scholarly journals VARIASI TINGKAT KEMATIAN BAYI DAN HARAPAN HIDUP DI INDONESIA MENURUT PROPINSI: HASIL SENSUS PENDUDUK 1990

Populasi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasto Kasto
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Population Census ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

This study tries to investigate the infant mortality rate and life expectancy based on the 1990 Population Census, and to observe its variations among provinces that take place in the urban as well as in the rural areas of Indonesia. As a whole, the estimate of infant mortality rate and the expectation of life based on the 1990 Population Census is 69 per one thousand life births and 60 years for both urban and rural areas. The variation in the rural areas is larger than in the urban regions.During the period from 1980 to 1990 the infant mortality rate in Indonesia decreased by 4.29 percent annually. If this rate continued to increase till the end of 2000, the infant mortality rate by this time would be 45 per one thousand life births, whereas the expectation of life at birth would become 68 years.Many determinants of infant mortality rates should be taken into account to reduce the figures, particularly the coverage and the quality of the public health service which directly influences the child survival, as well as other determinants which indirectly,yet simultaneously, influence it.

Empirical analysis of factors influencing the public health expenditure in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kok Wooi Yap ◽  
Doris Padmini Selvaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Public Health Expenditure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Per Capita

This study aims to investigate the determinants of public health expenditure in Malaysia. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach proposed by Pesaran & Shin (1999) and Pesaran et al. (2001) is applied to analyse annual time series data during the period from 1970 to 2017. The study focused on four explanatory variables, namely per capita gross domestic product (GDP), healthcare price index, population aged 65 years and above, as well as infant mortality rate. The bounds test results showed that the public health expenditure and its determinants are cointegrated. The empirical results revealed that the elasticity of government health expenditure with respect to national income is less than unity, indicating that public health expenditure in Malaysia is a necessity good and thus the Wagner’s law does not exist to explain the relationship between public health expenditure and economic growth in Malaysia. In the long run, per capita GDP, healthcare price index, population aged more than 65 years, and infant mortality rate are the important variables in explaining the behaviour of public health expenditure in Malaysia. The empirical results also prove that infant mortality rate is significant in influencing public health spending in the short run. It is noted that macroeconomic and health status factors assume an important role in determining the public health expenditure in Malaysia and thus government policies and strategies should be made by taking into account of these aspects.

scholarly journals A study on transformation in infant mortality rates in India: mortality indicators as major tool for indicating status of nation’s health

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Chandramohan Reddy S. ◽  
Dharna Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Mortality is important to study population change in the country; infant mortality is considered as principal component balancing the child sex ratio. In this study authors aimed to analyze how mortality rates and child sex ratios are different in urban and rural areas and how its growth statistics are changing over years. Objectives of the study were to quantify infant mortality rates change over time and check the means among mortality indicators.Methods: The study was conducted using secondary data obtained from various issues and reports published by Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India for a period of 10 years from 2006 to 2016. The obtained data on mortality indicators were subjected to basic statistical analysis using percent change and paired t-test.Results: The Infant mortality rate which was reduced by 23 points indicating reduction of 67.65 percent control over a period from 2006 to 2016. Further, results show that, in case of urban mortality, there was significant difference between mortality indicators during study period, the p-value (0.011) was less than level of significance (0.05) so we reject the null hypothesis and it is concluded that there is significant difference between the means of urban mortality indicators over a period of from 2006 to 2016.Conclusions: The infant mortality rate frequently provided as a key indicator of overall the development. There is need for stable child sex ratio; health of children and women are essential for better growth and reaching stable child sex ratio for the ever increasing population.

scholarly journals The comparing of infant mortality rate in different World Health Organization regions during 1990–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firooz Esmaeilzadeh ◽  
Yousef Alimohamadi ◽  
Mojtaba Sepandi ◽  
Farzad Khodamoradi ◽  
Parisa Jalali
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Community Health Status

Abstract Background Infant mortality rate is an important index of community health status and mortality rate. It is also one of the most prominent indexes showing the development of various societies. Regarding the importance of infant mortality rate (IMR), the purpose of current study was to compare and trend analysis of IMR in different areas of the WHO during 1990–2017. In current ecological study, IMR per 1000 live births in different WHO regions from 1990 to 2017 data were derived from the WHO website. The required information included the data about IMR per 1000 live births in different WHO regions from 1990 to 2017. The analysis was performed by using descriptive and analytical methods. Results The IMR during the study period had a significant decreasing trend in all the regions (p < 0.001) but the slope of decrease was greater in Africa than in other regions. The African and European regions had the highest (55.7%) and lowest (17.2%) annual decrease in the infant mortality rate (from 106.3 cases in 1990 to 50.6 in 2017, and from 24.9 in 1990 to 7.7 in 2017), respectively. Conclusion Our results showed that the trend of IMR had a decreasing trend in all WHO regions. It can be due to improving the public health situation in different areas. But the identification of effective factors on IMR needs individuals based studies.

scholarly journals THE The Application Of E-MTBS To Increase The Quality Of Midwife Service In Giving Midwifery Care For Under Five Years Old Toddler

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1415-1421
Author(s):  
Muhasshanah Muhasshanah ◽  
Neny Yuli Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Midwifery Care ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Center Area

MTBS is one of the government’s efforts to reduce infant mortality rate. Most of sick toddler cases found in Situbondo regency are dealing with dengue fever and pneumonia, especially in Banyuputih Public Health Center area. One of the approaches to reduce the infant mortality rate is to consistently fill the MTBS format. However, due to limited manpower and the workload, medical personnel especially midwife could not optimally fill out the MTBS, so that toddler diseases could not be detected early. It is because the filling format and the reporting system of MTBS are not user friendly. The objective of this research is to develop MTBS implementation by using Information Technology System, in order to increase the quality of midwife service in giving midwifery care and reduce the infant mortality rate in Banyuputih Public Health Center area. This research generated a product in the form of information system called e-MTBS

scholarly journals Child Health Monitoring Description in MCTS at Ranuyoso PHC Lumajang

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Bettis Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Advanced Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Alternative Solutions

 Infant Mortality Rate in Lumajang was always higher than the infant mortality rate in East Java Province. Ranuyoso is a region with the highest infant mortality rate and AKABA in 2013 and 2014, with 33 and 22 deaths. The Government had implemented a program to improve the health and the consolidation scope is monitored by the Pemantauan Wilayah Setempat Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (PWS KIA). PWS KIA had not been going well according to its purpose as a tool for monitoring the KIA service coverage to increase the range and quality of KIA services. The purpose of this research was to describe the implementation of PWS KIA for indicators of child in Health Center of Ranuyoso which based on attributes of simplicity, acceptability, sensitivity, representativeness, data quality, timeliness and stability. This research used descriptive method evaluative with coordinator midwife, midwives health center and eight village midwives as the respondent. Description based on the attributes of surveillance system showed that PWS KIA indicator of child in Health Center of Ranuyoso was not simple, sensitive but not supported well by the midwives, the data were less quality, not timely and unstable. Alternative solutions to problems that had been found were to performing the advanced analysis to determine the causality amount variables by midwives, holding routine supervision from the senior midwives, procurement of SOP or guidebook for midwives, and computerizing the recording until reporting start from village midwives, also the making of the attendance and expeditions book to record the reporting date of midwives. Keywords: MCTS, attributes surveillance, child health monitoring

scholarly journals SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTOR RELATIONSHIP WITH INFANT SURVIVAL IN INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Yasmine Nurfirdaus ◽  
Philip Etabee Macdonald Bassey
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Survival ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Bivariable Analysis ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Child  survival  can  be reflected  in  the  presence  of  the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). Indonesia has an Infant Mortality  Rate  (IMR)  according to the 2017 IDHS, which reaches 24 deaths per 1000 live births. This figure has decreased compared to a survey conducted by the 2012 IDHS, where infant mortality reached 32 deaths per 1000 live births. Even though it experienced a decrease, the IMR in  Indonesia was higher when compared to the IMR in other Southeast Asian countries. Socioeconomic factors for individuals, families, and communities, including  the  influence  of  infant mortality. Not only that, but infant mortality can also be due to the absence of awareness  of  maternal  health. Thus,  this  study  aims to determine several  variables related to survival in infants in Indonesia. This type of research is a non-reactive study. This study uses quantitative analysis and a methodical approach with a cross-sectional approach that takes data from the 2017 IDHS. This study took a sample following the 2017 IDHS with the criteria  that mothers  who  had  babies  still  drank  breast  milk,  were  born  single,  and  were still alive after the first  three days in Indonesia. The number of respondents in this study was 7,599 mothers with babies. Analysis  of  the  research  data  using  Chi-Square  analysis.  Bivariable  analysis shows that  infants' survival  has  a  relationship  with  the mother's education, type of area, and  welfare level. However, infant survival  also  has  no  association  with  the  age of  the  mother  and birth attendants. Counseling pregnant women regarding risks, causes,

scholarly journals Infant mortality due to perinatal causes in Brazil: trends, regional patterns and possible interventions

2001 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Gomes Victora ◽  
Fernando Celso Barros
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
The North ◽  
High Death

CONTEXT: Brazilian infant and child mortality levels are not compatible with the country's economic potential. In this paper, we provide a description of levels and trends in infant mortality due to perinatal causes and malformations and assess the likely impact of changing intermediate-level determinants, many of which are amenable to direct interventions through the health or related sectors. TYPE OF STUDY: Review paper. METHODS: Two main sources of mortality data were used: indirect mortality estimates based on censuses and surveys, and rates based on registered deaths. The latter were corrected for under-registration. Combination of the two sources of data allowed the estimation of cause-specific mortality rates. Data on current coverage of preventive and curative interventions were mostly obtained from the 1996 Demographic and Health Survey. Other national household surveys and Ministry of Health Statistics were also used. A thorough review of the Brazilian literature on levels, trends and determinants of infant mortality led to the identification of a large number of papers and books. These provided the background for the analyses of risk factors and potential interventions. RESULTS: The indirect infant mortality rate estimate for 1995-97 is of 37.5 deaths per thousand live births, about six times higher than in the lowest mortality countries in the world. Perinatal causes account for 57% of all infant deaths, and congenital malformations are responsible for 11.2% of these deaths. Mortality levels are highest in the Northeast and North, and lowest in the South and Southeast; the Center-West falls in between. Since surveys of the North region do not cover rural areas, mortality for this region may be underestimated. CONCLUSIONS: A first priority for the further reduction in infant mortality in Brazil is to improve equality among regions, since the North and Northeast, and particularly rural areas, still show very high death rates. Further reductions in infant mortality will largely depend on decreasing deaths due to perinatal causes. Improvements in the coverage and particularly in the quality of antenatal and delivery care are urgently needed. Another intervention with a potential important impact on infant mortality is the promotion of family planning. Improving birth weight might lead to an 8% reduction in infant mortality but the efficacy of available interventions is low.

scholarly journals MEDICO-SOCIAL ASSESSMENT OF REASONS AND RISK FACTORS OF INFANT MORTALITY RATE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE OMSK REGION)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Olesya G. Bogza ◽  
O. P. Goleva
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
And Control ◽  
New Criteria

The index of the infant mortality rate (IMR) is the integrated index of the quality of life, social and economic wellbeing of the society. In the Omsk region over the period of 2004-2013 there was noted the decline of IMR index by 34,5%. In 2012 there was recorded the specific gain of IMR by 38,9% in comparison with 2011 caused by the transition to new criteria of live birth. For the purpose of the study of medico-social factors of risk for the infant mortality occurrence in the Omsk region the factorial analysis was executed. The sample volume for the studied and control group accounted of 225 observations respectively. The performed factorial analysis allowed to reveal eight medico-social factors of risk for infant mortality. In a total generality of factors the greatest contribution is made by a neonatal factor (22,0%), on the second place there are medical factors (12,5%), the third place is taken by an obstetric factor (10,8%). Results of research of the signs filling factors allowed to develop a number of the organizational actions directed on the decrease in IMR.

The role of national rural health mission in reducing infant mortality rate in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Pandey ◽  
Arvind Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
National Rural Health Mission ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the role of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) in reducing Infant Mortality in India. The study will help the government in deciding its future course of action regarding the infant mortality rate (IMR) reduction in India. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts the interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) approach with a control group to study the role of NRHM in reducing the IMR in India. The authors examined infant mortality in rural areas of India for the level and trend change before and after the implementation of NRHM. The authors then applied a suitable ARMA model to estimate the coefficients of the regression model. From the estimated results, the study predicts the counterfactuals for both the rural IMR and urban IMR and plots the results. Findings The study found the evidence supporting the hypotheses that the NRHM has led to a reduction in the difference between urban IMR and rural IMR. The research shows that the rural IMR declined at steeper rates in the post-NRHM period (2005–2015). Originality/value None of the existing studies analyses the impact of a social scheme like NRHM on the reduction of IMR in India by applying the ITSA. The study is unique as it estimates the counterfactuals and plots the results which show the impact of NRHM on reducing IMR.

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