scholarly journals Nutūl as an effective and time tested regimenal modality in Unani system of medicine: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Mohd Nayab ◽  
Fatima Khan ◽  
Abdul Nasir Ansari ◽  
Tariq Nadeem Khan ◽  
Malik Itrat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
Neurological Effect ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problems ◽  
Treatment Plans

Ilāj bit tadbīr is one of the treatment plans in the Unani system of medicine which includes the modification in asbāb-i-sitta zarooriya (six essential factors) through certain interventions. Nutūl or irrigation is a classical and effective method in regimenal therapy which refers to pouring or dripping of liquid slowly and steadily over the body part from a pre-fixed height. The benefits achieved are an amalgamation of neurological effect, psychological effect and pharmacological actions of the procedure and the drugs used. For this purpose, usually water, oil or medicated decoction is poured from a height over specific sites of body in certain diseases. Therapeutically, nutūl is effective in various ways such as dispersing the causative morbid matter from the part, normalizing the mal-temperament, relieving pain, increasing the circulation, etc. It is specifically useful as an adjuvant treatment in the management of central nervous system disorders like headache, insomnia, migraine, amnesia, melancholia, vertigo, epilepsy and also in certain other disorders like cystitis, mastitis, arthralgia, etc. These therapeutic effects are expected due to the kafiyat (quality) of liquid and the constituents of the formulation used in the procedure. Nutūl has an analgesic effect also, hence, recommended in several Musculoskeletal problems such as waja-ul-mafasil (osteoarthritis), waja-uz-zahr (low backache), waja-ul-azlat (myalgia), irq-un-nasa (sciatica), etc. The exact mechanism of action of Nutūl therapy is still not known but few preliminary reports suggested that it has an anxiolytic effect through decreasing the plasma noradrenaline and urinary serotonin excretion, decrease in rate of breathing, reduction in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate with lowered sympathetic tone. Keywords: Taḥlīl; Kafiyat; Mizāj; Tadbīr; Joshānda

Material and Posture Modeling for Sleeping on Soft Low-Density Porous Material

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Yamaguchi ◽  
Hajime Kimura ◽  
Atsushi Sakuma ◽  
Kazushige Takahashi ◽  
Shigetoshi Mimura
Keyword(s):  
Physical Model ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Physical Parameters

Sleeping is one of the most important factors that influence the quality of human life, and this state of existence should be thoroughly investigated to improve the quality of the life. The mechanical design of bedding has great influence on the comfort of a mattress. Thus, objective and conventional techniques to evaluate the mechanics of mattress comfort could help improve the quality of sleep. In this report, an analysis technique for the assessment of the sleeping posture of humans is presented to facilitate the development of mattress design technology. Herein, an analytical model which imitates the human body has been formulated to determine the design parameters of a mass-spring-joint system on a soft underlay. The physical model is composed of five components that represent the head, chest, hip, femur, and calf, with each body part being represented by a simple ball model. The spring joint connecting the five parts reflects the neck, lumbar, hip, and knee joints. The specifications of the body model are determined by actual measurements and previous studies. In order to determine the physical properties of the mattress, two types of mattress urethane foam material are tested using the ball indenter method. The parameters include Young’s modulus, plateau stress, and other physical parameters. Variation due to the type of mattress has been observed in the laying test using a pressure distribution sensor sheet. In the analysis performed using the physical model, the variation in the lying posture and the extent of body sinking are observed to be the same during experiments. Both variations are compared using the change in force distribution in each body part. In conclusion, it was found that the observed changes in distribution are the same in the experimental and physical models. Therefore, the proposed model reliably reflects the design characteristics of the mattress.

PP222 Efficacy And Safety Of Foot Reflexology

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
Mª del Mar Trujillo-Martín ◽  
Tasmania Del Pino.Sedeño ◽  
Beatriz Leon-salas ◽  
Javier García García ◽  
Néstor Benitez Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Anxiety Levels

IntroductionFoot reflexology is a type of complementary manual therapy that consists of applying pressure or massage to the sole of the foot to produce various therapeutic effects in other body areas or organs. This technique has been used in many different clinical indications, but there is uncertainty about its real effect. A health technology assessment (HTA) was conducted to analyze the efficacy and safety of foot reflexology within the framework of the “Health Protection Plan Against Pseudo-Therapies,” which was established in 2018 by the Spanish Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Science and Innovation.MethodsA systematic review and metanalysis was conducted to synthesize the available scientific literature on the efficacy and safety of foot reflexology in people of any age with any disease or medical condition.ResultsSixty-eight randomized controlled studies were included. Pooled estimates indicated that foot reflexology had no effect on pain, fatigue, depression, quality of life, quality of sleep, or blood pressure, compared with non-reflexological foot massage. Improvements in pain (standardized mean difference [SMD] −1.11, 95% CI: −1.70 - −0.52), fatigue (SMD −0.93, 95% CI: −1.36 - −0.51), sleep quality (SMD −1.11, 95% CI: −1.68 - −0.34), and systolic (mean difference [MD] −7.36, 95% CI: −8.49 - −6.23) and diastolic (MD −5.07, 95% CI: −0.98 - −0.22) blood pressure were obtained when reflexology was compared with usual care or no intervention. In the case of anxiety levels, the benefit obtained with foot reflexology compared with any comparator (SMD −0.6, 95% CI: −0.98 - −0.22) was attenuated when compared with non-reflexological foot massage (SMD −0.2, 95% CI: −0.36 - −0.03). Very few studies reported on the safety of foot reflexology.ConclusionsThere was no evidence for any specific effect of reflexology for any condition when compared with non-reflexological foot massage, except for a positive effect on anxiety levels.

Therapeutic use of Indian ragas on various diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (63) (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Mysore Nagarajan MAMATHA ◽  
◽  
Shachee S. BHAT ◽  
AnneGowda GEETA KIRAN ◽  
Ramaiah Krishna BHARATHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Harmful Effects

: With the rapid and fast-paced life, balancing work pressure is not easy. Many people are affected by mental stress, anxiety, depression and hypertension diseases causing harmful effects in physical and mental disorders. The medical treatment for these diseases cannot affect the root cause. The medicine causes relief in only part of affected portion. Medication may also cause side effect which may further hamper the body part. Music can play a powerful position in assisting us to lead better, fruitful lives. Listening to precise sorts of song notes at precise instances of the day has been proven to be beneficial in preserving top health. Indian songs, with its many Ragas, is understood to be specially healing value. The healing strength of song emanates from the resonance of sure ragas on hormonal and glandular capabilities which produce secretions that preserve the frame balanced and contamination free. This work describes the influence of music therapy on brain for different Indian music. The results showed that the music therapy causes improvement for subject’s blood pressure Improvement over a period of three months’ time.

scholarly journals The study of medication adherence in patients with arterial hypertension in the practice of a family doctor

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
К. Vovk ◽  
O. Sokruto ◽  
A. Кratenko ◽  
R. Redkin ◽  
N. Orlovetska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brain Vessels

The treatment of arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the most significant problems of modern internal medicine. Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, mainly coronary heart disease and damage tothe brain vessels. Medication adherence (MA) is a complex problem in patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases, especially AH.Aim. To study MA when treating patients with AH in a real Ukrainian out-patient practice for 8 weeks.Materials and methods. The sample of 274 patients with AH included men and women over 18 years old with the initial level of office systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 140-179 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 99-100 mm Hg against the background of the antihypertensive therapy or without it. Initially, BP was measured at the doctor’s office (office blood pressure) in all patients who were enrolled in the study; the body mass index (BMI), as well as risk factors were calculated, and the concomitant therapy was assessed. The quality of life was determined by a visual analog scale (VAS score). Patient adherence to the drug therapy was evaluated using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS).Results and discussion. To conduct the study according the MMAS test all patients were distributed in two groups with low MA (MMAS = 3 or 4, n = 181) or high MA (MMAS ≤ 2, n = 93) by the psychometric scale. The results of the MMAS test obtained were confirmed by the reliability parameter used in psychometrics (Cronbach’s Alpha ˃ 0.7). It was found at the end of the study that BP levels less than 140/90 mm Hg of 50.6 % of the Low MA group patients and 47.7 % of the High MA group patients were reached. A decrease in SBP < 140 mm Hg or a decrease in 20 mm Hg and more from the initial level, as well as a decrease in DBP < 90 mm Hg or 10 mm Hg and more was observed in 98.8% of patients in the Low MA group and in 98.4 % in the High MA group. After 8 weeks of observation, the quality of life significantly improved in both groups; however, in the Low MA group this improvement was more pronounced – more than 85 points instead of 82.8 by the VAS scores for the High MA group.Conclusions. The effectiveness of the AH treatment and achievement in the target BP level depend on the patient’s MA. Regular visits to the family doctor’s clinic mobilize patients, and are one of the factors that increase adherence to the treatment, along with pharmaceutical care.

scholarly journals Anticonvulsants to treat idiopathic restless legs syndrome: systematic review

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2b) ◽  
pp. 431-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Fiquene Conti ◽  
Márcio Moysés de Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Spelta Valbuza ◽  
Lucila Bizari F. Prado ◽  
Luciane Bizari Coin de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Anticonvulsant Treatment

BACKGROUND: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensory motor disorder characterized by a distressing urge to move the legs and sometimes also other parts of the body usually accompanied by a marked sense of discomfort or pain in the leg or other affected body part. Many treatments have been used to minimize the discomfort of the disease, among them the anticonvulsant therapy. AIM: This review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anticonvulsant treatment for idiopathic RLS. METHOD: Systematic review of randomized or quasi-randomized, double blind trials on anticonvulsant treatment for RLS. Outcomes: relief of RLS symptoms, subjective and objective sleep quality, quality of life, and adverse events associated with the treatments. RESULTS: A total of 231 patients were randomized in three cross over studies and one parallel study. Three studies with carbamazepine, one with sodium valproate, and one with gabapentin, and they were very heterogeneous so we could not perform a metanalyses. CONCLUSIONS: There is no scientific evidence on RLS treatment with anticonvulsants for clinical practice.

scholarly journals Аnalysis of the technical and dosimetric characteristics of the brachytherapy afterloaders. Ring applicator

Doklady BGUIR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
D. I. Kazlouski ◽  
Y. V. Titovich ◽  
Y. I. Kazlouskaya
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quality Control Procedure ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Control Procedures

A study of the technical and dosimetry characteristics of brachytherapy afterloaders and applicators was carried out. Ring applicator has been taken as an example, the correctness of positioning of a radiation source (RS) inside the applicators was tested as part of the comissioning and quality control procedure of the brachytherapy applicators. The magnitudes of inconsistencies in the position of RS were established when planning and implementing treatment plans for radiation therapy. The identification of the values of the discrepancy was carried out using the obtained X-ray images of the applicator at the time of the implementation of the irradiation plans. The treatment plan was a sequential positioning of RS in the body of the applicator in each active position with a minimum step from the tip to the vaginal part of the applicator. The X-ray image was obtained by locating the source sequentially at each active position of the applicator. When carrying out dosimetric planning, 3 methods of applicator reconstruction were used. The analysis revealed that the applicator reconstruction method affects the magnitude of the discrepancy in determining the position of the source in the lumen of the applicator ring. Using the methods of statistical analysis, the mean, median, maximum and minimum values of the detected deviations were calculated. The results are presented in the form of tables and graphs for all investigated stop positions of IRS. Based on the results of the study, we consider it expedient to carry out quality control procedures when putting applicators into clinical operation. Based on the results obtained, we consider it acceptable to conduct a quality control procedure for the positioning accuracy of radiation sources in the applicators at least 1 time per month. Taking into account the results of the study when carrying out dosimetric planning will improve the quality of the irradiation sessions using the brachytherapy method, thereby improving the quality of oncological care for the population.

scholarly journals Effect of traditional Asian exercise on patients with chronic heart failure: a protocol for network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e048891
Author(s):  
Jianglin Xu ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Lintong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionChronic heart failure (CHF) is a common disease worldwide, and imposes a substantial burden to the healthcare system. In CHF, limited exercise capacity and affected mental well-being leads to a reduced quality of life (QOL). How to improve the QOL and exercise endurance is critical for patients with CHF. Exercise therapy, such as some traditional Asian exercises (TAEs) including Taichi, Baduanjin and Yoga, plays an important role in the rehabilitation of patients with CHF. TAE is suitable for the rehabilitation of patients with CHF because of its soft movements and can relax the body and mind. Studies have shown that TAE can regulate the overall health status of the body and exercise tolerance, improve QOL and reduce rehospitalisation rate in patients with CHF. However, the difference in efficacy of TAE in patients with CHF is not yet clear. The main purpose of this study is to conduct a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomised trials to determine the impact of TAE on patients with CHF of different types, different causes and different New York Heart Association (NYHA) heart function classifications and to provide references for different types of patients with CHF to choose appropriate exercise rehabilitation therapy.Methods and analysisThe literature search will be retrieved from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, Chinese biomedical literature service system (SinoMed) and Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP) from the date of their inception until 1 August 2021. All randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effects of three different TAE therapies (Taichi, Baduanjin and Yoga) on patients with CHF will be included. The primary outcomes are peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2), exercise capacity (6-min walking distance) and QOL tested with the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include the levels of N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide, left ventricular ejection fraction, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. For included articles, two reviewers will independently extract the data, and Cochrane Collaboration’s tool will be used to assess risk of bias. We will perform the Bayesian NMA to pool all treatment effects. The ranking probabilities for the optimal intervention of various treatments (Taichi, Baduanjin or Yoga) will be estimated by the mean ranks and surface under the cumulative ranking curve. Subgroup analysis for different types, different causes and different NYHA heart function classifications of CHF will be performed. We will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system to assess the quality of evidence contributing to each network estimate.Ethics and disseminationThe results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. They will provide useful information to inform clinicians on the potential functions of TAE in CHF, and to provide consolidated evidence for clinical practice and further research of TAE.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020179304.

scholarly journals Aroma-therapeutic Effects of Massage Blended Essential Oils on Humans

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapanee Hongratanaworakit
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Behavioral Arousal ◽  
Emotional Level ◽  
Relaxing Effect

Although blended essential oils are increasingly being used for the improvement of the quality of life and for the relief of various symptoms in patients, the scientific evaluation of the aroma-therapeutic effects of blended essential oils in humans is rather scarce. In this study, we hypothesized that applying blended essential oil would provide a synergistic effect that would have a chance for success in treating depression or anxiety. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the blended essential oil on autonomic parameters and on emotional responses in humans following transdermal absorption. The blended essential oil consisted of lavender and bergamot oils. Human autonomic parameters, i.e. blood pressure, pulse rate, breathing rate, and skin temperature, were recorded as indicators of the arousal level of the autonomic nervous system. In addition, subjects had to rate their emotional condition in terms of relaxation, vigor, calmness, attentiveness, mood, and alertness in order to assess subjective behavioral arousal. Forty healthy volunteers participated in the experiments. Blended essential oil was applied topically to the skin of the abdomen of each subject. Compared with placebo, blended essential oil caused significant decreases of pulse rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which indicated a decrease of autonomic arousal. At the emotional level, subjects in the blended essential oil group rated themselves as ‘more calm’ and ‘more relaxed’ than subjects in the control group. This finding suggests a decrease of subjective behavioral arousal. In conclusion, our investigation demonstrates the relaxing effect of a mixture of lavender and bergamot oils. This synergistic blend provides evidence for its use in medicine for treating depression or anxiety in humans.

scholarly journals 3D Body Scan as Anthropometric Tool for Individualized Prosthetic Socks

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Lindell ◽  
Hanna Tingsvik ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Joel Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Body Scanning ◽  
The Right ◽  
Body Scanner

Abstract Every year, approximately 3,000 people in Sweden undergo amputation of a body part. The use of a prosthesis can greatly improve the quality of life for these people. To improve the fit and comfort of a prosthesis, a sock is used as an interface between the prosthesis socket and the stump. A three-dimensional (3D) body scanner can be used to take measurements that are used to produce individualized socks that improve fit and comfort. The standardized method for taking measurements with a 3D body scanner often requires a standing position and hence a new scanning method is needed to improve the accessibility for 3D body scanning. This study aimed to create a scanning scenario and an algorithm for scanning amputation stumps for individualizing prosthesis socks for upper-body amputations. Vitronic VITUSSMART LC 3D Body Scanner was used in this study. The results show a seated position with arms slightly away from the body, scanned at 45° as the best. To measure the right upper arm and the left armpit, the best was to scan at a 315° angle. Paired t-tests showed no significant differences compared with the 3D body scanner of traditional manual measurements. The proposed method exhibited good relative reliability and potential to facilitate the customization of prosthetic socks for amputees.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Kritis Neurosains Terhadap Konsep Qalb Menurut Al-Ghazali

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-87
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nasruddin ◽  
Abdul Muiz
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Brain

The human body was created very special by God. inside there is a special body part in the form of the brain, and neuroscience is the science that discusses in full the brain from various scientific disciplines. In the study of Islam, qalb is the most important part in the good and bad quality of human faith which is studied in depth in Sufism to the purity of the soul. And Imam Al-Ghazali became one of the Sufi figures who explained in detail about the Qalb. That neuroscience views qalb in Islam as part of the human brain, on the functional basis between the brain and qalb both receive information, spiritual intelligence / qalbiah, spiritual, controlling / coordinating center of the body, and emotional. The brain and qalb, according to Al-Ghazali, both have similarities in the four elements namely controlling the body, knowledge, emotions, and spirituality. And the difference between the two, namely the two different dimensions between the scientific and divine dimensions, so the benchmarks of truth are very different.

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