scholarly journals Legal Protection for The Indigenous Law Communities and Their Traditional Rights Based on the Verdict of the Constitutional Court

2019 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 90-108
Author(s):  
Putera Astomo ◽  
Asrullah Asrullah

This study covers the problems related to the regulation of Adat (Indigenous) law communities. First, the Law Number 41 of 1999 on Forestry categorizes indigenous forests as State Forest. Therefore, the state has the authority to stipulate indigenous forests as long as the relevant Indigenous Law Communities are still existed and recognized. Second, the Law Number 27 of 2007 on Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands provides opportunities for owners of large capital through Coastal Water Concession Rights (HP-3), but the substance does not provide space for coastal communities especially fishermen carrying out economic activities in coastal areas. Due to limited capital and technology, coastal communities are not able to compete with large capital owners hence the poverty level of fishermen keeps increasing. Finally, the Law Number 41 of 1999 on Forestry and the Law Number 27 of 2007 on Management of Small Coastal Areas and Islands tested materially to the Constitutional Court. The research method used in this study is normative legal research. The results of the research are forms of legal protection against the existence of indigenous law communities and their traditional rights, which include protection of their indigenous rights over the status and management of indigenous forests and their protection over the management of coastal areas and small islands.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121

As the largest archipelagic state in the world, most provinces in Indonesia have coastal areas with different physical characteristics. In addition, Indonesia has small islands located on the outer side of the country. So far, there are unclear regulations and management to protect the ecological environment in these areas, as well as legal protection for residents. This study seeks to analyze the sustainability management in coastal waters and development planning of small islands to ensure environmental justice for fishermen communities with special reference to Law No. 1 of 2014 regarding the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands. This study also wants to analyze the obstacles in the implementation of Law No. 1 of 2014 regarding Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands. The results showed that the coastal waters management scheme according to the law is carried out through the mechanism of location permits and management permits and requires that the permits granted must not violate the decision of the Constitutional Court. In addition, in this law, the government grants the community the right to propose the preparation of Strategic Zoning Plan for the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands.


2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Nurul Huda ◽  
A.H. Asy’ari T. ◽  
Yusuf Saefudin ◽  
Muhammad Bahrus Syakirin

Law no. 27 of 2007 on Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands has the basis of consideration dimension of economic prosperity. The Act obtained Judicial Review to the Constitutional Court due to the rights of Coastal Waters Concession (HP-3). This article examines how the existence of indigenous and tribal peoples who have the right to be protected by the state constitution and how the legal analysis of the Judicial Review of the Act is reviewed. This research was conducted by a normative juridical method. The results show that indigenous and tribal peoples have not fully existed in the regulation and legal politics of Indonesia, particularly in the management of coastal areas and small islands. Judicial Review conducted to the Constitutional Court through Decision No. 3/ PUU-VIII / 2010 states that in certain articles in Law No. 27 of 2007 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands is contrary to the state constitution and has no binding power, which relates to Coastal Waters Rights which tend to be more liberal/capitalist because it can only be utilized by the owner of capital.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahrus Ali ◽  
Zaka Firma Aditya ◽  
Abdul Basid Fuadi

Sepuluh tahun yang lalu putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 3/PUU-VIII/2010 telah menegaskan bahwa  bahwa pemberian hak pengusahaan perairan pesisir (HP3) oleh pemerintah kepada pihak swasta bertentangan dengan konstitusi, terutama dengan Pasal 33 ayat (4) UUD 1945. Pembentuk undang-undang kemudian merespon putusan tersebut dengan merevisi UU Nomor 27 Tahun 2007 menjadi Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2007 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil. Revisi tersebut telah mengubah Rezim HP3 dari UU 27/2007 menjadi rezim perizinan dalam UU 1/2014. Sayangnya, perubahan tersebut justru menimbulkan berbagai persoalan mulai dari konflik antara undang-undang serta peraturan dibawah undang-undang yang pada akhirnya sangat berpotensi merugikan hak-hak konstitusional masyarakat pesisir pantai. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada aspek yuridis maupun sosiologis terkait perlindungan hak-hak konstitusional masyarakat pesisir pantai setelah Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 3/PUU-VIII/2010. Penelitian ini secara mendalam membahas mengenai tindaklanjut putusan MK a quo oleh pembentuk undang-undang, pemerintah pusat hingga pemerintah daerah dan stakeholder serta pemenuhan hak-hak konstitusional masyarakat pesisir pantai. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan cara meneliti Putusan MK Nomor 3/PUU-VIII/2010. Pembahasan secara deskriptif digunakan untuk memahami politik hukum pengelolaan wilayah pesisir sebagai upaya memenuhi hak-hak konstitusional masyarakat pesisir pantai. Disamping itu, Pengelolaan wilayah pesisir secara terpadu yang merupakan proses yang dinamis, multidisiplin, dan berulang untuk mempromosikan pengelolaan kawasan pesisir yang berkelanjutan. Termasuk seluruh siklus pengumpulan informasi, perencanaan, pengambilan keputusan, manajemen dan pemantauan implementasi. Ten years ago, the Constitutional Court Decision Number 3/PUU-VIII/2010 confirmed that the granting of concession rights for coastal waters (after this: HP3) by the government to private parties was contrary against the constitution, especially Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution. Legislators then respond to the decision to revise Law No. 27 of 2007 as Law No. 1 of 2014 on the Amendment of Law No. 27 of 2007 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands. The revision has changed the HP3 regime from Law 27/2007 to the licensing regime in Law 1/2014. Unfortunately, these changes would lead to various juridical problems ranging from conflict between the laws and regulations under legislation that ultimately is potentially detrimental to the constitutional rights of coastal communities. This research focuses on juridical and sociological aspects related to the coastal communities protection of constitutional rights after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 3/PUU-VIII/2010. This research in-depth discusses the follow-up of the Constitutional Court decision a quo by legislators, central government, local governments, stakeholders, and the fulfilment of the constitutional rights of coastal communities. This research is normative legal research by examining the Constitutional Court decision Number 3/PUU-VIII/2010. The descriptive discussion used to understand coastal zone management law's politics to fulfil the constitutional rights of coastal communities. Besides, integrated coastal zone management (Integrated Coastal Zone Management) is a dynamic process, multidisciplinary, and repeated to promote sustainable coastal areas' sustainable management. It includes the whole cycle of information collection, planning, decision-making, management, and implementation monitoring.


Jurnal Akta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Rita Permanasari ◽  
Akhmad Khisni

ABSTRAKKetentuan Pasal 4 dan Pasal 16 ayat (1) huruf f Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris mewajibkan notaris untuk menjaga kerahasiaan segala sesuatu mengenai akta yang dibuatnya dan segala keterangan yang diperoleh guna pembuatan akta sesuai dengan sumpah janji jabatan kecuali undang-undang menentukan lain. Kemungkinan terhadap pelanggaran kewajiban tersebut berdasarkan Pasal 16 ayat (11) Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris, seorang notaris dapat dikenai sanksi berupa teguran lisan sampai dengan pemberhentian dengan tidak hormat. Terlebih lagi dengan adanya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia dengan Nomor: 49/PUU–X/2012 memutuskan telah meniadakan atau mengakhiri kewenangan Majelis Pengawas Daerah (MPD) yang tercantum dalam Pasal 66 ayat (1) UUJN membuat notaris seakan-akan tidak ada perlindungan hukum bagi notaris dalam menjalankan tugas jabatannya. Ikatan Notaris Indonesia (INI) harus berusaha menjalankan peranan pembinaan dan perlindungan meningkatkan pengetahuan, kemampuan dan keterampilan para notaris. Demikian juga menjalin hubungan dengan para penegak hukum lainnya, agar penegak hukum lainnya yang ada hubungan dengan notaris dapat memahami kedudukan notaris sesuai UUJN.Berangkat dari pemikiran inilah kewajiban ingkar notaris masih tetap dipertahankan oleh pembuat undang-undang dalam revisi Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris Tahun 2014 yang merupakan konfigurasi kekuatan perlindungan terhadap profesi dan jabatan notaris dari sisi politik.Kata Kunci : Jabatan Notaris, Hak Ingkar, Perlindungan Hukum.ABSTRACTThe provisions of Article 4 and Article 16 paragraph (1) sub-paragraph f of the Notary's Office Law require a notary to maintain the confidentiality of all matters concerning the deeds it has made and all the information obtained for the deed in accordance with the oath of pledge of office except the law otherwise. The possibility of breach of such obligation under Article 16 paragraph (11) of Notary Law Regulation, a notary public may be subject to sanctions in the form of oral reprimands until dismissal with disrespect. Moreover, with the decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia with the number : 49 /PUU-X/2012 deciding to have canceled or terminated the authority of the Regional Supervisory Board (MPD) listed in Article 66 paragraph (1) UUJN made a notary as if there was no legal protection for a notary in performing duties. The Indonesian Notary Bond (INI) should endeavor to undertake the role of guidance and protection to increase the knowledge, abilities and skills of the notaries. Likewise establish relationships with other law enforcers, so that other law enforcement who has relationship with the notary can understand the position of notary under the UUJN.Departing from this thought the obligation of notarization is still maintained by the lawmakers in the revision of the Law Regulation of Position Notary on Year 2014 which is the configuration of the strength of the protection of the profession and the notary's position from the political side.Keyword : Position of Notary, Right of Remedy, Legal Protection.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
Robertus Berli Puryanto ◽  
I Nyoman Putu Budiartha ◽  
Ni Made Puspasutari Ujianti

Labor is something that is needed by an employing company in carrying out its economic activities. This can be seen in the constitutional arrangements of the Republic of Indonesia in Article 27 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In the implementation of the working relationship between workers and the employing company, there are several rights and obligations that must be fulfilled between the two parties. Because there are provisions regarding work agreements that are differentiated based on the form of the agreement, each worker has different rights where these rights must be guaranteed by the company based on law. From this, the problems that will be examined are legal protection for workers with an unwritten work agreement at the employing company, as well as legal remedies that can be taken by workers with an unwritten agreement in the event of a violation of rights by the company. The research method used is normative legal research, namely legal research conducted by examining existing library materials. By examining problems by looking at existing regulations, and describing problems that occur in practice or in everyday life in society. From the research conducted, it was found that legal protection for workers with an unwritten work agreement at the employing company is regulated based on Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower where the basis is that the applicable work agreement is an indefinite work agreement so that the rights obtained under the provisions of the law. Then efforts that can be made if there is a violation of the law in work relations is based on Law Number 20 of 2004 concerning Industrial Relations Dispute Settlement, namely in the form of Bipartite, Tripartite (Mediation, Consoliation and Arbitration) negotiations, as well as through Trials at the Industrial Relations Court.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Anita Kamilah

Sustainability of national development is the increase in the life of the community effort that is supported through the granting of credit facilities or loans, as the provision of money or bills that can be equated with that loan agreement borrow the returns are made on a period of time to come. In order to provide protection and reassurance against creditors in obtaining her credit refund, the Government ratified the Act No. 42 Year 1999 About the Fiduciary Guarantee gives the right to the lender through fiduciary certificates as material warranties that are submitted on the basis of trust, where the owner can still use his guarantee for economic activities. The ease, often abused the debtor not good intentioned one through the securing of objects belonging to third parties fiduciary are against the law to the detriment of creditors because it resulted in no fiduciary guarantee legitimately so the lender no longer has the right to obtain payment preferent precedence if the debtor tort in fulfilling the obligation payment of his credit. In addition, the owners of goods that harms his ownership was made the object of a fiduciary guarantee. Legal protection for owners of goods due to the securing of objects that are against the law of fiduciary relationships can do the prosecution indemnity as well as requesting removal of the disturbances a pleasure over the right material.Keywords: Fiduciary Certificates, Credit, Against The Law, Torts.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (101) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Marc Carrillo

Resumen:La previsión de la jurisdicción constitucional en la Constitución de 1978 ha sido un instrumento que ha reforzado su condición de norma jurídica. El indudable prestigio institucional del Tribunal Constitucional adquirido en los primeros años se ha visto reducido posteriormente por la influencia política en su composición y funcionamiento. La interpretación constitucional forma parte de la Teoría de la Constitución y los criterios hermenéuticos del empleados por el Tribunal han tenido una notable influencia en la jurisdicción ordinaria. Por otra parte, el sentido objetivo y las nuevas reglas sobre admisión del recurso individual (amparo), han permitido que el Tribunal pueda ejercer con mayor eficacia el juicio sobre la ley del Parlamento. Por otra parte, su función de garantía de losderechos fundamentales no puede ser concebida al margen del sistemaeuropeo de jurisdicción multinivel. Abstract:The provision of constitutional jurisdiction in the 1978 Constitution has been an instrument that has reinforced its status as a legal norm. The undoubted institutional prestige of the Constitutional Court acquired in the first years has been subsequently reduced by political influence on its composition and functioning. The constitutional interpretation forms part of the Theory of the Constitution and the hermeneutical criteria of the employees by the Court have had a notable influence in the ordinary jurisdiction. On the other hand, the objective meaning and the new rules on admission of the appeal for Constitutional rigth’s legal protection (amparo), has allowed the Court to exercise more effectively the judgment on the law of Parliament. On the other hand, its function of guaranteeing fundamental rights can not be conceived outside the European system of multilevel jurisdiction. Summary:1. The constitutional justice and the Constitutional Court. 2. The constitutional interpretation. 3. The control of constitutionality of the law. 4.-The objective meaning of the appeal for Constitutional rigth’s legal protection (amparo). 5. The conflicts of competences: the constitutional jurisdiction and the ordinary jurisdiction. 6. The sentence of the Constitutional Court and the Dissenting vote’s function. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anna Lucia Berardinelli

Small part of entire Brazil’s national territory is already demarcated as indigenous land. It has been revealed that the Natives were killed because of land issues, indicating that land issues and tenure rights are the epicenter of the problem. This article focuses on the cardinal point of Brazilian legal debates: keeping indigenous people’s tenure over the land they have been occupying immemorially. The analysis explores normative aspects on constitutional and legal protection over Brazilian indigenous rights and further scrutinizes the relevant case law that was settled before the Brazil’s Constitutional Court.


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Martinelli

Decision of Constitutional Court gives the child outside the civil status married to the biological father, the purpose of which provide legal protection to children outside of mating, so that the child’s rights as a whole can be obtained. The legal relationship between the child outside of mating with her biological father must be proven with science and technology and/or other evidence according to the law have blood relations.


2020 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
O.A. Belianevych ◽  

The article considers topical issues of constitutional and legal protection of state property as public property. The objective necessity of functioning of the public sector of the economy follows from the constitutional provisions on the obligation of the state to ensure the social orientation of the economy (part 2 of Article 13 of the Constitution) and political, economic and ideological diversity of public life in Ukraine (part 1 of Article 15 of the Constitution). It is substantiated that the provisions of Section I of the Law of Ukraine "On repealing the Law of Ukraine "On the list of state property objects not subject to privatization" do not comply with the provisions of Articles 1, parts one and two of Article 8 part 2 of Article 19, part four of Article 13, Article 16, part 1 of Article 17 of the Constitution of Ukraine (in their sys temlogical connection). It is determined that a mandatory element of the system of constitutional and legal protection of state property is the norm of paragraph 36 of part 1 of Article 85 of the Constitution of Ukraine, according to which the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine approves the list of state property not subject to privatization. Defining the range of objects that are not subject to privatization, the legislator uses such a technical and legal technique as the simultaneous enshrinement in the text of the Law "On privatization of state property" types of state property that are not subject to privatization (currently these are objects of national importance, and state-owned enterprises) and enshrining in a separate law a list of objects of state property rights, the privatization of which is not allowed. The norms of such laws form an integral element of the special legal regime of state property. Taking into account the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, it is determined that the list of objects of state property that are not subject to privatization may be subject to change taking into account the needs of socio-economic development of the country. It is substantiated that the repeal of the Law of Ukraine "On the list of objects of state property that is not subject to privatization" means the emergence of a gap in the system of legal protection of state property relations, which can not be filled in any other way than the adoption of the relevant law, and which will negatively affect the state’s performance of its social functions.


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