian Pasir Baru. This type of research is a qualitative study using descriptive methods. Data in this study were obtained from interviews with the native speakers. The steps of data collection can be categorized as follows: data inventory, preliminary analysis, recording, transliteration, interviews and reporting.  The results of the analysis indicate the structure of prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines in Kanagarian Pasir Baru was divided into two forms, namely two parts and three parts. Moreover, the social function of people's belief in prohibition expressions about the human body and medicines such as a) the belief enhancement function, b) the imaginary projection system, c) the educational function, d) the inhibit function, and e) the entertainment function.

Acquisition of L2 Japanese WH questions: Evidence of phonological contiguity and non-shallow structures

2020 ◽  
pp. 026765831989778
Author(s):  
John Archibald ◽  
Nicole Croteau
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Shallow Structure Hypothesis ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
Prosodic Boundaries ◽  
Pitch Contours ◽  
Universal Properties ◽  
Match Theory ◽  
Shallow Structure

In this article we look at some of the structural properties of second language (L2) Japanese WH questions. In Japanese the WH words are licensed to remain in situ by the prosodic contiguity properties of the phrases which have no prosodic boundaries between the WH word and the question particle. In a rehearsed-reading, sentence production task, we look to see whether non-native speakers of Japanese who are learning the L2 in university classes in North America are able to acquire grammars which are constrained by such universal properties as Match Theory and Contiguity Theory. While linear mixed effects analyses of the pitch contours reveal that the L2ers have not acquired the phonetic implementation distinction of the documented pitch boost on WH words compared to non-WH DPs, our data show that the participants have acquired the pitch compression patterns indicative of having no prosodic phrases intervening between the WH word and the question particle. This property of Japanese WH questions is not taught in their classes, and, thus we argue, that the data are supportive of the position that interlanguage grammars are constrained by universal grammatical properties such as the prosodic contiguity of WH-phrase licensing. We also present these results as being counter to the Shallow Structure Hypothesis.

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