scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF BAUHINIA VAHLII Wt. and Arn. (CAESALPINIACEAE) ROOT – A BOTANICAL SOURCE FOR THE AYURVEDA DRUG MURVA

2019 ◽  
pp. 359-362
Author(s):  
KAMATCHI SUNDARA SARAVANAN ◽  
VARADHARAJAN MADHAVAN
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of Bauhinia vahlii Wt. and Arn. (Caesalpiniaceae) root, a botanical source for Murva (Ayurveda drug). Methods: Ethanol extract of B. vahlii root (EEBVR) and aqueous extract of B. vahlii root (AEBVR) prepared were subjected for acute toxicity study adopting Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines. Antidiabetic property of EEBVR and AEBVR was screened against Streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The diabetic animals were administered with standard drug glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg), EEBVR (200 and 400 mg/kg), and AEBVR (200 and 400 mg/kg) for 21 days. Fasting blood glucose, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, liver malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, and glycogen were estimated along with pancreatic histological analysis. Results: EEBVR (400 mg/kg) exerted a marked antidiabetic activity among the extracts at the tested doses, as evidenced by considerable reversal of biochemical parameters that were well supported by the histopathological interpretation of pancreas. Conclusion: This study confirms the antidiabetic potential of B. vahlii root and also its traditional claim in the use of DM.

Acute toxicity and antidiabetic activity of Asystacia gangetica leaf ethanol extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Ngozi Ezembu ◽  
Chioke Amaefuna Okolo ◽  
James Obiegbuna ◽  
Florence Chika Ikeogu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Different Doses

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the acute toxicity and antidiabetic activity of Asystacia gangetica leaf ethanol extract. Design/methodology/approach The study was designed as completely randomized in vivo experimental model. Where acute toxicity study was carried out using 30 albino mice, randomly assigned into six groups of five mice each. Toxicity signs and mortality were observed in the rats within a period of 24 h. The acute and sub-acute antidiabetic study was carried out using 50 rats, randomly assigned into five groups of 10 rats each. The rats’ blood glucose levels were determined and used to assess the acute and sub-acute antidiabetic activity of the extract. Findings Results obtained from the acute toxicity study indicated no death in any of the study groups, even at 5,000 mg/kg body weight and showed no signs of toxicity. The acute antidiabetic study showed that treatment with 400 mg/kg of the extract significantly (p = 0.01) lowered glucose level in the diabetic rats from 430.6 to 177.4 mg/dl while 800 mg/kg brought down glucose level from 370 to 144.2 mg/dl by the end of 6 h following administration when compared with the diabetic control group. It was observed that the effect of the extract mostly at 800 mg/kg also compared favorably with that of the standard drug (glibenclamide), which lowered glucose level in diabetic rats from 374.2 to 176.4 mg/dl. Furthermore, the significant reduction was evident from 4, 2 and 2 h for 400 mg/kg extract, 800 mg/kg extract and 5 mg/kg glibenclamide, respectively. At sub-acute level the blood glucose was lowered from 155.6 to 127.2 mg/dl, 137 to 124.4 mg/dl and 151.8 to 121.8 mg/dl for diabetic rats treated with 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg glibenclamide, respectively, when compared to the diabetic untreated rats, which ranged from 417.6 to 358.6 mg/dl. The biochemical profile, lipid profile and hematological examination were all positively restored near to normal with the herbal treatment at the different doses. At histopathology level, the liver of the rats treated with 400 mg/kg had moderate portal inflammation without interface or lobular hepatitis while that of 800 mg/kg showed severe portal inflammation with the interface and lobular hepatitis with extensive confluents necrosis. The pancreatic cells of the treated rat showed no significant difference in the β-cells of the islets of Langerhans with hyperplasia of the acinar cell when compared to the diabetic untreated. Research limitations/implications The record of no death and signs of toxicity implies that the extract is safe for consumption even at a high dosage of 5,000 mg/kg body weight. The significant (p = 0.01) reduction in the plasma glucose level of the treated rats as compared to the control is an indication of blood glucose-lowering potential of the extract at two different doses. The significant reduction evident of the extract at different hours and days for the two doses implies that the extract rate of lowering potentials is dose-dependent. The evidence of moderate-severe portal inflammation with the interface and lobular hepatitis at 800 mg/kg treatment is an indication that the intake of this herb at high dosage for long period is not safe for the liver tissue. Practical implications The outcome of this study suggested that the Asystacia gangetica should also be used as a vegetable in-home food preparation and food processing to use its antidiabetic effect. The herbal extract could also be incorporated into a food product and processed into herbal tea bag for convenient. The subjection of this herbal plant to heat treatment during processing could be a possible avenue to make it safe. Social implications The economic burden and complications of diabetes mellitus management will be reduced if the practical implication of this research finding is implemented in foods as vegetable and in functional food production. Originality/value This study revealed that Asystacia gangetica leaf extract may be safe and effective for use at a low dose for acute management of diabetes mellitus. This research may be of value to those living with diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic activity of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. leaf ethanol extract SNEDDS in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
Farida Hayati ◽  
Lutfi Chabib ◽  
Faiza Dea Sekarraras ◽  
Wan Syarifah Faizah
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Good Preparation

Abstract This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of SNEDDS of Pegagan Leaf Ethanol Extract (PLE) to reduce fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in zebrafish. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. or pegagan is among the medicinal plants widely used to treat diabetes in Indonesia. Maceration was employed with 70% ethanol to obtain a viscous extract for the formulation of SNEDDS with Capryol 90, Tween 80, and PEG 400 (1:6:3). Antihyperglycemic testing was conducted on five groups, consisting of normal, positive control, negative control, P I treatment, and P II treatment. On Day 1, all except the normal group was induced with 300 mg alloxan and soaked in 2% glucose solution for 7 days. On day 8, the treatment consisted of 25 mg/2 L metformin for the positive control, 100 mg/2 L SNEDDS for P I, 200 mg/2 L SNEDDS for P II, and no treatment for the negative control. The SNEDDS characterization obtained 100.6 ± 3.12 nm particle size and −7.93 ± 0.66 mV zeta potential, indicating that the SNEDDS had fulfilled the requirements of good preparation. The antidiabetic activity test found a 69.90% decline in FBG levels in 100 mg/2 L SNEDDS and 72.20% in 200 mg/2 L SNEDDS.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Activity ofPterospermum acerifoliumFlowers and Glucose Uptake Potential of Bioactive Fraction in L6 Muscle Cell Lines with Its HPLC Fingerprint

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rathinavelusamy Paramaguru ◽  
Papiya Mitra Mazumder ◽  
Dinakar Sasmal ◽  
Venkatesan Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint

The present study was designed to estimate the detailed antidiabetic activity ofPterospermum acerifolium(L.) Willd flowers.In vitroalpha amylase inhibition study was carried out on 50% ethanol extract of flowers (PAFEE) and its various fractions. The active ethyl acetate fraction (PAFEF) was subfractionated into three subfractions (PAFE1, PAFE2, and PAFE3) and subjected to acute toxicity studies followed by antidiabetic screeningin vivoby streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type II diabetes. Diabetic animals treated with PAFE2 (30 mg/kg) reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose, significantly (P<0.001) compared to that of diabetic control animals. Histological studies on drug treated groups did not show remarkable positive changes inβ-cells. PAFE2 showed32.6±1.93% glucose uptake over control and, in the presence of PI3K inhibitor wortmannin, declined to13.7±2.51%. HPLC analysis of PAFE2 reveals the presence of quercetin and apigenin as major constituents and both are inhibiting the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme in molecular modelling studies. The study evidenced strongly that the probable glucose lowering mechanism of action of active subfraction PAFE2 is by increasing the glucose uptake in peripheral tissues and by inhibition of gluconeogenesis.

scholarly journals ANTI-DIABETIC EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Copaifera salikounda (HECKEL) AGAINST ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETES IN RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinyere Aloke ◽  
Emmanuel Igwe ◽  
Nwogo Obasi ◽  
Pascal Amu ◽  
Egwu Ogbonnia
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner

Accumulating evidences have reinforced the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of various ailments as a result of negative side effects associated with conventional drugs. Plant components such as phenols and flavonoids with antioxidant potential have confirmed protective roles against oxidative stress-induced degenerative diseases like diabetes mellitus (DM). The current study was carried out to investigate the effect of seed pod ethanol extract from Copaifera salikounda (SPEECS) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. SPEECS was obtained by maceration of seed pod powder in absolute ethanol for 72 h, filtered, concentrated and dried in-vacuo. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique was used to quantitatively elucidate the chemical constituents of SPEECS. Twenty-four male albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n=6): normal control, DM control, DM + 200 mg/kg SPEECS and DM + 400 mg/kg SPEECS groups. DM was induced in the Wistar albino rats through intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg body weight of alloxan. After 14 days of treatment, the body weight changes and the fasting blood glucose level were determined in the different groups. Also, serum biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were estimated. The GC-MS results confirm nine bioactive compounds with 9-octadecenoic acid (55.75%) being most abundant. SPEECS (200 and 400 mg/kg) administration significantly (P 0.05) caused gain in weight, decreased fasting blood glucose and reversed the elevated liver function enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP) while total TP and ALB were markedly elevated relative to DM control group. Furthermore, SPEECS attenuated the activities of SOD and CAT while the level of MDA was significantly (P 0.05) decreased in dose dependent manner in comparison to the DM control. This study indicated that SPEECS can alleviate hyperglyceamia of DM. Key words: Copaifera salikounda; oxidative stress; medicinal plants; diabetes mellitus; phytochemicals; orthodox ANTIDIABETIČNI UČINEK EKSTRAKTA ETANOLA Copaifera salikounda (HECKEL) NA SLADKORNO BOLEZEN, SPROŽENO Z ALLOXAN-om, PRI PODGANAHIzvleček: Obstaja vedno več dokazov, ki poudarjajo uporabnost zdravilnih rastlin pri zdravljenju različnih bolezni, tudi zaradi različnih negativnih stranskih učinkov, povezanih s konvencionalnimi zdravili. Rastlinske sestavine kot so fenoli in flavonoidi z antioksidativnim potencialom, imajo po nekaterih raziskavah zaščitno vlogo pred degenerativnimi boleznimi, ki jih povzroča oksidativni stres, kot je sladkorna bolezen diabetes mellitus (DM). Študija je bila izvedena z namenom raziskovanja učinka etanolnega semenskega ekstrakta iz rastline Copaifera salikounda (SPEECS) pri podganah s sladkorno boleznijo, ki jo je povzročil alloxan. SPEECS je bil pridobljen z maceracijo praška semen v prahu v absolutnem etanolu 72 ur ter nadaljnjo filtracijo, koncentracijo in sušenjem v vakuumu. Za kvantitativno ugotavljanje kemijskih sestavin SPEECS je bila uporabljena tehnika plinske kromatografije in masne spektrometrije (GC-MS). Štiriindvajset samcev podgan Wistar je bilo naključno razporejenih v štiri skupine (n=6): normalna kontrola, kontrola DM, DM + 200 mg/kg SPEECS in DM + 400 mg/kg SPEECS. DM je bil pri podganah sprožen z intraperitonealno injekcijo 200 mg/kg telesne mase alloxana. Po 14 dneh zdravljenja so bile pri različnih skupinah določene spremembe telesne teže in nivo glukoze v krvi (na tešče). Poleg tega so avtorji raziskave izmerili še nekatere serumske biokemične parametre kot so ravni alaninske aminotransferaze (ALT), aspartatne aminotransferaze (AST), alkalne fosfataze (ALP), albumina (ALB), skupnih proteinov (TP), malondialdehida (MDA), superoksiddismutaze (SOD) in katalaze (CAT). Rezultati GC-MS so v izvlečku SPEECS pokazali devet bioaktivnih spojin, v katerih je največ 9-oktadecenojske kisline (55,75%). SPEECS (200 in 400 mg/kg) je povzročil znatno (P 0,05) povečanje telesne mase, znižanje glukoze v krvi na tešče in znižal raven encimov pokazateljev jetrne funkcije (ALT, AST, ALP), medtem ko je bila raven TP in ALB pri podganah, ki so prejemale SPEECS izrazito povišana v primerjavi z DM kontrolno skupino. Zdravljenje s  SPEECS je tudi oslabilo aktivnosti SOD in CAT, medtem ko se je raven MDA znatno zmanjšala (P 0,05) v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino DM. Ta študija je pokazala, da lahko SPEECS ublaži hiperglikemijo pri sladkorni bolezni pri podganah.Ključne besede: Copaifera salikounda; oksidativni stres; zdravilne rastline; sladkorna bolezen; fitokemikalije; ortodoksni

scholarly journals Serum Triglycerides and Total Cholesterol levels and its Relation with type 2 148 Diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Nahid Yeasmin ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter ◽  
Sayeeda Mahmuda ◽  
Romana Afroz ◽  
Sharmin Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Female Subjects

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most widespread endocrine disorder in female and its complications are increasing all over the world, leading to life threatening medical problems like cardiovascular diseases, stroke and end stage renal diseases. A relation between hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus has been identified. The study was carried out to observe the serum triglycerides and total cholesterol levels its relation with type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult female subjects. This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, during the period of January 2011 to December 2011. A total number of sixty female subjects were selected with age ranging from30 to50 years. Among them 30 female subjects with diabetes were included from out-patient department of Endocrinology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka as study group(B) and 30 apparently healthy female were taken as control group(A) for comparison. Estimation of fasting serum triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were done by enzymatic method in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College Dhaka in both groups. Fasting serum insulin level was measured by ELISA method in the Department of Laboratory of National Institute of ENT, Dhaka and fasting blood glucose was estimated by glucose oxidase method in Department of Dhaka Medical College in both groups. Data were analyzed by Unpaired Student’s- test and Pearson’s correlation co-efficient (r) test as applicable. The value of fasting serum TG and TC level were significantly higher in study subjects than those of control. In study subjects fasting serum TG and fasting serum TC levels showed positive correlation with fasting blood glucose and serum insulin level. Conclusion: Present study revealed that fasting serum triglyceride (TG) and fasting serum cholesterol (TC) levels have positive relationship with fasting serum insulin and fasting blood glucose levels. J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.2, October, 2018, Page 148-154

scholarly journals A Scientific Validation of Antihyperglycemic and Antihyperlipidemic Attributes of Trichosanthes dioica

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar Rai ◽  
Sharad Kumar Gupta ◽  
Amrita Kumari Srivastava ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
Geeta Watal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Trichosanthes Dioica

The present study was undertaken to scientifically validate the antidiabetic activity of aqueous fruit extract of Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. (Family: Cucurbitaceae) which has been traditionally used for managing diabetes mellitus. This plant commonly known as “Sespadula” in English has not been explored scientifically so far for its glycemic potential except by our research group. The study was conducted with variable doses on normal, mild, and severe diabetics models, and several biochemical parameters including blood glucose level (BGL) were assessed. Maximum fall in BGL of 23.8% in normal rats and of 31.3% in mild diabetic rats was observed during their fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glucose tolerance test (GTT) with the dose of 1000 mg kg−1. In severely diabetic animals after 4 weeks treatment with FBG, postprandial glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were reduced by 28.7, 30.7, 57.2, and 18.5%, whereas high density lipoprotein, total protein, hemoglobin, and body weight were increased by 33.0, 36.7, 15.7 and 16.7%, respectively. Moreover, urine sugar was reduced from +4 to +1. Thus, the study scientifically validates the traditional use of T. diocia in diabetes management and could be developed as an effective oral agent for treating diabetes mellitus and complications associated with it.

scholarly journals BIOASSAY-GUIDED EVALUATION OF FICUS SEMICORDATA FOR ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virender Kaur ◽  
Kumud Upadhyaya ◽  
Milind Pande
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Biological Studies

Objective: The early stage of diabetes mellitus type 2 is associated with postprandial hyperglycemia. The therapeutic approach involved in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus is the use of agents that can decrease postprandial hyperglycemia by inhibiting carbohydrate digesting enzymes. In an effort of identifying herbal drugs which may become useful in the prevention or mitigation of diabetes, the antidiabetic activity of Ficus semicordata (FS) and its constituents were studied. The present study was undertaken in part to identify the potent antihyperglycemic fraction from the ethanol extract of the plant, using bioassay guided evaluation.Methods: The ethanol extract of Ficus semicordata were fractionated to obtain chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and ethanol extracts which were tested for alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase inhibitory, properties. Further fractionation of the more active ethanol fraction yielded isolates FS-1 and FS-2 which were tested for in vivo antidiabetic activity using Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Results: Ethanol extract from leaves of the plant showed notable alpha-amylase (IC50 = 3.352µg/ml and alpha-glycosidase inhibitory activity (IC50= 3.448µg/ml) as compared to standard acarbose (IC50 = 3.175µg/ml. Subfraction FS-1 and FS-2 which were tested for in vivo antidiabetic activity using acute STZ-induced diabetic rats significantly (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, *** p<0.001) reduced blood glucose level.Conclusion: The Ficus semicordata plant extracts and the fractionated components could be used as a natural antidiabetic after comprehensive in vitro and in vivo biological studies.

scholarly journals Effect of ethanol extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Syeda Rubayat Hilmi ◽  
Zesmin Fauzia Dewan ◽  
A. K. M. Nurul Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Significant Amelioration ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Biochemical Indices

<p class="Abstract">The present study was designed to determine the ameliorative effect of ethanol extract of <em>Trigonella foenum-graecum</em> in an experimental model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxic rat. To induce nephrotoxicity, gentamicin was administered (80 mg/kg/day for 7 days) intraperitoneally. The ethanol extract of <em>T. foenum-graecum</em> was administered (500 mg/kg/day) orally concomitantly with gentamicin for 21 days and 28 days in different groups. Biochemical indices i.e. serum creatinine and serum urea levels were estimated to determine nephrotoxicity and amelioration of nephrotoxicity in all groups. To determine the status of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, the renal cortical reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde levels were estimated. Changes in renal architecture were estimated by histopathology of renal tissues. Statistically significant amelioration was observed in all the biochemical parameters supported by significant improvement of renal cortical histology in <em>T. foenum-graecum</em>-treated groups.</p>

scholarly journals Investigation of the In Vitro Antioxidant Potential Of Polyphenolic-Rich Extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam Stem Bark and Its Antidiabetic Activity In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2515690X2091612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye ◽  
Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo ◽  
Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye ◽  
Mary Abiola Okesola ◽  
Adeyonu Oluwatosin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam (Moraceae) stem bark has been used locally in managing diabetes mellitus with sparse scientific information. This study investigates the in vitro antioxidant potential of polyphenolic-rich extract of A heterophyllus stem bark as well as its antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Fifty male Wistar rats were used with the induction of diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight) and were orally administered 400 mg/kg free and bound phenols of A heterophyllus stem bark. The animals were sacrificed on the 28th day of the experiment using the cervical dislocation method; antihyperglycemia and anti-inflammatory parameters were subsequently assessed. The polyphenolic extracts demonstrated antioxidant potentials (such as hydrogen peroxide and diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), as well as strong inhibitory activity against amylase and glucosidase. There was a significant ( P < .05) increase in glycogen, insulin concentration, pancreatic β-cell scores (HOMA-β), antioxidant enzymes and hexokinase activities, as well as glucose transporter concentration in diabetic animals administered the extracts and metformin. Also, a significant ( P < .05) reduction in fasting blood glucose, lipid peroxidation, glucose-6-phosphatase, and all anti-inflammatory parameters were observed in diabetic rats administered the extracts and metformin. The extracts demonstrated antidiabetic potential, which may be useful in the management of diabetes mellitus

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, DIURETIC AND HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT FROM LEAF OF CHRYSOPHYLLUM ALBIDUM G. IN WISTAR ABINO RATS

2018 ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Olorunshola Dave Omodamiro ◽  
Chinedu Nwankwo
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Medicinal Uses

Chrysophyllum albidum G. is generally regarded as a plant with many ethno-medicinal uses. The study was aimed at evaluating the in vitro antioxidant, diuretic, and hypoglycemic properties of the ethanol extract of leaves of C. albidum Male Wistar albino rats weighing between 150g and 200g were used for the experiment. The DPPH scavenging activity was determined using DPPH assay, inhibition of lipid peroxidation was carried out using the reactions of peroxides with thiobarbituric acid, while nitric oxide was conducted based on the Greiss reaction. Diuretic activity was carried out using the method of Lipschitz with slight modifications. Alloxan (140 mg/kg) was used to induce diabetes in the rats. The extract showed a concentration-dependent increase in DPPH radical scavenging activity, anti-lipid peroxidation activity, and nitric oxide inhibition activity maximal at 200 mg/ml (84.99±7.97, 79.82±6.10, 69.99±2.22 respectively) and this was significant (p<0.05) when compared with that of 100 mg/ml of vitamin C (97.68±0.84, 99.05±0.24 and 98.15±0.29 respectively) which served as the control. The extract also significantly (p<0.05) increased; urine volume, urinary sodium, and urinary chloride particularly at 2000 mg/kg (1.55±0.07, 109.60±0.57, and 106.00±1.41 respectively) when compared with the standard drug (1.85±0.07, 115.20±0.57, and 112.85±0.49 respectively). The increase in potassium excretion was also significant (p<0.05) particularly at 2000 mg/kg (13.70±0.28) but less than those of sodium (109.60±0.57) and chloride (106.00±1.41) at the same concentration. There was no significant (p<0.05) increase in urinary bicarbonate the maximum being at 250 mg/kg (22.55±0.78). The extract caused a non-significant (p<0.05) decrease in the fasting blood glucose level of the rats. It was concluded that the leaves of C. albidum could be used as a source of natural antioxidant boosters and also a diuretic.

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