Physiognomic Cues to Age and the Activation of Stereotypes of the Elderly in Interaction

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Lee Hummert
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Negative Results

This article reports the results of a study on the relationship between physiognomic cues to age and the activation of positive versus negative stereotypes of elderly individuals in interaction. Predictions were based upon a model of the role of elderly stereotypes in interaction. One group of undergraduates sorted photographs of elderly adults into four age categories, fifty-five to sixty-four, sixty-five to seventy-four, seventy-five and older, and other. Those photographs that were placed in the same age category by two-thirds or more of the students were used as a pool for the second phase of the study. This process produced a set of twenty-four photographs, eight (4 male and 4 female) from each of the three elderly age groups. A second group of students paired these photographs with sets of traits describing ten stereotypes of elderly persons, some positive and some negative. Results indicated that, as predicted by the stereotype-communication model, participants associated the positive stereotypes of elderly individuals with young-old physiognomic characteristics, whereas they associated the negative ones with old-old physiognomy. The results also suggested that gender may be a component of some stereotypes, and that some physiognomic characteristics may be considered prototypical of particular stereotypes. These results illustrate the importance of passive nonverbal elements of the communication situation in the activation of stereotypes of elderly individuals in interaction.

Age and Typicality Judgments of Stereotypes of the Elderly: Perceptions of Elderly vs. Young Adults

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Lee Hummert
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Healthy Community ◽  
Young Old

Healthy community-dwelling elderly individuals assessed the typicality and approximate age of individuals representing ten stereotypes of elderly people identified in prior research with young adults. Results showed that, as predicted, the elderly adults saw the stereotypes as less typical of elderly individuals than did the young adults, although both groups agreed on which stereotypes were most typical of the general elderly population. Analysis of age judgments revealed that the elderly respondents, in comparison to the young adults, were more likely to use the old-old age ranges to describe the stereotypes, and much less likely to associate the positive stereotypes with the young-old age ranges. Both elderly and young adults tended to associate negative stereotypes with the older elderly age ranges.

scholarly journals AGE AND SEXUAL CHANGES STRUCTURE OF GENES CYTOKINES NETWORKS IN RUSSIAN POPULATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Konenkov ◽  
V. F. Prokof'ev ◽  
A. V. Shevchenko ◽  
A. M. Chernyavskii ◽  
A. M. Karas'kov
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Growth Factor Gene ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Objective: to study frequencies of occurrence of the combined genetic attributes including different variants of cytokines genotypes (TNFA, IL1B, IL4, IL6, IL10, VEGF), in different on sexual  and age groups in population of Siberia Caucasoid. Material and methods. Frequencies of distribution of variants of structure genes cytokines networks  among 500 representatives of Siberia  Caucasian population, men and women  of  two age groups - more younger than 35 years ("young") and 55 and more years ("elderly") are  investigated. In structure of  investigated genes cytokines net  has come 10 variants of polymorphic sites of cytokines genes and  vascular endothelial growth factor gene: TNFА-863 C→A, TNFА-308 G→A, TNFА-238 G→A, IL1B-31 С→T, IL4-590 С→T, IL6-174 G→C, IL10-1082 G → A, IL10-592 А→С, VEGF-2578 C→A and VEGF+936 С→T. Genotyping are carried out by  restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Processing of results carried out on the basis of the original methodological approach including the complex connected computer analysis of genic circuits of various dimension. Results and conclusions. It is shown, that the significant part of variants genes cytokines networks, which   widely distributed among young people is completely absent in the "elderly" age group. Such variants disappearing with age separately for men and women are established. At the program mathematical analysis it is established, that parameters of the odds ratio  achieve two-place sizes (OR =27, p =0,0004), that testifies to high specificity of complex genetic attributes. Presence in genome such variants of genes cytokines networks  , found out in the childhood or young age, as supposed, is unfavorable personalized prognostic factors of life span of the individual. 

scholarly journals The Role of Biomarkers in the Assessment of Fragility Syndrome in the Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Ana Popa ◽  
Anatolie Negară ◽  
Gabriela Șoric ◽  
Ion Sîrbu ◽  
Ana Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Population Studies ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Multidimensional Concept ◽  
New Strategies

Abstract Fragility is an important concept in geriatric medicine, and the study of its etiology has become a fundamental aspiration of many researchers in the field of aging(1) Fried’s model of defining fragile individuals has been praised for reproducibility and clinical consistency and has been validated despite negative results from large population studies. This index based on physical parameters evaluates only one aspect of frailty, while frailty is probably a complex, multidimensional concept(2). Therefore, new strategies for identifying and assessing frailty in the elderly are needed. The use of biomarkers as new methods for diagnosing frailty could ensure greater accuracy in the detection of fragile subjects in the early stages(3). The aim of the paper was to evaluate the role of biomarkers in identifying people at high risk of frailty. The results of studies on biomarkers used to assess fragility were evaluated from the PubMed and Cochrane databases. Conclusion. It is considered that biomarkers may be useful for the management of fragile patients only in combination with several biomarkers or with a clinical marker.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SOCIAL SERVICE IN CARING FOR THE ELDERLY : A FIELD STUDY IN THE NURSING HOME OF AIN TÉMOUCHENT, ALGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (05) ◽  
pp. 01-10
Author(s):  
Mohammed BOURICHE ◽  
Linda Latifa BENMOHRA
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
The Social ◽  
Effective Role

Social service is one of the humanitarian professions, and an important topic, which carries in its folds, handling of many aspects, including, the elderly category and the reality of their livelihood in social care institutions and centers. This phenomenon has emerged in several societies, including the Algerian society. Through this study, we will try to know the role of social service in caring for the elderly residing in social shelters, or what is known as the home for elderly persons, in addition to identify the skills provided by social service owners for the elderly in the care center, and the reality of their life in these centers as well as most of the methods used by social service In helping the elderly, so that the forms were posed as follows: How can the social service play its effective role in caring for the elderly? What are the methods and methods used? From the aforementioned, it must be pointed out that any study cannot be scientific except on the basis of a specific and clear methodological method in order to complete the research. We have relied in our study on two important aspects, one that includes the origins and definitions, principles and characteristics, as well as the theories of social service The second part dealt with the field study, as well as presenting and analyzing the findings

scholarly journals Chinese preschoolers’ ownership reasoning based on first possession heuristic

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260335
Author(s):  
Zhanxing Li ◽  
Xiaoli Ni ◽  
Liqi Zhu ◽  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Labor Condition ◽  
Heuristic Study ◽  
The Stability

First possession is a common heuristic people use to solve property conflicts. Previous studies examined whether young children judged ownership based on the first possession heuristic and its stability when conflicting with other cues such as labor, but few focused on the effects in the discovery context. In this study, we used two discovery stories which indicate the discovered object was not owned by anyone beforehand and investigated ownership reasoning with the first possession heuristic in Chinese 3- to 6-year-old preschoolers. By pitting the first possession cue against the labor cue, we investigated the stability of the first possession heuristic in young children’s ownership reasoning. The results showed that in the condition where there was only the first possession cue, both the younger and older groups used the first possession heuristic to reason about ownership. However, in the labor condition, 5- and 6-year-olds ceased to support the first possessor and turned to assign objects to the laborer, whereas 3-year-old children still insisted on the first possession heuristic (Study 1 and Study 2). Children across four age groups did not assign ownership to the person who just played with the object but did not modify it (Study 2). The results demonstrate that Chinese preschoolers understand the role of first possession in ownership assignment at an early age in the discovery context but the elderly preschoolers do not rely on the first possession cue when there are conflicting cues such as labor.

Still Feeling Better? Trends in Self-Rated Health of Older Adults in the U.S

2020 ◽  
pp. 016402752096365
Author(s):  
Esther O. Lamidi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Over Time

Previous analyses showed an overall pattern of improvement in self-rated health of U.S. older adults in the 1980s and the 1990s, but it was uncertain if the declining shares of elderly persons reporting fair or poor health would continue over the next decades. Using the 2000–2018 pooled data from the National Health Interview Survey, this study examined recent trends in self-rated health of adults aged 45 and older. The results showed important variations in self-rated health trends across age groups. Between 2000 and 2018, the shares of adults aged 60 and above reporting fair or poor health declined significantly while self-rated health trends for middle-aged adults worsened over time. Educational and racial/ethnic differentials in self-rated health persisted over time but there were important group variations. To further improve the health of the elderly population, it is important to consider changing health disparities in later life.

scholarly journals Pedagogical rehabilitation of syllogomania as a type of deviant behavior of senior citizens

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00146
Author(s):  
Oksana Mosina ◽  
Oksana Us ◽  
Anna Lakreeva
Keyword(s):  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Medical Work ◽  
The Social

Syllogomania is a deviant behavior recognized as socially dangerous, since gathering turns the territory of a syllogoman into a dump of unnecessary things. Unsanitary conditions are difficult to be eliminated. The pathological gathering is studied by psychologists and medical psychiatrists. The research subject is behavioral deviations in old age associated with personality characteristics of the syllogoman; situations that initiated the development of this deviant behavior were described, the reasons for the development of syllogomania and the role of old things for elderly persons were analyzed. Recommendations for implementing pedagogical rehabilitation measures for elderly people prone to pathological gathering were given. The main task of pedagogical activities is reintegration of the elderly syllogoman into society, restoration of lost ties and resocialization. The leading areas of rehabilitation are restoration of the social status, family and social rights and obligations, self-care and hygiene skills, medical work.

Restorative Management of the Elderly Patient

2003 ◽  
Vol os10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Graham Gilmour ◽  
Claire L Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Periodontal Breakdown ◽  
Dental Management ◽  
Younger Age

It is predicted that geriatric patients will dramatically increase in number within our working lives. Although they are considered to demand treatment less frequently than the younger age groups, there are specific issues that need to be considered when providing dental treatment for these patients. The term gerodontics has been coined to describe this subject. The need to consider family relationships and the role of carers may play a greater part in their dental management than that of the general population. As well as oral disease, the incidence of general disease is higher in this population, as is the amount of medication prescribed to treat it; these factors often complicate dental management. Special problems that will have a high dental impact on the geriatric patient may be lack of adaptive potential, poor plaque control, root caries, periodontal breakdown and levels of toothwear.

Nutritional supplements in the Ambulatory Elderly Population: Patterns of Use and Requirements

DICP ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 490-495 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Older persons are thought to be the most frequent consumers of vitamin and mineral supplements. In this review, the use of nutritional supplements by the elderly was found to be common but was not greatly different from other age groups. Elderly persons living in Dunedin, Florida, reported nutritional supplement use less frequently than a random sample of registered nurses. Neither the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council nor the World Health Organization has recognized the need for increasing the vitamin and mineral allowances for healthy elderly adults above those recommended for healthy young adults. It is important to recognize, however, that the elderly are at greater risk of developing nutritional deficiencies as a result of acute and chronic diseases, drug use, and social isolation, and they require careful monitoring.

Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Suicide in Elderly Populations in British Columbia: An 11-Year Review

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 829-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Oluwafemi Agbayewa ◽  
Stephen A Marion ◽  
Sandi Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
And Migration

Objective: The effects of socioeconomic factors on suicide rates in the general population are widely documented. Few of these reports have specifically studied the effects of socioeconomic variables on suicide rates in the elderly population. Elderly persons have the highest suicide rates of any age-group. This group is different from the rest of the population insofar as suicide is concerned. For example, since most elderly persons are no longer in the labour force, it would be expected that they would be affected differently by economic factors such as unemployment. We report the findings of an ecological study of old-age suicide in British Columbia over an 11-year period. Methods: We obtained information on all suicide counts (International Classification of Diseases [ICD-9] codes E590–959) recorded in the 21 health units of British Columbia over the 11-year period from October 1, 1981, to September 30, 1991, from the Division of Vital Statistics of the Province of British Columbia and Statistics Canada. Social, economic, and demographic information for the health units was obtained from census data and included the number of persons per household, proportion of the population that lived in 1-person households, immigration and migration rates for each region, proportion of the population with less than grade 9 education, proportion with less than grade 12 certification, marital status rates, unemployment rates by gender, average household income, average census family income, and labour-force participation rate by gender. We calculated overall and gender-specific suicide rates for elderly persons (65 years and older) and younger populations. Using Poisson regression analyses, we determined the cross-sectional and longitudinal relative risks associated with the socioeconomic variables for the units, and we also examined trends in suicide rates. Results: There were 4630 suicides in the 11-year period. The mean suicide rate (per 100 000 population) for those over age 9 years was 18.6 (between health unit SD 5.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 17.0–20.2). The elderly have a higher suicide rate in every region. The male suicide rates (mean = 26.9, SD 6.4, 95% CI = 24.0–30.0) are higher than female rates (mean = 7.5, SD 1.7, 95% CI = 6.8–8.3) in every region. The factors influencing suicides were different for elderly males and elderly females. In all analyses, suicide rates in elderly females remained essentially stable across age-groups and units and over the years. Elderly male suicide rates varied across units and age-groups and over the years. Conclusions: Suicide rates are highest in males over age 74 years. There are regional differences in elderly suicide rates and the factors that influence them. Longitudinal and cross-sectional risk factors differ, and there are gender differences in the risk factors. For both elderly males and females, suicide rates appear to be influenced by social factors in the population as a whole, not just in the elderly population. Male and female employment patterns are associated with elderly male suicide rates, even though the latter are not in the labour force. For suicide in elderly women the important factors are population education, income, and migration levels.

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