scholarly journals Elements of the Fifth Group of the Periodic System of D.I. Mendeleev – the Elements of Life

Vestnik RFFI ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 26-45
Author(s):  
Almir S. Gazizov ◽  
Yulia M. Sadykova ◽  
Elmira M. Gibadullina ◽  
Alexander R. Burilov ◽  
Lyudmila K. Kibardina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic System ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Nature ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

In the popular science review, dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the first publication of the Periodic Table of chemical elements by D.I. Mendeleev, the elements of the 5th (main) Group (namely nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth) are considered. The history of these elements discovery and some their properties are shortly described. The elements of the fifth group are also called “the elements of life”, which is linked with both the development of living organisms themselves and their compounds importance for human life. The review confirms this thesis in a popular-science form, using the available literature data on the role of chemical compounds of Group 5th elements in the development of living nature as well as in the progress of human civilization.

scholarly journals Role of the periodic table in discovery of new elements

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Future Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chemical Techniques

AbstractThis year (2009) marks the 140th Anniversary of Mendeleev's original 1869 periodic table of the elements based on atomic weights. It also marks the 175th anniversary of his birth in Tolbosk, Siberia. The history of the development of periodic tables of the chemical elements is briefly reviewed beginning with the presentation by Dmitri Mendeleev and his associate Nikolai Menshutkin of their original 1869 table based on atomic weights. The value, as well as the sometimes negative effects, of periodic tables in guiding the discovery of new elements based on their predicted chemical properties is assessed. It is noteworthy that the element with Z=101 (mendelevium) was identified in 1955 using chemical techniques. The discoverers proposed the name mendelevium to honor the predictive power of the Mendeleev Periodic Table. Mendelevium still remains the heaviest element to have been identified first by chemical rather than nuclear or physical techniques. The question concerning whether there will be a future role for the current form of the periodic table in predicting chemical properties and aid in the identification of elements beyond those currently known is considered.

INTERPRETATION OF SPACE AND TIME IN ONTOLOGICAL PHILOSOPHY NAVOI

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Toji Omonovich Norov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Holy Book

The universe, the space that make up their basis planets in it, their creation, the main essence of their creation, form, composition, meaning, movements, interactions, their influence on human life and activities, the role of man in the universe and in life on Earth, life, the criteria of activity and processes occurring in time and space have long been of interest to humanity. One of the main problems in the history of philosophy is the question of space and time. This problem was defined in different ways in the great schools of thought by thinkers of different periods. One of these great thinkers is Alisher Navoi. Navoi's works, along with other socio-philosophical themes, uniquely express and analyze the problems of the firmament and time. Its main feature is that it is based on the divine (pantheistic) religion, Islam, its holy book, the Koran and other theological sources, as well as on the secrets of nature and the Universe, the main miracle of Allah - human intelligence, the power of enlightenment, they are the key revealing all these secrets.

The Role of Aromatase Enzyme in Hormone Related Diseases and Plant-Based Aromatase Inhibitors as Therapeutic Regimens

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevser Taban Akça ◽  
Murside Ayşe Demirel ◽  
Ipek Süntar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitors ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use

: Medicinal plants have a long history of use as food and remedy in traditional and modern societies, as well as have been used as herbal drugs and sources of novel bioactive compounds. They provide a wide array of chemical compounds, many of which can not be synthesized via current synthesis methods. Natural products may provide aromatase inhibitory activity through various pathways and may act clinically effective for treating pathologies associated with excessive aromatase secretion including breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers, endometriosis, uterine fibroid, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer, infertility, and gynecomastia. Recent studies have shown that natural products with aromatase inhibitory activity, could also be good options against secondary recurrence of breast cancer by exhibiting chemopreventive effects. Therefore, screening for new plant-based aromatase inhibitors may provide novel leads for drug discovery and development, particularly with increased clinical efficacy and decreased side effects.

When a Daring Chemistry Meets a Boring Chemistry: The Reception of Mendeleev’s Periodic System in Sweden

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Lundgren
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Periodic System ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Science ◽  
History Of Chemistry ◽  
System P ◽  
History Of ◽  
Per Se

The reception of Mendeleev’s periodic system in Sweden was not a dramatic episode. The system was accepted almost without discussion, but at the same time with no exclamation marks or any other outbursts of enthusiasm. There are but a few weak short-lived critical remarks. That was all. I will argue that the acceptance of the system had no overwhelming effect on chemical practice in Sweden. At most, it strengthened its characteristics. It is actually possible to argue that chemistry in Sweden was more essential for the periodic system than the other way around. My results might therefore suggest that we perhaps have to reevaluate the role of Mendeleev’s system in the history of chemistry. Chemistry in Sweden at the end of the nineteenth century can be characterized as a classifying science, with chemists very skilled in analysis, and as mainly an atheoretical science, which treated theories at most only as hypothesis—the slogan of many chemists being “facts persist, theories vanish.” Thanks to these characteristics, by the end of the nineteenth century, chemistry in Sweden had developed into, it must be said, a rather boring chemistry. This is obviously not to say that it is boring to study such a chemistry. Rather, it gives us an example of how everyday science, a part of science too often neglected but a part that constitutes the bulk of all science done, is carried out. One purpose of this study is to see how a theory, considered to be important in the history of chemistry, influenced everyday science. One might ask what happened when a daring chemistry met a boring chemistry. What happened when a theory, which had been created by a chemist who has been described as “not a laboratory chemist,” met an atheoretical experimental science of hard laboratory work and, as was said, the establishment of facts? Furthermore, could we learn something about the role of the periodic system per se from the study of such a meeting? Mendeleev’s system has often been considered important for teaching, and his attempts to write a textbook are often taken as the initial step in the chain of thoughts that led to the periodic system.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Kurikulum Pendidikan Sejarah di Rusia dan Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Jumardi Jumardi
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
History Teaching ◽  
Models Of Teaching ◽  
Teaching History ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
History Of ◽  
Teaching Curriculum ◽  
Spiral Model

Learning of history very real associated with human life itself. Learning the history of studying thehuman role in the nation’s history and history itself . Learning curriculum history becomes important instudying the role of every human being . This should be reviewed when learning materials and learningoutcomes are not proportional . The educational system of a country determines how a curriculum isapplied to all subjects . Comparing a learning curriculum Indonesian history becomes necessary to obtaina picture of how the teaching of history in Indonesia and the Russian State history teaching curriculum. Models of teaching history in Indonesia using the spiral model ( repetition ) while Russia using linearmodels . Learners and citizens of Russia have the pride of the history of his country.

scholarly journals History of development of the biological microworld

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-178
Author(s):  
Vsevolod V. Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
Regular Sequences ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Nature ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Real Essence ◽  
The 19Th Century

The history of modern biology may be considered to begin with the penetration of scientists to biological mini-world, formed by microorganisms, cells and sub-cellular entities. The main problem to be solved was the nature of biological (genetic) heredity. In the middle of the 19th century a conception was put forward about presence in living organisms of hereditary factors, later referred as genes, whose nature for a long period remained unknown. A significant progress was achieved with elaboration of the chromosomal theory of heredity based on the presence in cell nuclei of sub-cellular structures – chromosomes. In further search of hereditary agents the plausible candidate seemed to be a polymer chemically identified as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). But no fantasy was enough to establish any connection of DNA with phenotypical features of living organisms. In 1953 James Watson and Francis Crick in the process of construction of space model of DNA molecule succeeded to reveal a mechanism of copying non-regular sequences of four heterocyclic bases present as one per monomer in DNA. It was suggested that these sequences might be recognized as a hereditary information. But the real essence of heredity happens to be found not so in copying as in coding. This revolutionary idea was soon (in 1954) put forward by a physicist George Gamow who suggested that a sequence of bases in DNA is a genetic text and that living cells possess a genetic code which in fact is a mechanism of transformation of sequences of triplets of DNA monomers (the “letters” of genetic text) to amino acid sequences of a multitude of various proteins which are the main functional molecules of the living nature. Now a plenty of genetic texts were elucidated which made it possible for researchers to achieve a new level of knowledge about living nature.

Bataille, Georges (1897–1962)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Maskit
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
Limits Of Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academic Philosophy ◽  
Formally Trained

Georges Bataille was born in Billom, France, raised in Reims, and spent much of his adult life in Paris. Never formally trained as a philosopher, he worked from 1922 to 1942 as a librarian at the Bibliothèque Nationale. In addition to his philosophical works, Bataille also wrote on the history of art as well as a number of critical works and novels. Owing to his position outside academic philosophy, Bataille was able to treat diverse topics in ways which might have been unacceptable otherwise. His work addresses the importance of sacrifice, eroticism and death, as well as the kinds of ‘expenditure’ evidenced by what he called the general economy. It draws on diverse sources (Hegel, Nietzsche, Marcel Mauss, anthropological research, and the history of religion, among others) and treats a wide range of topics: the role of art in human life, the practice of sacrifice in ancient and modern cultures, the role of death in our understanding of subjectivity, and the limits of knowledge.

Dimension of Molecules of Compounds of Biogenic Elements

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-153
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Bond ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Chemical Activity ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Higher Dimension ◽  
Complex Molecules ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Living Organisms

Chemical compounds of biogenic elements are considered (i.e., chemical elements present in living organisms and ensuring the successful functioning of their various organs and systems). Biogenic elements are divided into s-, p-, and d-elements, in which respectively are completed with s-, p-, and d-electronic orbitals. In each of these groups, the structure of compounds of biogenic elements is investigated, and the dimension of the corresponding molecules is determined. It is proved that s- and d-biogenic elements exhibit increased chemical activity (higher than the standard valence) due to participation in the formation of a chemical bond of electrons of the preceding level. This leads to the creation of complex molecules of higher dimension. The chemical compounds of biogenic p-elements, which are the building blocks for the formation of biomolecules (elements of life), will be specifically investigated in subsequent chapters.

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