scholarly journals Prevalence of Pollen Allergy in Rural Telangana (Bhongir) and the Need for Continuous Monitoring of Allergens - A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 1105-1108
Author(s):  
Namreen .
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Pollen Allergens ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Pilot Survey ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Rural Town ◽  
Permanent Cure

Prevalence of pollen allergies in the rural population of Telangana is under-studied. The objective of this work was to estimate the prevalence of pollen allergy in the rural town of Bhongir, Telangana and to evaluate the need for further investigation of environmental effects on the onset of pollen allergies. A pilot survey was conducted among fifty randomly selected individuals of Kisan nagar area in Bhongir, Telangana (India) and its nearby localities using a questionnaire. Patients with known allergies were further asked to provide information about their allergic conditions and treatment. Six out of the fifty participants (CI: 1.5-10.5) were found to be allergic to pollen. The allergic participants did not have symptoms from birth but rather developed them during the later stages of life. The study also identified the potential pollen allergens in the locality which might be the cause of the allergies in the affected individuals. Furthermore, the study revealed that the commonly recommended medications were neither the preventive measures nor the permanent cure against the symptoms of pollen allergy. The results suggest a trend of rural youth with no genetic predisposition, developing pollen allergies due to environmental sensitization. The study highlights the need for the establishment of regional monitoring stations, and future studies with larger samples to understand the sensitization pathways to help the locals take preventative measures.

scholarly journals Incidence of occupational injuries and diseases among seafarers: a descriptive epidemiological study based on contacts from onboard ships to the Italian Telemedical Maritime Assistance Service in Rome, Italy

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e044633
Author(s):  
Getu Gamo Sagaro ◽  
Marzio Dicanio ◽  
Gopi Battineni ◽  
Marc Abdul Samad ◽  
Francesco Amenta
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Incidence Rate Ratio ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Disease Rate ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Assistance Service

ObjectivesWorkers at sea have high mortality, injuries and illnesses and work in a hazardous environment compared to ashore workers. The present study was designed to measure the incidence of occupational injuries and diseases among seafarers and quantify the contribution of differences in rank and job onboard on seafarers’ diseases and injuries rates.DesignDescriptive epidemiological study.Setting and participantsThis study’s data were based on contacts (n=423) for medical requests from Compagnie Maritime d'Affrètement/Compagnie Générale Maritime (CMA-CGM) container ships to the Italian Telemedical Maritime Assistance Service in Rome from 2016 to 2019, supplemented by data on the estimated total at-risk seafarer population on container ships (n=13 475) over the study period.Outcome measuresDistribution of injuries by anatomic location and types of diseases across seafarers’ ranks and worksites. We determined the incidence rate and incidence rate ratio (IRR) with a 95% CI.ResultsThe total disease rate was 25 per 1000 seafarer-years, and the overall injury rate was 6.31 per 1000 seafarer-years over the 4 years study period. Non-officers were more likely than officers to have reported gastrointestinal (IRR 2.12, 95% CI 1.13 to 4.26), dermatological (IRR 3.66, 95% CI 1.27 to 14.42) and musculoskeletal (IRR 2.25, 95% CI 1.11 to 5.05) disorders onboard container ships. Deck workers were more likely than engine workers to be injured in the wrist and hand (IRR 3.25, 95% CI 1.19 to 10.23).ConclusionsRates of reported injury and disease were significantly higher among non- officers than officers; thus, this study suggests the need for rank-specific preventative measures. Future studies should consider risk factors for injury and disease among seafarers in order to propose further preventive measures.

scholarly journals Preliminary Evidence of Children’s Weight Gain From 5 Months of Home Quarantine During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 155982762110066
Author(s):  
Keith Brazendale ◽  
Jeanette Garcia ◽  
Ethan T. Hunt ◽  
Michael Blankenship ◽  
Daniel Eisenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weight Data ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Purpose. Preventive measures to curtail the spread of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)—such as home quarantine, closure of schools/programs—are necessary, yet the impact of these restrictions on children’s weight status is unknown. The purpose of this case report was to investigate changes in children’s body mass index (BMI) and zBMI during COVID-19 quarantine. Methods. Children had their heights and weights recorded early March 2020 (pre-COVID-19) and 5 months later (early August 2020). Paired sample t tests examined changes in BMI and zBMI from baseline to follow-up. Results. Twenty-nine children (62% female; mean age 9.3 years; 27.5% with overweight or obesity) provided height and weight data at both time points. There was a significant difference in pre-COVID-19 BMI (mean [M] = 20.1, standard deviation [SD] = 6.0) and follow-up BMI (M = 20.7, SD = 6.4); t(57) = −3.8, P < .001, and pre-COVID-19 zBMI (M = 0.8, SD = 0.9) and follow-up zBMI (M = 0.9, SD = 0.9); t(57) = -3.1, P = .003. Five of the 29 children moved from normal weight to overweight (n = 4) or obese (n = 1) during 5 months of quarantine. Conclusions. Preliminary evidence shows most children increased their BMI and zBMI values from pre-COVID-19 assessment to the follow-up assessment, 5 months later. These initial findings identify potential incidental negative health consequences of children as a result of COVID-19 preventative measures such as home quarantine.

scholarly journals Cognitive Functioning in Patients with Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis, an Updated Review and Future Focus

Children ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy B. Parrish ◽  
Emily Fields
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pediatric Onset

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is relatively rare, but as technology and neuroimaging advance, an increasing number of cases are identified, and our understanding of how multiple sclerosis (MS) impacts the developing brain improves. There are consistent findings in the literature highlighting the impact of MS and other demyelinating diseases on cognitive functioning and cognitive development. We also have a better understanding of how POMS impacts psychosocial functioning and functional outcomes in daily living. This paper hopes to review findings associated with cognitive and psychosocial functioning in patients with POMS, as well as explore more recent advances in the field and how they relate to cognitive and psychosocial outcomes. We also discuss the ongoing need for future studies with a focus on better understanding deficits and disease correlates, but also preventative measures and potential rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Tracking Australian Hajj Pilgrims’ Health Behavior before, during and after Hajj, and the Effective Use of Preventive Measures in Reducing Hajj-Related Illness: A Cohort Study

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Amani Salem Alqahtani ◽  
Mohamed Tashani ◽  
Anita Elizabeth Heywood ◽  
Abdulrahman Bader S. Almohammed ◽  
Robert Booy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Main Factor

This study assessed Australian Hajj pilgrims’ knowledge, attitude and practices throughout their Hajj journey to understand their health behaviors, use of preventative measures and development of illness symptoms. A prospective cohort study with data collection at three phases (before, during and after Hajj) was conducted among Australian pilgrims between August and December 2015. Baseline data were collected from 421 pilgrims before Hajj, with 391 providing follow-up data during Hajj and 300 after their home return. Most participants (78% [329/421]) received one or more recommended vaccines; travel agents’ advice was the main factor affecting vaccination uptake. Most participants (69% [270/391]) practiced hand hygiene with soap and sanitizers frequently, followed by disposable handkerchief use (36% [139/391]) and washing hands with water only (28% [111/391]). During Hajj 74% (288/391) of participants reported one or more illness symptoms, 86% (248/288) of these symptoms were respiratory. Cough was less often reported among pilgrims who received vaccinations, cleaned their hands with soap or alcoholic hand rubs, while a runny nose was less common among those who frequently washed their hands with plain water but was more common among those who used facemasks. This study reveals that most Australian Hajj pilgrims complied with key preventative measures, and that tour group operators’ advice played an important role in compliance. Pilgrims who were vaccinated and practiced hand hygiene were less likely to report infection symptoms.

Gastrointestinal complications following cardiac surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 621-632
Author(s):  
Cheryl Yan Ting Chor ◽  
Saira Mahmood ◽  
Inayat Hussain Khan ◽  
Manasi Shirke ◽  
Amer Harky
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complication ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Ischemic Bowel ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Life Threatening

Gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery may be uncommon but they carry high mortality rates. Incidences range from 0.5% to 5.5%, while mortality rates of such complications vary from 0.3% to 87%. They range from small gastrointestinal bleeds, ileus, and pancreatitis to life-threatening complications such as liver failure and ischemic bowel. Due to the vague and often absence of specific signs and symptoms, diagnosis of a gastrointestinal complication is often late. This article aims to review and summarize the literature concerning gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery. We discuss the causes, risk factors, diagnosis, preventative measures, and management of these complications. In general, risk factor identification, preventive measures, early diagnosis, and swift management are the keys to reducing the occurrence of gastrointestinal complications and their associated morbidity and mortality.

Effect of perennial dust mites allergy on symptom severity of autumn allergic rhinitis in adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-371
Author(s):  
Qingqing Xu ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Luo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
Pollen Allergens ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
Artemisia Argyi ◽  
Ige Mediated

Background: Multiple immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated sensitizations and/or allergies often coexist in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Several simultaneous allergen exposures in multiple IgE-mediated sensitizations and/or allergies may increase the allergen load and be related to disease severity. No study has verified whether positive allergen serum IgE levels and allergen categories together are associated with AR severity in adults. Objective: To investigate the effects of perennial dust mites (DMs) allergy and multiple serum sIgE-mediated autumn pollen allergy coexistence on symptom severity in adult patients with AR in autumn. Methods: In total, 153 patients with AR and with autumn pollen allergy (Artemisia argyi, ragweed, and hop) with or without DMs allergy were recruited in the autumn pollen season. Symptom severity was assessed by using the Chinese version of the visual analog scale (VAS): four rhinitis symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal pruritus, and nasal congestion) and two ocular symptoms (ocular itching and/or grittiness and/or redness, and ocular tearing) were scored at approximately the same period. We measured allergen serum sIgE levels for the inhaled allergens. The effects of DMs allergy and multiple autumn pollen allergy coexistence on symptom severity were analyzed. Results: Neither the sum of the autumn pollen allergens categories (total number of positive autumn pollen allergens, i.e., Artemisia argyi or ragweed or hop positive: 1; Artemisia argyi and ragweed positive: 2; Artemisia argyi, ragweed, and hop positive: 3) nor serum sIgE levels( total sIgE levels of positive autumn pollen allergens) exerted any influence on the severity of nasal and ocular symptoms (p > 0.05). When the concomitant DMs allergy status was considered, the sum of the positive autumn pollen allergen categories and accumulated positive autumn pollen and DMs serum sIgE levels (total levels of serum sIgE of positive autumn pollen allergens plus the levels of serum sIgE of DMs) had no influence on patients’ symptom severity (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The coexistence of perennial DMs allergy and multiple autumn pollen allergy did not affect the severity of symptoms among adult patients with AR and with autumn pollen allergy in autumn.

scholarly journals Transmission, Stability, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Management of COVID 19

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
P. G. I. Dias ◽  
R. M. U. S. K. Rathnayaka
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Permanent Cure ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Corona Viruses

COVID 19 can be considered as the most devastating pandemics that happened in the 21st century. Many researches on its virology, epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, and treatments are ongoing. Studies on the causative virus of COVID 19 has been successfully carried out. Its genome has been sequenced, analyzed and compared with other corona viruses in those studies. Some studies on disease transmission also been carried out and as an outcome of those studies, information about the stability of the virus in different conditions and sources of disease transmission are available. Symptoms of the disease also been successfully identified and diagnosis methods to identify infected patients are also been developed. Preventive measures for the disease also been published and implemented in many countries. However, at the time of writing, there is no permanent cure for this viral infection and it would take time to develop a vaccine and/or other medicine for this disease.

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