scholarly journals Universalities and Idiosyncrasies in Self-Concept: East-West and North-South

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolando Díaz Loving ◽  
María José Baeza Rivera ◽  
Ilse González Rivera ◽  
Michael Harris Bond
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cultural Syndromes ◽  
Many Instruments ◽  
South Axis ◽  
East West

Self-concept has been crucial to the description of human beings since ancient times. Different authors have offered definitions and approaches to the study of the self. Many instruments have been developed to measure this multi-faceted construct. However, there is great difficulty in using definitions and instruments developed in one ecosystem to describe the peoples from different cultures. In order to include the universals and idiosyncrasies of the self, a model that takes culture into account is needed.  The purpose of this article is to compare the cognitive, emotional, and motivational aspects of the self-concept in different countries representing the east-west and north-south axis, such as Mexico, Peru, Japan, China, United States and Chile, from a psycho-socio-cultural point of view. The paradigm for this purpose included descriptions and comparisons based on Hofstede´s cultural syndromes, as well as an overview of some instruments that have been used to measure the construct. The discussion focuses on the importance of considering culture to understand the meanings of this construct, placing emphasis on the methodological tools derived from the theoretical orientation and the attentions that must be had when making cross-cultural comparisons, be it Between countries and even within the same country. This means that we must not forget the aspects shared by cultures in the relationship with oneself (etic), but we must forget about the particular aspects (emic) or idiosyncratic aspects, which are what are finally given by the particularities to self-concept.

Stories Enlarge the Experience of Self

2021 ◽  
pp. 249-265
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Johnson ◽  
Michael D. Slater ◽  
Nathaniel A. Silver ◽  
David R. Ewoldsen
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Media Use ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Expansion Mechanism ◽  
Narrative Engagement ◽  
Effects Of Media ◽  
Narrative Influence

Temporarily expanded boundaries of the self (TEBOTS) proposes underlying motivations for engaging with stories. TEBOTS points out that fundamental human drives for agency, autonomy, and connectedness are imperfectly attainable. As a result, human beings turn to transcendent experiences that offer self-expansion, especially engagement with mediated worlds and the stories and characters they provide. TEBOTS provides unique hypotheses about how the self-concept relates to the selection, processing, and effects of media entertainment. Confirmatory evidence for TEBOTS shows that threats to the self can increase responsiveness to narratives, and that effects are attributable to a boundary expansion mechanism. Recent studies demonstrate that boundary expansion during media use can facilitate positive outgroup perceptions and attitude change. The TEBOTS framework also provides testable propositions regarding the influence of life stressors such as finance, health, and relationships on narrative engagement and enjoyment, carrying potential implications for narrative influence on stressed populations.

scholarly journals Humanism in No Hana and Tsumi Shi No Hi By Abe Tomoji (Orientalism Study)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-117
Author(s):  
Irvina Restu Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study was aimed at describing humanism in Shi no Hana and Tsumi no Hi by Abe Tomoji. This research was a literature research that used qualitative descriptive method. The data were in the form of text excerpts, both words, phrases and sentences containing humanism. The data were sourced from Shi no Hana novels and Tsumi no Hi by Abe Tomoji published by Shinbungeisha. The data collection techniques used was library research techniques. The collected data was then analyzed based on orientalism theory. To gain the valid result, a triangulation test was carried out, namely time triangulation. The result shows that Hinobe as an invader still maintains human nature, self-concept and freedom. The nature of human beings as individual beings is a feature of humanism in Shi no Hana and Tsumi no Hi. Despite being an invader, Hinobe realized his differences with other Japanese people regarding the ideals of peace. Freedom in Shi no Hana and Tsumi no Hi is divided into physical and psychological freedom, both of which are only Hinobe consciousness not realization. The self concept is divided into physical, attitude and intelligence.Humanisme dalam Shi No Hana dan Tsumi No Hi Karya Abe Tomoji (Kajian Orientalisme)Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan humanisme dalam Shi no Hana dan Tsumi no Hi karya Abe Tomoji. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sastra yang menggunakan metode deskrptif kualitatif. Data berupa kutipan teks, baik kata, frasa maupun kalimat yang mengandung humanisme. Data diperoleh dari sumber data berupa novel Shi no Hana dan Tsumi no Hi karya Abe Tomoji yang diterbitkan oleh Shinbungeisha. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik penelitian pustaka. Data yang sudah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan mendasarkan pada teori orientalisme. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang benar-benar valid, dilakukan uji triangulasi, yaitu triangulasi waktu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Hinobe sebagai penjajah masih mempertahankan hakikat manusia, konsep diri dan kebebasan. Hakikat manusia sebagai makhluk individu menjadi keistimewaan humanisme dalam Shi no Hana dan Tsumi no Hi. Meskipun sebagai penjajah, Hinobe menyadari akan perbedaan dirinya dengan orang Jepang lain terkait cita-cita perdamaian. Kebebasan di dalam Shi no Hana dan Tsumi no Hi terbagi atas kebebasan fisik dan psikologis, yang keduanya hanya berupa kesadaran Hinobe bukan realisasi. Konsep diri terbagi menjadi penilaian fisik, sikap dan kecerdasan.

scholarly journals Christian Platonism and the Debate about Afterlife

Scrinium ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-260
Author(s):  
Dirk Krausmuller
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Christian Platonism ◽  
Maximus The Confessor ◽  
Pseudo Dionysius

In the sixth and seventh centuries the belief in an active afterlife and its corollaries, the cult of the saints and the care of the dead, came under attack by a group of people who claimed that the souls could not function without their bodies. Some defenders of the traditional point of view sought to rebut this argument through recourse to the Platonic concept of the self-moved soul, which is not in need of the body. However, the fit between Platonism and traditional notions of the afterlife was not as complete as might first be thought. This article focuses on two Christian thinkers, John of Scythopolis and Maximus the Confessor, who were deeply influenced by Platonic ideas. In his Scholia on the writings of Pseudo-Dionysius John states clearly that after death the souls of ordinary human beings are inactive whereas the souls of the spiritual elite have entered the realm of eternal realities, which is entirely separate from this world. The case of Maximus is more complex. One of his letters is a spirited defence of the posthumous activity of the soul. However, in his spiritual writings he outlines a conceptual framework that shows a marked resemblance to the position of John of Scythopolis.


The Self Concept and its Relation with Psychological Adaptaion in the Delinquent Juvenile who are Registered in the Ministry of Social Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-119
Author(s):  
Salim Odeh ◽  
Iyad Abu Bakr
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Family Income ◽  
High Income ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Juvenile Sample ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

This study is aimed to identify the self-concept and its relation with psychological adaption in the delinquent juvenile, who are registered in the ministry of social development, and the impact of some demographical variants (age, and monthly income), on the self-conception and psychological adaption on them, from the delinquent juvenile who are registered in the ministry of social development point of view، in Ramallah and Tubas governorates. The study sample consists of all juvenile who are registered in the ministry of social development in 2016, whose number is 2460 delinquent juvenile, among them a clustered and Random sample which has been chosen from Ramallah and Tubas and consist of 334 delinquent juvenile. The researchers has used the descriptive method, due to its suitable way to the study using the tools which has been developed by the researcher, they are; The self-concept and the psychological self-adaption, and after the collection of data it was analysed, and the result is as follow: The self-conception of the delinquent juvenile who are registered in the ministry of social development was moderate on the total level of self-concept. The study indicates that the level of psychological adaption of the delinquent juvenile who are registered in the ministry of social development was moderate. The results show a positive conected relation with statistical indication between the self-concept and the psychological adaption, which means the increase in self-concept results an increase in the psychological adaption in the delinquent juvenile, although relation level between self-conception and psychological adaption equal 53.3%.  The study results show statistical differences between the delinquent juvenile sample members who are registered in the ministry of social development, in relation to self-concept by age, the differences average were tended to favour age group between 15-18 years old.  The study results show that there is a statistical differences among the study members who are registered in the ministry of social development in the fields of ( self-concept and psychological adaption) in relation to the family income, the study results show that the differences in relation to family income were in favour of the family with high income, which means that as much the income increases the self-concept increases in the delinquent juvenile,  in addition to that the increase of income will increase the psychological adaption in the delinquent juvenile in both fields (self-conception and the self-adaption) were in favour of the family with high income more than that of law income .

Creative Thought, Productivity, and the Self-Concept

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Haven
Keyword(s):  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Creative Thought ◽  
Creative Individual ◽  
Creative Productivity ◽  
Small Measure

Although an extreme diversity in theoretical orientation and research approach is evident in the psychological investigation of creativity, a general consensus as to both the criteria for calling an act or product creative and the traits of the creative individual may be found in the literature. While direct comparison of results is not always possible, it is a well-founded tenet of empirical investigation that corroboration or confirmation furnished by independent investigations, utilizing different methods and obtaining similar results, represents the finest flowering of scientific objectivity. The literature reveals no such attempts. The present study was designed to, in small measure, remedy this deficiency. The most fundamental finding was a very weak relationship between Ss creative thinking and creative productivity scores and a lack of significant relationship between either of such scores and personality traits usually postulated as contributing to the pattern of the creative individual.

The Self Concept and its Relation with Psychological Adaptaion in the Delinquent Juvenile who are Registered in the Ministry of Social Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-119
Author(s):  
Salim Odeh ◽  
Iyad Abu Bakr
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Family Income ◽  
High Income ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Juvenile Sample ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

This study is aimed to identify the self-concept and its relation with psychological adaption in the delinquent juvenile, who are registered in the ministry of social development, and the impact of some demographical variants (age, and monthly income), on the self-conception and psychological adaption on them, from the delinquent juvenile who are registered in the ministry of social development point of view، in Ramallah and Tubas governorates. The study sample consists of all juvenile who are registered in the ministry of social development in 2016, whose number is 2460 delinquent juvenile, among them a clustered and Random sample which has been chosen from Ramallah and Tubas and consist of 334 delinquent juvenile. The researchers has used the descriptive method, due to its suitable way to the study using the tools which has been developed by the researcher, they are; The self-concept and the psychological self-adaption, and after the collection of data it was analysed, and the result is as follow: The self-conception of the delinquent juvenile who are registered in the ministry of social development was moderate on the total level of self-concept. The study indicates that the level of psychological adaption of the delinquent juvenile who are registered in the ministry of social development was moderate. The results show a positive conected relation with statistical indication between the self-concept and the psychological adaption, which means the increase in self-concept results an increase in the psychological adaption in the delinquent juvenile, although relation level between self-conception and psychological adaption equal 53.3%.  The study results show statistical differences between the delinquent juvenile sample members who are registered in the ministry of social development, in relation to self-concept by age, the differences average were tended to favour age group between 15-18 years old.  The study results show that there is a statistical differences among the study members who are registered in the ministry of social development in the fields of ( self-concept and psychological adaption) in relation to the family income, the study results show that the differences in relation to family income were in favour of the family with high income, which means that as much the income increases the self-concept increases in the delinquent juvenile,  in addition to that the increase of income will increase the psychological adaption in the delinquent juvenile in both fields (self-conception and the self-adaption) were in favour of the family with high income more than that of law income .

scholarly journals Modernity, Mass Culture, and Self-Delusion in Nabokov’s Lolita and Martin Amis’ Money

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Juan A. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Martin Amis ◽  
Moral Aspect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Human Spirituality ◽  
Commit Suicide

Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita (1955) and Martin Amis’ Money (1984) discuss the disadvantages of mass media. Amis uses John Self to reflect the disintegration of the self in the modern, Capitalist society of England in 1980s. Self represents the failure of the postmodern world by portraying a dystopian society. Amis and Nabokov tackle subjects pertaining to money, incest, delusion, and disappointment. Lights are shed on the moral aspect of the characters. The modernity of Amis’ fiction lies in its double deception of its characters; there is the American motif and a character who is not able to resist the magic of such motif. It is about consumerism or how aspects of post modernity and the consumer culture are portrayed. This paper aims to show the impact of mass media on the characters who are self-deluded and indulged in loving money, advertisements, and sex. It also aims at showing duality and corruption in both texts, John Self is bankrupt and wants to commit suicide. Humbert cheats many and is imprisoned and Lolita dies. Lolita becomes the victim of incest. It is an attempt to urge human beings to refuse cultural divisions and encourage human spirituality instead of Materialistic point of view.

Body Image and Self-Concept in Schizophrenia

1960 ◽  
Vol 106 (442) ◽  
pp. 17-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Weckowicz ◽  
R. Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Schema ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Body Ego

Disturbances of ego, self-concept and body-image have always been regarded as central in the psychopathology of schizophrenia. The passivity phenomena, automatisme superieur of the French authors, are indeed very common in this disease. There is a disturbance of the self which is shown in depersonalization and in feelings of influence and passivity. The boundaries of the self become loose or blurred and the patient may feel, for example, that parts of his body do not belong to him or that he is part of the plants, animals, clouds, other people or of the whole world and that they are part of him. He may feel at one with the whole of mankind. Self-concept is closely related to what has been termed “body image” or “perceived body”. Head (29, 30) has shown that what he called “body schema” is very important for motor co-ordination and performance of purposeful movements and also for orientation in space. Schilder (53) in his monograph has analysed the problem of body-image in great detail. He has found in the idea of the body image the basis for the body or physical ego. He follows Head in stating that the body image consists of the proprioceptions of the whole body and that it changes with the body's varying postures. Yet neither Head's body schema nor Schilder's body image are identical with the body ego. The body schema represents the constant mental knowledge of one's body; the body image is the changing presentation of the body in one's mind. Throughout the changes of the body image there is an awareness of continuity of one's body, a sense of basic identity and oneness. This constitutes the bodily or physical ego. The body ego in its turn is the basis of a wider “self” which can be called self-concept or selfhood. This self-concept or selfhood contains, in addition to the awareness of the continuity and the identity of one's own body in spite of its constant change, the awareness of the continuity of one's self as a person in spite of constantly changing relationship with the external world, and in spite of the playing and taking different “roles” in social interactions. According to Mead (38) and Coutu (16), selfhood is a social phenomenon and emerges only through interaction with other people, through “taking their roles” and viewing oneself from their point of view.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

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