scholarly journals Emotional Tone, Analytical Thinking, and Somatosensory Processes of a Sample of Italian Tweets During the First Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Monzani ◽  
Laura Vergani ◽  
Silvia Francesca Maria Pizzoli ◽  
Giulia Marton ◽  
Gabriella Pravettoni
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
Emotional Tone ◽  
Analytical Thinking ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Psycholinguistic Variables

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is a traumatic individual and collective chronic experience, with tremendous consequences on mental and psychological health that can also be reflected in people’s use of words. Psycholinguistic analysis of tweets from Twitter allows obtaining information about people’s emotional expression, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes, which are particularly important in traumatic events contexts. OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze the influence of official Italian COVID-19 daily data (new cases, deaths, and hospital discharges) and the phase of managing the pandemic on how people expressed emotions and their analytical thinking and somatosensory processes in Italian tweets written during the first phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. METHODS We retrieved 1,697,490 Italian COVID-19–related tweets written from February 24, 2020 to June 14, 2020 and analyzed them using LIWC2015 to calculate 3 summary psycholinguistic variables: emotional tone, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes. Official daily data about new COVID-19 cases, deaths, and hospital discharges were retrieved from the Italian Prime Minister's Office and Civil Protection Department GitHub page. We considered 3 phases of managing the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. We performed 3 general models, 1 for each summary variable as the dependent variable and with daily data and phase of managing the pandemic as independent variables. RESULTS General linear models to assess differences in daily scores of emotional tone, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes were significant (F<sub>6,104</sub>=21.53, <i>P</i>&lt;.001, R<sup>2</sup>= .55; F<sub>5,105</sub>=9.20, <i>P</i>&lt;.001, R<sup>2</sup>= .30; F<sub>6,104</sub>=6.15, <i>P</i>&lt;.001, R<sup>2</sup>=.26, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic affects how people express emotions, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes in tweets. Our study contributes to the investigation of pandemic psychological consequences through psycholinguistic analysis of social media textual data.

‘Stat’ workflow modifications to expedite care after needlestick injuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Smith ◽  
R Banerjee ◽  
D R Linkin ◽  
E P Schwab ◽  
P Saberi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Needlestick Injuries ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Abstract Background Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is recommended to start within hours of needlestick injuries (NSIs) among healthcare workers (HCWs). Delays associated with awaiting the results of testing from the source patient (whose blood was involved in the NSI) can lead to psychological consequences for the exposed HCW as well as symptomatic toxicities from empiric PEP. Aims After developing a ‘stat’ (immediate) workflow that prioritized phlebotomy and resulting of source patient bloodwork for immediate handling and processing, we retrospectively investigated whether our new workflow had (i) decreased HIV order-result interval times for source patient HIV bloodwork and (ii) decreased the frequency of HIV PEP prescriptions being dispensed to exposed HCWs. Methods We retrospectively analysed NSI records to identify source patient HIV order-result intervals and PEP dispensing frequencies across a 6-year period (encompassing a 54-month pre-intervention period and 16-month post-intervention period). Results We identified 251 NSIs, which occurred at similar frequencies before versus after our intervention (means 3.54 NSIs and 3.75 NSIs per month, respectively). Median HIV order-result intervals decreased significantly (P &lt; 0.05) from 195 to 156 min after our intervention, while the proportion of HCWs who received one or more doses of PEP decreased significantly (P &lt; 0.001) from 50% (96/191) to 23% (14/60). Conclusion Using a ‘stat’ workflow to prioritize source patient testing after NSIs, we achieved a modest decrease in order-result intervals and a dramatic decrease in HIV PEP dispensing rates. This simple intervention may improve HCWs’ physical and psychological health during a traumatic time.

scholarly journals Income Inequality Affects the Psychological Health of Only the People Facing Scarcity

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1911-1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Sommet ◽  
Davide Morselli ◽  
Dario Spini
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
National Income ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

Following the status-anxiety hypothesis, the psychological consequences of income inequality should be particularly severe for economically vulnerable individuals. Oddly, however, income inequality is often found to affect vulnerable low-income and advantaged high-income groups equally. We argue that economic vulnerability is better captured by a financial-scarcity measure and hypothesize that income inequality primarily impairs the psychological health of people facing scarcity. First, repeated cross-sectional international data (from the World Values Survey: 146,034 participants; 105 country waves) revealed that the within-country effect of national income inequality on feelings of unhappiness was limited to individuals facing scarcity (≈25% of the World Values Survey population). Second, longitudinal national data (Swiss Household Panel: 14,790 participants; 15,595 municipality years) revealed that the within-life-course effect of local income inequality on psychological health problems was also limited to these individuals (< 10% of the Swiss population). Income inequality by itself may not be a problem for psychological health but, rather, may be a catalyst for the consequences of financial scarcity.

scholarly journals O Abuso de Álcool na Gestação e a Saúde Física e Psicológica do Bebê: Um Olhar Psicanalítico

REVISTA PLURI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Veridiana Canezin Guimarães ◽  
Regiane Ribeiro ◽  
Tuanne Sousa ◽  
Audinéia Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Excessive Consumption ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
The Relationship

O presente estudo tem como objetivo pesquisar o consumo excessivo de álcool pelas gestantes e o comportamento dos bebês recém-nascidos, abordando consequências fisiológicas e psicológicas, visando também o tratamento e a prevenção. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, que investigou a relação entre o consumo de álcool pelas gestantes e a saúde física e psicológica dos bebês, tendo como referência teórica estudos psicanalíticos da relação mãe-bebê.Palavras-Chave: Abuso de álcool. Gravidez. PsicanáliseAbstractThe present study aims to investigate the excessive consumption of alcohol by pregnant women and the behavior of newborn babies, addressing physiological and psychological consequences, as well as treatment and prevention. This is a bibliographical research that will investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption by pregnant women and the physical and psychological health of the babies, having as theoretical reference psychoanalytic studies of the mother-baby relationship.Keywords: Alcohol abuse. Pregnancy. Psychoanalysis.

scholarly journals Income Inequality Affects the Psychological Health Only of the People Facing Scarcity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Sommet
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
National Income ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
Swiss Population ◽  
The Status ◽  
International Data

Following the “status anxiety hypothesis,” the psychological consequences of income inequality should be particularly severe for economically vulnerable individuals. However, oddly, income inequality is often found to affect vulnerable low-income and advantaged high-income groups equally. We argue that economic vulnerability is better captured by a financial scarcity measure and hypothesize that income inequality primarily impairs the psychological health of people facing scarcity. First, repeated cross-sectional international data (WVS: 146,034 participants; 105 country-waves) revealed that the within-country effect of national income inequality on feelings of unhappiness was limited to individuals facing scarcity (≈ 25% of the WVS population). Second, longitudinal national data (SHP: 14,790 participants; 15,595 municipality-years) revealed that the within-life-course effect of local income inequality on psychological health problems was also limited to these individuals (&lt; 10% of the Swiss population). Income inequality by itself may not be a problem for psychological health but rather a catalyst for the consequences of scarcity.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF PARENTAL ATTITUDE IN NEGATIVE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-143
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Parental Attitude ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the manifestation of negative childhood experiences among the adult population of Ukraine with a focus on child-parent relationships and attitude, which could lead to certain negative early memories, and have traumatic psychological consequences. Thus, the aim is to study children's negative memories of adult respondents with different types of parental attitudes, which the latter encountered during childhood. With the help of modification of the original questionnaire ACE (Adverse childhood experience) questionnaire a qualitative and quantitative analysis have been conducted on the types of psychological traumas, their prevalence and intensity among the respondents, as well as significant relationships between them. Compared with previous studies on this issue, this research covers the older generation of respondents, so we are able to explore the features of traumatic psychological memories of people who passed the stage of childhood in about 30 years ago. In the article it is presented a rating of the most and least harmful and dangerous events for the psychological health of the child, and their negative consequences in adult life, provides assumptions about the causal connections, as well as substantiates the results. In combination with the data obtained from the questionnaire of child-parental attitude, developed by A.Ya. Varga and V. V. Stolin, we have found the correlations with some of negative psychological experience in childhood. A broader picture of how the type of control and level of distance, patterns of behavior, attitudes, perceptions and responses of adults, such as infantilization, rejection, ignoring, inability to give a sense of security and equality, independence and freedom, love and respect, to see the child as a person with his own thoughts, needs, etc., inherent in specific memories of emotional neglect and physical violence have been presented. Thus, the results have showed the relevance of research in this area.

scholarly journals Psychological consequences of social isolation and quarantine: Issues related to COVID-19 restrictions

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 778-783
Author(s):  
Marc Jurblum ◽  
Chee H Ng ◽  
David J Castle
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Potential Impact

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the stark reality of city lockdowns, mass quarantines and social isolation worldwide. The importance of social isolation and quarantine measures to reduce community transmission of COVID-19 must be balanced against the potential impact on the psychological health of the population. Objective The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the psychological and social impacts of human isolation, how these may present and approaches to identifying and mitigating these effects. Discussion Quarantine has been associated with increased rates of suicide, anger, acute stress disorder, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, with symptoms continuing even years after quarantine ends. There are several predisposing risk factors including the inhabited environment, unique aspects of assessment as well as phenomena seen specifically among groups facing isolation together. The article provides management strategies for the general practitioner as well as indicators for referral to further psychological supports.

The Independent Influence of Physical Inactivity and Obesity on Health Complaints in 6th to 10th Grade Canadian Youth

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Janssen ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
William F. Boyce ◽  
William Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Canadian Youth ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Background:The purpose of this study was to examine the independent influence of physical inactivity and obesity on health complaints in school-aged youth.Methods:The findings are based on Canadian records from the 2001-2002 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Survey. The study cohort consisted of 5673 youth in grades 6 to 10. Body weight and height (used to calculate body mass index and adiposity level), physical activity, and somatic (physical) and psychological health complaints were measured by questionnaire. General linear models were used to characterize the associations between physical activity and adiposity with somatic and psychological health complaints.Results:In boys and girls, adiposity level alone was independently associated with somatic health complaints, whereas both physical activity level and adiposity level were independently associated with psychological health complaints.Conclusion:The findings suggest that the prevention and treatment of both physical inactivity and obesity are important in school-aged youth.

Should Subjects Be Forewarned of the Possible Psychological Consequences of Filling Out a PTSD Questionnaire?

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-465
Author(s):  
Caspar Berghout ◽  
Joost van Ginkel ◽  
Nikolaj Groeneweg ◽  
Han Israels ◽  
Arnoud Kas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abused Women ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Long Term Consequences

In 1993 Albach investigated the long-term consequences of sexual abuse on psychological health. A group of abused women and a control group of non-abused women were asked to fill in a questionnaire assessing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). For ethical reasons, the abused women were warned that filling in the questionnaire might be emotionally stressful. The control group did not receive this warning. The abused women scored higher on the questionnaire than the non-abused women. The warning they received may have influenced their reports. Our experiment investigated this 101 psychology students were divided into two groups, one who received a warning and a control group who did not. The hypothesis was that people who had been previously warned would score higher on a PTSD questionnaire than people who had not. There were, however, no significant differences in mean PTSD scores and no known initial differences between groups.

scholarly journals Abundance indices for long-lived tropical snappers: estimating standardized catch rates from spatially and temporally coarse logbook data

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 618-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross J. Marriott ◽  
Michael F. O'Neill ◽  
Stephen J. Newman ◽  
Craig L. Skepper
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Trap Fishery ◽  
Annual Time Series ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Catch Rates ◽  
Annual Time

Abstract The Northern Demersal Scalefish Fishery has historically comprised a small fleet (≤10 vessels year−1) operating over a relatively large area off the northwest coast of Australia. This multispecies fishery primarily harvests two species of snapper: goldband snapper, Pristipomoides multidens and red emperor, Lutjanus sebae. A key input to age-structured assessments of these stocks has been the annual time-series of the catch rate. We used an approach that combined Generalized Linear Models, spatio-temporal imputation, and computer-intensive methods to standardize the fishery catch rates and report uncertainty in the indices. These analyses, which represent one of the first attempts to standardize fish trap catch rates, were also augmented to gain additional insights into the effects of targeting, historical effort creep, and spatio-temporal resolution of catch and effort data on trap fishery dynamics. Results from monthly reported catches (i.e. 1993 on) were compared with those reported daily from more recently (i.e. 2008 on) enhanced catch and effort logbooks. Model effects of catches of one species on the catch rates of another became more conspicuous when the daily data were analysed and produced estimates with greater precision. The rate of putative effort creep estimated for standardized catch rates was much lower than estimated for nominal catch rates. These results therefore demonstrate how important additional insights into fishery and fish population dynamics can be elucidated from such “pre-assessment” analyses.

scholarly journals Financial Strain and Loneliness among Young Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Psychosocial Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6942
Author(s):  
Tehila Refaeli ◽  
Netta Achdut
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Cognitive Social Capital

The COVID-19 (2019 novel coronavirus) pandemic, which has been accompanied by an economic crisis and multiple restrictions on our lives, has sparked renewed interest in the topic of loneliness as well as its determinants. We examined (1) the association between financial strain, occurring upon the outbreak of the virus, and loneliness among Israeli young people (aged 20–35); (2) the associations between cognitive social capital, psychological resources, and loneliness; and (3) whether these social and psychological resources were moderators in the financial strain–loneliness link. A real-time survey based on snowball sampling was conducted during April 2020 (N = 426). Hierarchical linear models were employed to explore associations between financial strain, cognitive social capital, psychological resources, and loneliness. Financial strain emerging during the pandemic was associated with greater loneliness. Cognitive social capital and optimism decreased loneliness. Sense of mastery moderated the financial strain–loneliness link. Policymakers must develop and extend mental health initiatives aimed at alleviating the psychological consequences of the pandemic and must also combat financial strain via unemployment compensation and social assistance programs. In line with the United Nations sustainable development goals, these tasks should be viewed as an integral part of promoting public health.

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