scholarly journals Detection of auxinic compounds in germinating seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Amanda Alejandra Oliva-Hernández ◽  
Jesús Di Carlo Quiroz-Velásquez ◽  
Jesus Gerardo García-Olivares ◽  
Israel García-León ◽  
Cristian Lizarazo-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Intermediate Metabolites ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Tryptophan (TRP) is a metabolite from which several important metabolic syntheses arise in plants, animals, and humans. In bacteria and fungi, it is a precursor of Indole Acetic acid (IAA) using various metabolic pathways. The objective of this study is the detection of intermediate metabolites in the synthesis of IAA in seeds of several species in the germination process. In the study, seeds of plant species grown in deionized water were placed in order to stimulate germination and samples were taken every 24 hours. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the detection of the compounds. The results show that the pH of the medium is altered and there is no pattern of behavior. Regarding the detected compounds, in addition to TRP, there is indole-3-acetamide (IAM), 3-indoleacetonitrile (IAN), tryptamine (TRM), which are part of the TRP-dependent routes, since they use this amino acid as a precursor. Anthranilic acid (AA) and kynurenine (KYN), which are part of the Independent TRP pathway, were also detected. IAA and TRP were also detected during the germination process of the studied seeds (Sorghum bicolor, T aesativum, Zea mayz, Phaseolus vulgaris, G. hirsutum, Cucurbita maxima). Finally, it was observed that the seeds, due to weight loss, suffer physical wear during the germination process, since there is a difference between the initial dry weight and the weight of the seeds at the end of the study.

scholarly journals Physiologically Active Compounds in Four Species of Phellinus

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sułkowska-Ziaja ◽  
Anna Maślanka ◽  
Agnieszka Szewczyk ◽  
Bożena Muszyńska
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Indole Compounds ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Free Phenolic Acids ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Physiologically Active Compounds

The content of two groups of compounds with biological activity (non-hallucinogenic indole compounds and free phenolic acids) were analyzed in extracts of fruiting bodies of four species of Phellinus: P. igniarius, P. pini, P. pomaceus and P. robustus. The presence of indole compounds in methanolic extracts was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography coupled with densitometric detection. Three metabolites (serotonin, tryptamine, and L-tryptophan) were identified. The contents of individual indole compounds ranged from 1.70 (tryptamine in P. robustus) to 8.32 mg x 100 g1 dry weight (L-tryptophan in P. robustus). Four free phenolic acids were detected in methanolic extracts by the HPLC method. The total content ranged from 9.9 mg x 100 g1 DW (P. igniarius) to 32.5 mg x 100 g1 DW (P. robustus).

Properties of Random PSF/PES Copolymers as High-Performance Polymers

2011 ◽  
Vol 217-218 ◽  
pp. 1606-1610
Author(s):  
Dong Jiang ◽  
Xiao Ran Zhang ◽  
Yan Mei Ma ◽  
Cheng You Ma
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
High Performance Polymers ◽  
Diphenyl Sulfone

A series of random polysulfone/polyethersulfone (PSF/PES) copolymers were synthesized by the polycondensation of 4, 4'-isopropylidendiphenol, 4, 4΄-dihyolroxy diphenyl sulfone and 4, 4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone in the presence of K2CO3. We obtained a series of copolymers by changing the molar ratio of 4, 4΄-dihyolroxy diphenyl sulfone and 4, 4'-isopropylidendiphenol (it was marked as the ratio of S:A). The copolymers have the similar solubility with polyethersulfone. They also have high glass transition temperatures (Tg: 199°C~229°C) and 5% weight loss temperatures (4, 4'-isopropylidendiphenol: 4, 4΄-dihyolroxy diphenyl sulfone=1:1, Td5=497°C). At the same time the elongation at break is much higher than that of PES, while the tensile strength is a little lower than that of PES.

scholarly journals Serum Metabolic Profiles of Chinese Women With Perimenopausal Obesity Explored by the Untargeted Metabolomics Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Ding ◽  
Mingyi Chen ◽  
Ying Liao ◽  
Qiliang Chen ◽  
Xuejuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics

By far, no study has focused on observing the metabolomic profiles in perimenopause-related obesity. This study attempted to identify the metabolic characteristics of subjects with perimenopause obesity (PO). Thirty-nine perimenopausal Chinese women, 21 with PO and 18 without obesity (PN), were recruited in this study. A conventional ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) followed by principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used as untargeted metabolomics approaches to explore the serum metabolic profiles. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and MetaboAnalyst were used to identify the related metabolic pathways. A total of 46 differential metabolites, along with seven metabolic pathways relevant to PO were identified, which belonged to lipid, amino acids, carbohydrates, and organic acids. As for amino acids, we found a significant increase in l-arginine and d-ornithine in the positive ion (POS) mode and l-leucine, l-valine, l-tyrosine, and N-acetyl-l-tyrosine in the negative ion (NEG) mode and a significant decrease in l-proline in the POS mode of the PO group. We also found phosphatidylcholine (PC) (16:0/16:0), palmitic acid, and myristic acid, which are associated with the significant upregulation of lipid metabolism. Moreover, the serum indole lactic acid and indoleacetic acid were upregulated in the NEG mode. With respect to the metabolic pathways, the d-arginine and d-ornithine metabolisms and the arginine and proline metabolism pathways in POS mode were the most dominant PO-related pathways. The changes of metabolisms of lipid, amino acids, and indoleacetic acid provided a pathophysiological scenario for Chinese women with PO. We believe that the findings of this study are helpful for clinicians to take measures to prevent the women with PO from developing severe incurable obesity-related complications, such as cardiovascular disease and stroke.

scholarly journals Effect of N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) on callus induction and survival rate on mature embryos of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Sattar A. Shlahi ◽  
Zahra N. Hashim Al- Hattab
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Survival Percentage

This research was conducted to study the effect of the chemical mutagen N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine on the percentage of callus induction and survival from mature beans embryos harvester cultivar. Seeds were treated with (0.2 or 0.4) millimolar of the mutagen NTG in combination with 0.0, 4 or 8% of ethanol, pH 5 ±2 0. for 24 h. Calli were induced on mature embryos by using MS medium with 0.5 mg/l of Benzyl adenine (BA), 1 mg/l Indole acetic acid (IAA) and 100 mg/l from each of Casein hydrolysate, Glycine, Asparagine, Tyrosine, and Myo-Inositol. Results showed that the hypocotyl surpassed the radical and the plume significantly in terms of survival reached 56.3%. Mutagen treatments showed asignificant effect on calli survival. Treatment with 8% Ethanol was lethal for all explants. While treatment with 0.4 mM NTG without Ethanol gaved the highest survival rate. The interaction between the treatments and the explants showed that the lowest survival percentage was which 8.8% that was for shoots treated with 0.2 mM of 4% Ethanol. Calli induced on hypocotyls treated with 0.4 mM NTG without Ethanol gave the highest fresh weight (347.2) mg while the lowest was (60) mg for calli induced on the radical treated with 0.4 mM NTG with 4% Ethanol. Moreover the highest dry weight was 22.5 mg for calli induced from hypocotyls treated with 0.4 millimolar NTG without Ethanol that was higher than the control 17.2 mg.The lowest dry weight obtained from calli induced on the radical treated with 0.4 mM NTG with 4% Ethanol was 3 mg. In conclusion the results showed that 0.4 mM NTG without Ethanol gave the highest survival rate and the highest fresh and dry weight for calli induced on the hypocotyl.

scholarly journals Influence of Indole acetic acid and Tryptophan on production of Vinblastine and Vincristine of Catharanthus roseous callus cells in the accumulation media of In Vitro tissue culture

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Technique

This study on the plant of Ain –AL Bason Catharanthus roseous showed the ability of callus cells that is produced by In Vitro culture technique and transformed to the accumulated media (MS 40gm/L sucrose ,2gm/L IAA Indole acetic acid , 0.5gm/L Tryptophan) to produce Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds. Extraction, purification and quantitive determination of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds using High performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC)were carried out. The results showed that the highest concentration of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds were ( 4.653,12.5 (ppm /0.5 dry Wight respectively from transformed callus cells from MS 40 gm /L sucrose , 2 gm / L NAA Naphthaline acetic acid .

Variation of Taxane Content in Needles of Taxus x media Cultivars with Different Growth Characteristics

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinkun Wang ◽  
Yinghua Huang ◽  
Andrew J. Mort ◽  
Yuhong Zeng ◽  
Charles G. Tauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Baccatin Iii ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Taxus X Media ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Group 1

AbstractNeedles from 17 different Taxus x media cultivars, belonging to 4 groups showing different growth characteristics, were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography for their content of 10-deacetylbaccatin III, baccatin III, cephalomannine and paclitaxel (Taxol®). The 4 Taxus x media cultivar groups were: 1.) medium to fast growing and upright form; 2.) slow growing and upright form; 3.) fast growing and spreading form; and 4.) slow growing and spreading form. The purpose of this study was to identify yew cultivars of fast growth rate, upright growth and high taxane content in their needles. The highest content of paclitaxel was found in ‘Coleana’ of group 1 (378 μg/g of the extracted dry weight). Three cultivars in group 1, ‘Coleana’, ‘Stovekenii’ and ‘Hicksii’, make good candidates for taxane extraction because of their high paclitaxel and 10-deacetylbaccatin III content, fast biomass accumulation and upright growing form. They are also good starting materials to develop alternative methods for the production of paclitaxel and its analogous compounds through modern biotechnology approaches.

scholarly journals Effect of Ultraviolet-C Radiation and Melatonin Stress on Biosynthesis of Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Metabolites Produced in In Vitro Callus Cultures of Lepidium sativum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asad Ullah ◽  
Duangjai Tungmunnithum ◽  
Laurine Garros ◽  
Samantha Drouet ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

Lepidium sativum L. is a rich source of polyphenols that have huge medicinal and pharmaceutical applications. In the current study, an effective abiotic elicitation strategy was designed for enhanced biosynthesis of polyphenols in callus culture of L. sativum. Callus was exposed to UV-C radiations for different time intervals and various concentrations of melatonin. Secondary metabolites were quantified by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results indicated the total secondary metabolite accumulation of nine quantified compounds was almost three fold higher (36.36 mg/g dry weight (DW)) in melatonin (20 μM) treated cultures, whereas, in response to UV-C (60 min), a 2.5 fold increase (32.33 mg/g DW) was recorded compared to control (13.94 mg/g DW). Metabolic profiling revealed the presence of three major phytochemicals, i.e., chlorogenic acid, kaemferol, and quercetin, in callus culture of L. sativum. Furthermore, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and enzymatic activities of callus cultures were significantly enhanced. Maximum antidiabetic activities (α-glucosidase: 57.84%; α-amylase: 62.66%) were recorded in melatonin (20 μM) treated callus cultures. Overall, melatonin proved to be an effect elicitor compared to UV-C and a positive correlation in these biological activities and phytochemical accumulation was observed. The present study provides a better comparison of both elicitors and their role in the initiation of physiological pathways for enhanced metabolites biosynthesis in vitro callus culture of L. sativum.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity in Pumpkin Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2092098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Khalid Abbas ◽  
He-Xun Huang ◽  
Wen-Jie Huang ◽  
Shu-Dan Xue ◽  
Shi-Juan Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Β Carotene

Cucurbita species ( Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita maxima) are rich sources of nutrients, especially carotenoids and carbohydrates. Metabolites in pulps of C. moschata and C. maxima lines were examined by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Our results revealed that glucose and sucrose were the dominant sugars in C. maxima and C. moschata, respectively. A correlation was found between Brix percentage and sucrose levels as compared with glucose and fructose. A greater amount of myo-inositol had accumulated in C. moschata lines compared with C. maxima. Conversely, total carotenoids and antioxidant activity were found to be higher in C. maxima lines than in C. moschata. A strong correlation of glucose, fructose, and sucrose with β-carotene and violaxanthin revealed that it will be difficult to develop pumpkin cultivars with both high inositol and carotenoid levels. In conclusion, the composition of carbohydrates and carotenoids was more diverse in C. moschata lines than in C. maxima lines. Our results will contribute to a better understanding of metabolite changes in the fruits of these as well as other pumpkin species.

scholarly journals Individual and Combined Coatings of Chitosan and Carnauba Wax with Oregano Essential Oil to Avoid Water Loss and Microbial Decay of Fresh Cucumber

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
María Melissa Gutiérrez-Pacheco ◽  
Luis Alberto Ortega-Ramírez ◽  
Brenda Adriana Silva-Espinoza ◽  
Manuel Reynaldo Cruz-Valenzuela ◽  
Gustavo Adolfo González-Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Oregano Essential Oil ◽  
Carnauba Wax ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Combined Coatings

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of individual and combined coatings of chitosan (0.008 g·mL−1) and carnauba wax (0.1 g·mL−1) with oregano essential oil (OEO, 0.08 g·mL−1) to reduce dehydration and microbial decay of fresh cucumbers stored at 10 °C. Chitosan-OEO-wax films showed the lowest water vapor transmission rate (0.141 g·m−2·h−1), compared to single chitosan films (0.257 g·m−2·h−1). While chitosan-OEO films completely inhibited the in vitro growth of Alternaria alternata and reduced the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7, mesophilic bacteria, and fungi isolated from decayed cucumbers. Besides, the infrared analysis of chitosan-OEO-wax films showed shifts in O–H and N–H absorption bands, indicating possible hydrogen bonding between the components. Wax and wax-OEO were the most effective coatings to prevent weight loss in cucumbers during 15 days of storage at 10 °C, while the most effective antimicrobial treatments were chitosan and chitosan-OEO. Therefore, these results showed that carnauba wax and carnauba wax-OEO coatings were the most effective in weight loss, whereas chitosan and chitosan-OEO were the most effective to reduce the microbial load of the treated fresh cucumber.

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