Ethical Problems in the Relationship between Health and Work

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Berlinguer ◽  
Gabriella Falzi ◽  
Irene Figà-Talamanca
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Fetal Protection ◽  
Ethical Conflicts ◽  
Conflicting Interests ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Throughout history, the relationship between employers and workers has been subject to the equilibrium of power, to legislative norms, to ethical considerations, and more recently to scientific knowledge. The authors examine the ethical conflicts that arise from the application of scientific knowledge to preventive health policies in the workplace. In particular, they discuss the ethical conflicts in the application of screening practices, in the setting of “allowable limits” of harmful work exposures, and in the right of workers to be informed about work hazards. Ethical problems are also created by conflicting interests in the protection of the environment, the health of the general public, and the health of the working population, and by conflicting interests among workers, and even within the individual worker, as in the case of “fetal protection” policies. The authors emphasize the positive use of scientific information and respect for human dignity in resolving these conflicts.

Legal and Ethical Problems of Street Gang Work

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Solomon Kobrin
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Problem ◽  
Legal Problem ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Street Gang ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Law ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

As a new technique in the control of juvenile delinquency, street gang work raises a singularly knotty problem involving legal and ethical considerations. Since successful street work is based on the trust and confidence established between the worker and his gang boys, the worker often has knowledge of their of fenses. Disclosure of such information to the police impairs the relationship; nondisclosure creates the ethical problem of abet ting delinquency and the legal problem of accessory after the fact. Two proposed solutions to this dilemma are (1) accepting it as unavoidable and (2) extending the right of privileged com munication to the social work profession. However, a third solution is suggested, based on the fact that the ethical and legal dilemma encountered in street gang work stems from the worker's own ambiguity regarding observance of the law. On the assump tion that the younger, less criminally sophisticated groups are the more appropriate targets of street work, the worker's unquali fied commitment to observance of the law supports rather than impedes his work with gangs.

CORRELATION BETWEEN HAND LENGTH AND FOOT LENGTH IN HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS OF F H MEDICAL COLLEGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-36
Author(s):  
Chetna Thakur ◽  
Bhawani Shankar Modi ◽  
Tejendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hand Length ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Human beings are considered to be bilaterally symmetrical. However, there is no symmetry in the length of the feet irrespective of sex or handedness. The hand length could predict bodyweight and body surface area independent of the sex of the individual. But there was no so much data available in the literature showing the relationship between hand length and foot length. Aim and objective: The present study was conducted to derive the correlation between hand length and foot length and the results demonstrate that there was highly signicant correlation between them. Material and Methods:Across sectional study was carried out on 200 healthy and normal adult professional students of either sex (100 Male and 100 Female), age between 18-25 years. Result:the hand length and foot length were compared between the right and left sides, the data showed that the signicant difference between males and females on both sides was highly signicant for all the parameters measured with p value < 0.01 Conclusion:The results of current study indicate that if the hand length is known, foot length can be predicted and if the foot length is known, hand length can be predicted and vice versa.

Sacrifice in Kierkegaard's Fear and Trembling

1975 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Fleming Crocker
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Divine Command ◽  
Essential Nature ◽  
Fear And Trembling ◽  
Right Relationship ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

In Kierkegaard's hands the story of Abraham and Isaac is clearly a story about the relationship between the life of sacrifice and the religious life. By leading us on to deeper and deeper levels of sacrifice, he aims to make us grasp the essential nature of faith and, with it, the right relationship between the individual and God. He does this by means of a dialectic involving Abraham's response to God in contrast to (1) the other possible responses he might have made, and (2) Kierkegaard's own response to what he believed was the divine command to break his engagement to Regina Olsen.

scholarly journals Otwartość na dar stworzenia

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Jarosław Moskałyk
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Human Community ◽  
The Future ◽  
Human Desire ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

An important duty of man is proper communication and relativity to creation. This is due to the unique situation of our being “in the middle” and our vocation to go out “in the opposite direction”. However, personal faith in God becomes a particularly ennobling factor, as it somehow deepens the human desire for closeness and solidarity with the whole created reality. Through true openness to the visible world, we learn more about the relationship between the individual and the community, as well between the human community and the whole creation. Ultimately, we are trying to take up the challenge of dealing responsibly with nature as a unique value today and with the right to continue in the future.

scholarly journals Multi-Hops Functional Connectivity Improves Individual Prediction of Fusiform Face Activation via a Graph Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongya Wu ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Jun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Face Area ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Brain connectivity plays an important role in determining the brain region’s function. Previous researchers proposed that the brain region’s function is characterized by that region’s input and output connectivity profiles. Following this proposal, numerous studies have investigated the relationship between connectivity and function. However, this proposal only utilizes direct connectivity profiles and thus is deficient in explaining individual differences in the brain region’s function. To overcome this problem, we proposed that a brain region’s function is characterized by that region’s multi-hops connectivity profile. To test this proposal, we used multi-hops functional connectivity to predict the individual face activation of the right fusiform face area (rFFA) via a multi-layer graph neural network and showed that the prediction performance is essentially improved. Results also indicated that the two-layer graph neural network is the best in characterizing rFFA’s face activation and revealed a hierarchical network for the face processing of rFFA.

scholarly journals The Development of Religious and Philosophical Anthropological Paradigm in Soviet Philosophy in 1985–1991: A Historical and Philosophical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Oleg A. Ustinov
Keyword(s):  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Soviet Philosophy ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
Constructive Dialogue ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Origin Of Man ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the religious-philosophical anthropological paradigm in Soviet philosophy during the years of perestroika. It was during this period that Soviet idealist philosophers, forced to work under the conditions of a “scientific underground” for seven decades, first gained the right to participate legally in academic discussions. They substantiated the idea of man as a divine immortal being called to deification, restored, and approved in the official discourse the religious-philosophical anthropological model, either reinterpreting it according to the samples of Byzantine patristics, or synthesizing it with oriental beliefs. The article reconstructs and analyzes the basic provisions of this paradigm: ideas about the origin of man, the relationship of soul and body, free will, the meaning and purpose of life, the relationship between the individual and society. It is concluded that the development of late Soviet religious and philosophical anthropological thought was determined by the tendency to self-isolation, associated with the actual refusal of its supporters from a constructive dialogue with adherents of materialistic teachings, and, consequently, the refusal to develop a synthesized concept of man. Adherents of the religious-philosophical approach expressed the hope that Christian anthropology would be taken as the basis for all philosophical developments of the future. However, contrary to their plans, this paradigm did not acquire a dominant position in modern Russian philosophy, and remained an object of interest for historians of philosophy and not for experts in philosophical anthropology and social philosophy.

Bringing Machiavelli and Kant Back in on Morality and World Politics

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-307
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Categorical Imperative ◽  
World Politics ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Perpetual Peace ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

This article is an attempt to understand the idea of morality in two of the most influential philosophers Niccolo Machiavelli ( The Prince and Discourses) and Immanuel Kant ( Perpetual Peace and Metaphysical Elements of Justice). Machiavelli and Kant are chosen because both of them are the most cherished philosophers in their fields. Machiavelli’s name is associated with realism, and he got a bad name because of his alleged cruel advice to maintain the state. His name is equalled with cunningness, murder, treachery. On the other hand, Kant is the founding figure of idealism in politics. His focus on categorical imperative and human capabilities to attain the higher moral goals made him one of the most well-known philosophers on idealism. To understand the ethical problems of the day emphasis is given to the classic writings of scholars who have written extensively on morality, justice, state, power, human rights and individual freedom. This article is an attempt to answer the following questions: Is the state in itself a highest moral actor? Can there be an individual morality above the state? What should be the yardstick to judge an act—the act in itself or the outcome of the act? What are the duties and rights of the individual in domestic society and can there be a similarity of morality at the level of political leaders in international politics? The paper argues that both Machiavelli and Kant were dealing with different contexts and societies, and morality for them had different meanings. However, the end justifies the means dictum is not the right way to understand Machiavelli on morality.

Ethical conflicts and their characteristics among critical care nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 537-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Lluch-Canut ◽  
Carlos Sequeira ◽  
Anna Falcó-Pegueroles ◽  
José António Pinho ◽  
Albina Rodrigues-Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Moral Dilemma ◽  
Critical Care Nurses ◽  
Ethical Conflict ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Ethical Conflicts ◽  
Problematic Situations ◽  
The University

Introduction: Ethical conflict is a phenomenon that has been under study over the last three decades, especially the types moral dilemma and moral distress in the field of nursing care. However, ethical problems and their idiosyncrasies need to be further explored. Aim: The objectives of this study were, first, to obtain a transcultural Portuguese-language adaptation and validation of the Ethical Conflict Nursing Questionnaire–Critical Care Version and, second, to analyse Portuguese critical care nurses’ level of exposure to ethical conflict and its characteristics. Methods: A cross-cultural validation and descriptive, prospective and correlational study. The sample was made for 184 critical care nurses in 2016. Ethical Considerations: The study was authorised by Bioethics Commission of the University of Barcelona, the Associaçâo de Apoio ao Serviço de Cuidados Intensivos do Centro Hospitalar do Porto and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental. Findings: The Portuguese version of the Ethical Conflict Nursing Questionnaire–Critical Care Version was a valid and reliable instrument to measure exposure to conflict. Moral outrage was the most common type of conflict. The most problematic situations were the ineffectiveness of analgesic treatments, the administration of treatments considered futile and the mismanagement of resources.

Information Technology in Franchising

2011 ◽  
pp. 2016-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye-Sho Chen ◽  
Grace Hua ◽  
Bob Justis
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Local Distribution ◽  
It Infrastructure ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Bill Gates ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Franchising is “a business opportunity by which the owner (producer or distributor) of a service or a trademarked product grants exclusive rights to an individual for the local distribution and/or sale of the service or product, and in return receives a payment or royalty and conformance to quality standards. The individual or business granting the business rights is called the franchisor, and the individual or business granted the right to operate in accordance with the chosen method to produce or sell the product or service is called the franchisee.” (Justis & Judd, 2002) Information technology (IT) has been widely used in today’s businesses. In his best seller, Business @ the Speed of Thought, Bill Gates (1999) wrote: “Information Technology and business are becoming inextricably interwoven. I don’t think anybody can talk meaningfully about one without talking about the other.” Thus, to see how IT is used in franchising, one needs to know how franchising really works. The objective of this paper is to propose an attention-based IT infrastructure that can cultivate the relationship building between the franchisors and their franchisees which will ultimately lead to the success of the franchise organizations.

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