scholarly journals Search for alternative plant raw materials for food industry and environmentally safe animal breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Vladimirovna Solomonova ◽  
Nikolay Aleksandrovich Trusov ◽  
Tatyana Dmitrievna Nozdrina
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Plant Resource ◽  
Euonymus Europaeus ◽  
Environmentally Safe

The relevance of the search for alternative plant raw materials to enrich the diets of population throughout the world, including in the Russian Federation, is explained by global mass year-round insufficiency of biologically active nutrients in food. This work is aimed at identifying the most promising food plant species from the list, proposed on basis of long-term observations by staff of Tsytsin Main Moscow Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences (MBG RAS), by bachelors, studying in direction 06.03.01 (Biology) at Moscow State University of Food Production. The research materials (2016-2018) are fruits of hawthorns, rosehips, quince, eleutherococcuses, medlar, mahonia, spindle tree, yews, sumacs, oaks, red-fruited honeysuckles and needles of coniferous plants. Research results indicate the value of studied raw materials as a whole and its advantages in compared species within the genus of plants. Some recommendations for practical usage were made. The following things have been proposed: separation of fruit pulp and seeds before drying of fruits of Crataegus submollis and more preferable C. punctata; wide plantation cultivation of rosehips Rosa amblyotis and R. oxyodon; non-waste separate application of pericarp and seeds of Cydonia oblonga, Mespilus germanica and Mahonia aquifolium; medicinal use of fruits of Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus , and more preferable E. senticosus ; further study of cones of Taxus baccata and T. media; as a spice there is usage of fruits of Rhus typhina ; obtaining unique oils from fruit pulp of Lonicera glehnii, L . ferdinandii, L. maackii and arils of Euonymus europaeus; usage of acorns of Quercus robur, Q. rubra and needles of Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris in feed production. Thus, possibilities of intensifying plant resource usage in the food industry and agriculture were discovered, primarily due to fruits of native introduced species. It is necessary to continue search and further study of the most promising species - sources of alternative plant raw materials.

scholarly journals The content of macro- and microelements in plants of the genus Artemisia under conditions of introduction in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-209
Author(s):  
O. A. Коrablova ◽  
D. B. Rakhmetov ◽  
M. I. Shanaida ◽  
O. M. Vergun ◽  
Т. S. Bagatska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Artemisia Dracunculus ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Purpose. To determine mineral composition of plants of species of the genus Artemisia (A. dracunculus L., A. abrotanum L. and A. argyi H.Lév. & Vaniot) to determine the possibility of their safe use in the food and pharmaceutical industries of Ukraine. Methods. X‑ray fluorescence method for determining the elemental composition of plant raw materials. Results. The content of mineral elements in plants of the genus Artemisia was determined depending on their ability to absorb elements from the soil and accumulate in the roots and organs of the aerial part was determined. The quantitative content of 21 macro- and microelements was established, and some peculiarities of their migration and distribution in the soil – roots – plant system were revealed. In particular, the aerial part of the studied plants contains K, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn, which are the most important elements in the life of the plant organism. The content of mesoelements Ca and S is quite high. The amount of toxic elements Pb, Sr and Zr in plants is insignificant. Elements K and S accumulate in the aerial part. The content of elements in the aerial part of plants by decreasing their concentration can be represented in the form of the following series: for Artemisia dracunculus – S> K> Ca> Cl> Fe> Sr> Zn> Mn> Cu> Zr> Rb> Br> Cr; for A. abrotanum – K> Ca> S> Cl> Fe> Zn> Sr> Mn> Cu> Br> Cr> Co> Zr> Rb> Ni; for A. argyi – K> Ca> S> Fe> Cl> Sr> Zn> Mn> Co> Zr> Cu> Rb> Br> Se. The content of toxic elements in the studied plants was lower than the maximum allowable concentrations for plant raw materials and food. Conclusions. For the first time under conditions of introduction in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine in the plants Artemisia dracunculus, A. abrotanum and A. argyi the content of macro- and microelements, which are directly related to the metabolism of biologically active compounds, was determined. The peculiarities of their distribution by plant organs during the transition from soil to aboveground mass have been clarified. The obtained results can be used to evaluate and compare the quality of plant raw materials of the genus Artemisia, to determine the pharmacological properties of these plants associated with some elements of the mineral composition, and their use in the medical and food industries. The obtained data have both scientific and practical significance in the selection of economically valuable plant species for the enrichment of the cultivated flora of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Processing of natural plant raw materials and their use as additives in the food industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012121
Author(s):  
S N Nikonovich ◽  
N A Tarasenko ◽  
S I Kucherova
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Deep Processing ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Additive ◽  
Squalene Content

Abstract The article deals with the issues of deep processing of non-traditional plant raw materials – amaranth. The authors found that amaranth seeds of various types are a source of starch and protein, balanced in amino acid composition. A comparative assessment of the main nutrients and mineral composition of amaranth seeds with traditional crops showed that amaranth seeds are unique as raw materials for the production of biologically active additives. It is proved that a fine powder of whole-ground flour is possible to obtain by double mechanical processing of amaranth seeds with mandatory heat treatment before introduction into the recipe. It was experimentally revealed that the developed biologically active additive has a high nutritional value and functional properties, which are formed due to squalene content, essential amino acids and plant phospholipids.

scholarly journals ACCUMULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN RAW MATERIALS OF SOME TAXA OF THE GENUS PAEONIA L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
Antonina Anatol'yevna Reut ◽  
Svetlana Galimullovna Denisova ◽  
Kira Aleksandrovna Pupykina
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus

The main purpose of the article was to study the content of the biochemical composition of different raw materials (flowers, leaves, stems, roots) of some representatives of the genus Paeonia L. (species ‒ P. peregrina Mill., P. officinalis L., P. lactiflora Pall., P. delavayi Franch., varieties ‒ Mechta S.P. Koroleva, Olga Kravchenko, Polyarnik 8, Sabantuy), introduced and grown on the basis of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences for further use as a new source of medicinal plant raw materials. The presence of amino acids was determined by the amino acid analyzer AAA-339 (HSSR), elemental composition ‒ by atomic absorption spectrometry. As a result of commodity analysis found that the leaves of paeony in maximum quantities accumulate ascorbic acid and starch; in the roots – sugar; in the stems – fiber; in flowers – carotenoids and protein. The study of the elemental composition of paeony showed that the P. peregrina quantitative content of calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper, manganese is superior to other types of peony; among the varieties, the maximum values of sodium, calcium, copper and iodine were noted in Olga Kravchenko. The presence of 14 amino acids, 9 of which are essential, was revealed. The maximum accumulation of amino acids is observed in the leaves of most species and in the stems of varieties of paeony. The amount of essential amino acids is 2.51–4.88 mg/%, the sum of all amino acids is 5.96–9.46 mg/%, which reflects the biological value of the objects of study.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES CONTENT IN THE LEAVES AND FRUITS OF A ROWAN-TREE (SORBUS AUCUPARIA FRUCTUS) AND ASSESSMENT OF PROSPECTS IN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Chernichkina A.D.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

A large number of biologically active substances, organic acids, tannins, and pectin substances were detected during the study of fruits, leaves, and pulp of the fruits of mountain Ash. The content of these substances in leaves and pulp will significantly expand the arsenal of medicinal plant raw materials used. Given the wide distribution of mountain Ash in the territory of the Russian Federation, harvesting leaves from the same plants after harvesting the fruit and using pulp will make it possible to obtain new phytopreparations.

On the diagnostics of Adonis L. species (Ranunculaceae) of the Russian flora

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Luferov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Scientific Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Alternative Sources

The article provides brief information about cardiotonic, sedative, cytostatic, diuretic, and antibacterial effects of biologically active compounds of Adonis L. (Ranunculaceae) species. Chemical studies allowed to identify the cardiac glycosides, or cardenolides: or cardenolides: adontoxin, adonitol, adonitoxigenin, acetyldigitoxin and others. In scientific medicine, it is currently allowed to use Adonis vernalis L. Other types of Adonis have a similar chemical composition and are offered as substitutes for this official species, for example, Adonis apennina L. Many Adonis species have limited natural resources, and in some regions are rare, requiring conservation of their natural populations. The search for alternative sources of medicinal plant raw materials, based on this, is relevant. The experimental part of our research was carried out using the morphological and geographical method with the involvement of information on ecology and phenology. For the first time summarizes the diagnostic features of Adonis flora of Russian flora. Previously unknown structural features (shape and size of anthers) were identified that characterize the subgenera Adonanthe and Adonis. Taxonomic study of the genus Adonis of the Russian flora allowed us to determine its species composition, clarify its systematic affiliation, and nomenclature synonyms. 9 species were identified. Of these, 6 are perennials belonging to the subgenus Adonanthe, section Consiligo, which includes 2 subsections: Amurenses (2 species) and Vernales, which is differentiated into 2 rows: Apenninae (2 species) and Vernales (2 species). Subgenus Adonis is represented by 2 sections: Adonis (1 species) and Lophocarpa with sections Aestivales (1 species) and Dentatae (1 species). For all the considered species and varieties, the main distribution areas are given. A key has been compiled to determine the wild Adonis species distributed in Russia.

CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF PASTA WITH POWDER FROM MARIGOLD INFLORESCENCES (TAGETES L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
SHAPOVALOVA Nataliia ◽  
VEZHLIVTSEVA Svitlana ◽  
ANTIUSHKO Dmytro
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

Background. The deficiency of essential nutrients in the human body is the root cause of reduced efficiency, general resistance of the body to various diseases. That is an urgent problem in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection. In this regard, the search for opportunities to meet the needs of the population in food products that contain biologically active substances (BAS) through the use of high-value and at the same time available plant raw materials is extremely important. Marigolds attract special attention among such raw materials. The aim of the work is to study the chemical composition and evaluate the consumer properties of Tagetes L. varieties, zoned in the Kiev region, to prove the possibility of increasing the biological value of pasta by adding to their recipe powder from marigold inflorescences. Materials and methods. The object of research is pasta of B group (noodles). Inflorescences of marigolds of different varieties gathered during the flowering period in July-September 2019–2020 in the territory of Vasylkiv and Obukhiv districts of Kyiv region, Ukraine were used as enriching plant raw materials. The quality of finished pasta was assessed by organoleptic and physicochemical indexes (moisture content and titratable acidity). The content of mineral elements in the fine powder of marigold inflorescences was determined on the EXHERT-3L device, the quantitative composition and BAS identification – by spectrophotometric analysis on the device Specord-200 Analytic Jena UV-vis. The integrated quality index of pasta products was calculated taking into account the importance factors of individual indexes. Results. Comparing the obtained results, we can state that all the studied varieties – Gold Kopfen, Orange Flame, Hawaii, Equinox are characterized by high biological value, regardless of the area of collection. As a result of calculated and experimental studies it was determined that the addition of 7 % of the supplement does not provide the required supply of vitamins and minerals. Replacing the flour in the recipe by 20 % significantly improves the mineral composition, but deteriorates the taste and aromatic properties of pasta. The most optimal and rational amount of added additive is 15 %, as it improves the organoleptic properties of pasta and enriches their BAS. Conclusion. The usage of non-traditional vegetable raw materials, in particular powder from marigold inflorescences, which is rich in biologically active substances, allows not only to expand the range, improve the quality of finished products, but also increase the biological value of the product. The optimal amount of additive –powder from marigold inflorescences, was defined. It is 15 % by weight of flour in the production of noodles. This concentration allows not only to improve the organoleptic properties, but also to increase the content of biologically active substances – vitamins, micro- and macronutrients. The usage of non-traditional natural raw materials (powder from marigold inflorescences) allows to abandon artificial colorsand give the finished pasta a pleasant colorand aroma.

scholarly journals Cryogenic technologies in biology and medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2b) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
O.I. Ossetsky ◽  
◽  
O.S. Snurnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
The World ◽  
New Generation

Cryogenic technologies in biology and medicine Current tendencies of the development of cryogenic technologies in the world practice and in Ukraine have been comparatively analyzed. A special attention has been paid to cryotechnologies in biology and medicine. The features of deriving the biologically active ingredients of natural raw materials by means of cryosublimation fractionation and extraction of lipid fractions with liquefied refrigerants, as well as perspectives of their application when obtaining the products of new generation in pharmacy, cosmetics, food industry have been considered. There were discussed the possibilities of human whole body extreme cryotherapy. Main aspects of its usage in practical public health have been considered.

scholarly journals Industrial characteristics of Berberis L. representatives fruits

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Lykholat ◽  
N. O. Khromykh ◽  
T. Yu. Lykholat ◽  
M. I. Nedzvetska ◽  
O. A. Lykholat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Fruit Plants ◽  
Seed Propagation

The introduction of fruit plants into a culture enriches the diversity of the species composition of the regional flora and at the same time creates an opportunity for expansion of the plant raw material base for the needs of the food industry, inclusion in a full-fledged functional nutrition of the population. Among the fruit plants of the Dniprovsk region, every year, more attention should be paid to introduced low-frequency non-traditional fruit species, in which the fruits, leaves, stems and other parts have high nutritional value and are the source of physiologically active compounds that have anti-cancer, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, carry cardio protective, antihypertensive, anti-diabetic effects, stimulate the central nervous system, etc., and can contribute to the prevention and treatment of many diseases.   Antioxidants additives in the raw materials and finished products ensures their prevention damage, reduce losses, increase shelf life and production of high quality products which keep for a long time characteristics inherent fresh, complete products. Preservation, restoration and introduction to the culture of any species depends primarily on its ability to multiply seed and vegetative methods. A comparative analysis of the fruit and seed ability of Berberis L. representatives grown in the botanical garden of Oles Gonchar’  Dniprovsky National University was carried out. The use of integrated research methods made it possible to carry out an integrated assessment of the regenerative capacity of the investigated representatives of the Berberis L. and to establish their biological ability to seed propagation depending on the seed quality of the seeds. The seeds length varied from 4.5 mm (B. canadensis) to 5.2 mm (B. declinata, B. amurensis), width was from 1.8 mm (B. amurensis, B. vulgares) to 2.1 mm ( B. coreana). The weight of 1000 seeds, which, depending on their size and completeness, amounted to an average of 10.16 grams. Largest weight 1000 pcs. seed is marked in B. coreana. As a result of the total antioxidant ability of the fruits, the species examined can be arranged in the following order:  B. koreana > B. x declinata > B. vulgaris > B. amurensis > B. canadensis. When comparing total antioxidant capacity level of the plants, the highest indices were characteristic for B. koreana and B. x declinata fruits, which exceeded the values of other species in 1.7-1.9 times. The relatively low antioxidants concentration in B. amurensis fruits is offset by a greater weight of the fruits of this species.  In order to enrich the range of ornamental and fruit plants, it is expedient to introduce into production of new crops and to expand the species diversity of Berberis L. representatives. Barberry reproduction process depends on many factors related to the environment. All investigated representatives of the Berberis L. are promising for further use in the planting system and as fruit plants that can be included in the functional nutrition of the population and use in the food industry in the conditions of the Steppe Prydniprovya.

scholarly journals Development of beverage recipes with specified bio-corrective properties based on plant raw materials with the ultrasonic extraction method

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199
Author(s):  
M. V. Manukovskaya ◽  
I. P. Shchetilina ◽  
A. G. Kudryakova ◽  
S. R. Kozlova ◽  
A. O. Torosyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Extraction ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Active Substances

The development of targeted beverages is a priority for healthy eating. Plant raw materials containing a wide variety of biologically active substances are used for their production. The presence of these ingredients helps to improve many physiological processes in the body, as well as to increase its immune status. The high efficiency of ultrasonic effects on various technological processes was confirmed by numerous studies. Ultrasonic extraction was carried out at t = 20 ? and an ultrasonic wave frequency of 22 kHz. As a result of the research, it was found that the equilibrium state is achieved within 15 minutes with ultrasound exposure. Natural raw materials, their chemical composition and the influence on the human body were studied in the work to develop new beverages recipes. The selected ingredients in a certain quantitative ratio made it possible to obtain beverages with improved bio-corrective properties, which allows satisfying the daily requirement of the human body for biologically active substances. Ultrasonic exposure has a positive effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the beverage and the aftertaste, as proved by the comparative organoleptic evaluation of the samples. The functional properties of the beverages developed were confirmed experimentally. The following was determined in the beverages: macronutrients content, antioxidant activity, vitamin C content, shelf life duration. The ultrasonic extraction method application in the technology of beverages manufacturing allows: to reduce the preparation time by half, to reduce the amount of raw materials by 15%, to increase the content of macronutrients by 45%, to increase the content of vitamin C by 35%, to increase the antioxidant activity by 45-50%, to increase storage stability by 50-60%, to improve organoleptic characteristics. The results obtained prove the intensifying effect of ultrasonic exposure in the production of functional beverages.

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