Architecture of the Chilean Epidemiologic Surveillance System for Mandatory Reporting of Infectious Diseases: EPIVIGILA (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Taramasco ◽  
Carla Rimassa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Living System ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Database Construction ◽  
Epidemiologic Surveillance ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
National Norms

UNSTRUCTURED Epidemiologic surveillance incorporates technology to provide safe, fast and trustworthy digital solutions for the control of public health and is especially efficacious in the Mandatory Reporting of Infectious Diseases. These are listed according to international agreements and national norms. The enforceability of the declaration must be accompanied by adequate processes for a timely, clear, sure and true way, from the start when a consultant is met by a health professional (notifier) until the declaration is reported to the Health Authority so as to make decisions which will impact the public health of a territory. Among the processes used to fulfill this declaration are the manual mode or a totally technologized method. The aggressive propagation force of some diseases imposes incorporating technological advances to provide information in real time, so a manual method is discarded as it is absolutely inefficient. The purpose of this article is to describe the architecture of the EPIVIGILA platform for Mandatory Reporting of Infectious Diseases, detailing the database construction process, its technologic analysis and its impact in the control of Chilean public health. EPIVIGILA’s strengths are the quality of its data and therefore the credibility of the provided information. This is achieved by a set of validations that decrease or annul possible errors. Its usefulness is constantly tested, as new diseases or the re-emergence of others are unforeseeable and, therefore, as a living system, it requires a recursive, progressive and constant learning process.

Assessing the quality of public health in the Russian Federation and Israel: Main problems and solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-632
Author(s):  
A.S. Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Subject. The article addresses the public health in the Russian Federation and Israel. Objectives. The focus is on researching the state of public health in Russia and Israel, using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) project methodology, identifying problem areas and searching for possible ways to improve the quality of health of the Russian population based on the experience of Israel. Methods. The study draws on the ideology of the GBD project, which is based on the Disability-Adjusted Life-Year (DALY) metric. Results. The paper reveals the main causes of DALY losses and important risk factors for cancer for Russia and Israel. The findings show that the total DALY losses for Russia exceed Israeli values. The same is true for cancer diseases. Conclusions. Activities in Israel aimed at improving the quality of public health, the effectiveness of which has been proven, can serve as practical recommendations for Russia. The method of analysis, using the ideology of the GBD project, can be used as a tool for quantitative and comparative assessment of the public health.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Education for Public Health: A Practical Foundation for Solidarity

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Perkiö ◽  
R Harrison ◽  
M Grivna ◽  
D Tao ◽  
C Evashwich
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
Rigorous Evaluation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Professionals

Abstract Education is a key to creating solidary among the professionals who advance public health’s interdisciplinary mission. Our assumption is that if all those who work in public health shared core knowledge and the skills for interdisciplinary interaction, collaboration across disciplines, venues, and countries would be facilitated. Evaluation of education is an essential element of pedagogy to ensure quality and consistency across boundaries, as articulated by the UNESCO education standards. Our study examined the evaluation studies done by programs that educate public health professionals. We searched the peer reviewed literature published in English between 2000-2017 pertaining to the education of the public health workforce at a degree-granting level. The 2442 articles found covered ten health professions disciplines and had lead authors representing all continents. Only 86 articles focused on evaluation. The majority of the papers examined either a single course, a discipline-specific curriculum or a teaching method. No consistent methodologies could be discerned. Methods ranged from sophisticated regression analyses and trends tracked over time to descriptions of focus groups and interviews of small samples. We found that evaluations were primarily discipline-specific, lacked rigorous methodology in many instances, and that relatively few examined competencies or career expectations. The public health workforce enjoys a diversity of disciplines but must be able to come together to share diverse knowledge and skills. Evaluation is critical to achieving a workforce that is well trained in the competencies pertinent to collaboration. This study informs the pedagogical challenges that must be confronted going forward, starting with a commitment to shared core competencies and to consistent and rigorous evaluation of the education related to training public health professionals. Key messages Rigorous evaluation is not sufficiently used to enhance the quality of public health education. More frequent use of rigorous evaluation in public health education would enhance the quality of public health workforce, and enable cross-disciplinary and international collaboration for solidarity.

Running the Titan_Illumina_PE Workflow on Terra.bio v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill V Hagey ◽  
Kevin Libuit ◽  
Frank J Ambrosio ◽  
Technical Outreach and Assistance for States Team
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
File Format ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Video Instruction ◽  
The Public ◽  
Viral Genomics ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Primer Sequence

The Titan_Illumina_PE workflow is a part of the Public Health Viral Genomics Titan series for SARS-CoV-2 genomic characterization. Titan_Illumina_PE was written specifically to process Illumina paired-end (PE) read data. Input reads are assumed to be the product of sequencing tiled PCR-amplicons designed for the SARS-CoV-2 genome. The most common read data analyzed by the Titan_Illumina_PE workflow are generated with the ARTIC V3 protocol. However, alternative primer schemes such as the QIAseq Primer Panel are also suitable for this workflow. The primer sequence coordinates of the PCR scheme utilized must be provided in BED format along with the raw Illumina read data. Upon initiating a Titan_Illumina_PE job, the input primer scheme coordinates and raw paired-end Illumina read data provided for each sample will be processed to perform consensus genome assembly, infer the quality of both raw read data and the generated consensus genome, and assign lineage or clade designations as outlined in the Titan_Illumina_PE data workflow diagram below. Additional technical documentation for the Titan_Illumina_PE workflow is available at: https://public-health-viral-genomics-theiagen.readthedocs.io/en/latest/titan_workflows.html#titan-workflows-for-genomic-characterization Required input data for Titan Illumina PE: Illumina paired-end read data (forward and reverse FASTQ files per sample) Primer sequence coordinates of the PCR scheme utilized in BED file format Video Instruction: Theiagen Genomics: Titan Genomic Characterization https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zP9I1r6TNrw Theiagen Genomics: Titan Outputs QC https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Amb-8M71umw For technical assistance please contact us at: [email protected]

scholarly journals Increasing the public health potential of basic research and the scientist satisfaction. An international survey of bioscientists

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Scita ◽  
Carmen Sorrentino ◽  
Andrea Boggio ◽  
David Hemenway ◽  
Andrea Ballabeni
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Previous Survey ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Survey Results

Basic scientific research generates knowledge that has intrinsic value which is independent of future applications. Basic research may also lead to practical benefits, such as a new drug or diagnostic method.  Building on our previous study of basic biomedical and biological researchers at Harvard, we present findings from a new survey of similar scientists from three countries.  This survey asked about the scientists’ motivations, goals and perspectives along with their attitudes concerning  policies designed to increase both the practical (i.e. public health) benefits of basic research as well as their own personal satisfaction. Close to 900 basic investigators responded to the survey; results corroborate the main findings from the previous survey of Harvard scientists.  In addition, we find that most bioscientists disfavor present policies that require a discussion of the public health potential of their proposals in grants but generally favor softer policies aimed at increasing the quality of work and the potential practical benefits of basic research. In particular, bioscientists are generally supportive of those policies entailing the organization of more meetings between scientists and the general public, the organization of more academic discussion about the role of scientists in the society, and the implementation of a “basic bibliography” for each new approved drug.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL WARMING ON THE PUBLIC HEALTH INCREASING THE BACTERIAL CAUSING INFECTIOUS DISEASES PERFORMED BY EXPERIMENT: VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES INSECTS, TAIF, KSA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Sherifa Mostafa M. Sabra ◽  
Samar Ahamed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Tapinoma Sessile ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

The search conducted on "The impact of global warming (GW) on the public health (PH) increasing the bacterial causing infectious diseases (IDs) performed by experiment: Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) insects, Taif, KSA", the experiment used ants (Taif Tapinoma sessile), prepared, arranged appropriate nests and adjusted the temperature at (20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45°C), for a week of each zone. It revealed the behaviour as (normal, semi-normal and ab-normal), the mean of mortality rates were between (0-53.3%). The bacterial contents measured by the turbidity indicated the presence of multiplication, were between (0.109-0.328). The bacterial growth degrees by sings were between (+ - +++++) and percent between (12-100%). Colony Forming Unit/ml (CFU/ml) confined between (1.8X102-15.0X102)/mL. Through this experiment it turned out the GW had a significant role on the PH, helped the proliferation of bacterial pathogens that caused IDS. The conclusion wiped from the experiment that the extent degrees of GW disadvantages on the PH. The PH workers must take the "Preventive Health Prophylaxis Measures" (PHPMs) to protect the individuals from IDs by eliminating the VBDs of various types, monitoring the immunological situation of individuals, provided the vaccinations of IDs and preparing for complete PHPMs against any changes in the PH.

scholarly journals Educational Philosophy in the Effect of Globalization on Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Aslan Riyadh
Keyword(s):  
Educational Philosophy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The World ◽  
Rapid Flow ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
Negative Impacts

Technological advances due to the rapid flow of globalization, change the pattern of teaching in the world of education. The philosophy of education shows a vertical relationship, up or down with the branches of education. It is hoped that the public can better understand the importance of globalization so that the negative impacts that have an impact can be minimized and it is also hoped that the realization of positive activities towards education will be even better. Education contributing to the success of development in the agricultural sector is not solely determined by development in the technology sector but is determined by the development of the quality of human resources, aspects of human personality, which include knowledge, values, attitudes and skills. The influence of globalization encourages education in the agricultural sector to be increasingly encouraged by stakeholders to always be improved so that the agricultural sector becomes more productive.

Cauzele justificative și transmiterea unor boli infectocontagioase

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2020) ◽  
pp. 319-347
Author(s):  
Dorel HERINEAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Times ◽  
Near Future

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this article analyses some possibilities provided by the law in order to protect the public health or the health of an individual, respectively the commission of certain actions sanctioned by the criminal law under the incidence of the justification causes, with the consequence of their lack of criminal character. Whether it is the means of retaliation or rescue that can be used by a person facing the transmission of infectious diseases, the actions necessary to prevent or combat the pandemic that the law authorizes or the availability or not of a person's health as a social value, the situations that may appear in the near future in the legal practice have not been previously studied by the doctrine and have an element of novelty. Thus, the article makes, based on some theoretical exercises, a punctual analysis of some problems of application and interpretation that could intervene and for which are offered, most of the times, generic, principled landmarks, but also some concrete solutions on the incidence or exclusion from the application of the justification causes.

The Reality of Accessibility in the Public Health Systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 691-719
Author(s):  
Guillermo López Cala ◽  
Yolanda María de la Fuente Robles ◽  
Rosa María Fernández Alcalá
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Important Concept ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Information And Communication

This chapter deals with accessibility, a relevant and important concept for every citizen in the improvement of their quality of life in any environment or daily situation. Specifically, an empirical study about accessibility in the public health centers of a Basic Health Area (BHA) of Jaén is carried out. From this study, accessibility deficiencies in health buildings are revealed, and explicit proposals are provided with the aim of improving accessibility in different scopes such as information and communications. The improvement plans based on the use of Technology, Information, and Communication (TIC) tools help sensory disabled users that attend to the Health Center.

Smart City = Smart Citizen = Smart Economy?

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-180
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Frank ◽  
Gloria Aznar Fernández-Montesinos
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Public ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
City Population

With a rapidly growing world population, urban populations are estimated to increase significantly over the next decades. This trend is reason for concern since the planet's resources are limited, and climate change is inherent. This chapter focusses on the question about whether new technologies employed in smart cities can be the answer to current and future needs of a city population. Cutting-edge technological advances are reshaping our ecosystem; transforming society, living, and work environments; transport systems; energy grids; healthcare; communications; businesses; and education. How can cities respond to the multitude of challenges by employing technology and at the same time ensure the public well-being, improve the quality of life of city inhabitants, and make sure that the human is still at the center of decisions?

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