scholarly journals Rutin Attenuates Acrylamide Induced Neuropathic Pain via Inhibition of Proinflammatory Cytokines, Up-Regulation of Bcl-2 and Down-Regulation of Bax

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineela Sathuluri ◽  
Thakur Santh Rani
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Toxic Chemical ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Neurological Score ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Passion Flower

Rutin is a flavonoid of the flavonol type found in many typical plants, such as buckwheat, passion flower, apple and tea. Acrylamide (ACR) is a known industrial toxic chemical that produces neurotoxicity characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration. Rats were randomly divided into Control, ACR, Pregabalin and Rutin treated groups. Male wistar rats were treated with ACR (50 mg/kg/ i.p.) for 4 weeks which produce typical symptoms of neuropathy in rats. Pregabalin (10 mg/kg) and Rutin (50 & 100 mg/kg) were administered orally for 4 weeks after one hour of ACR administration. ACR enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Treatment with Rutin significantly improved neurological score. Rutinsignificantly (p<0.001) attenuated acrylamide induced oxidative stress markers. The expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated and TNF-α, IL-6 and Bax were down-regulated by rutin treatment. From our results, it can be concluded that rutinshowed an ameliorative effect against ACR induced neurotoxicity in rats through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic actions.

scholarly journals Neurotoxic Assessment of Chronic Abuse of Pregabalin in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Neveen A. Salem ◽  
Amani M. Alsaedi ◽  
Bedor G. Alasmari ◽  
Razan Z. Almarghalani ◽  
Shahad M. Algobe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Pregabalin (Lyrica) is an analog of the gamma-aminobutyric acid neurotransmitter,   approved for the treatment of epilepsy, generalized anxiety disorder, neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia. The possibility for abuse and/or dependence on pregabalin has risen recently. Pregabalin is controlled in many countries including Saudi Arabia. However, unofficial use of this substance is also on the increase. The purpose of this study is to assess the potential neurotoxic effects associated with overdose prolonged pregabalin supplementation. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into Group (1) normal control received distilled water, Group (2) received pregabalin (150mg/kg), Group (3) received pregabalin (300 mg/kg), and Group (4) received pregabalin (600 mg/kg). pregabalin consumption in different doses resulted in significant dysregulation in neurotransmitter release, upsurge oxidative stress markers via enhancing lipid peroxidation and depleting antioxidant markers. Also, pregabalin doses evoked brain tissue inflammation through elevating TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP-1, Moreover promoted brain tissue apoptosis by activating caspase -3 and suppressed Bcl2. Pregabalin effects on the aforementioned parameters were dose-dependent. These findings could highlight the potential neurotoxic effect of prolonged abuse of pregabalin supplementation through dysregulating brain neurochemical, inflammatory, oxidant/antioxidant, and apoptotic mediators.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Vitamin C and Vitamin E Antioxidant Combination on Caspase-3 Expression in Wistar White Rat Pulmonum Contusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Bermansyah ◽  
Gama Satria ◽  
Ahmad Umar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pulmonary Contusion ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Introduction.Pulmonary contusions can cause a progressive inflammatory response. Activation of TNF-α cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause pulmonary cell death. Antioxidants can have the potential to neutralize ROS. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of antioxidant administration in maintaining pulmonary cell function in wistar rats that have been induced to experience pulmonary contusions through caspase-3 levels. Methods.This study was an in vivo experimental study conducted on thirty male wistar rats and divided into five groups (n = 6): control, pulmonary contusion + asthaxanthine 5 mg/kgBW, pulmonary contusion + vitamin C and E 50 mg/kgBW, pulmonary contusion + vitamin C and E 100 mg/kgBW, pulmonary contusion + vitamin C and E 200 mg/kgBW. The value of Caspase-3 is evaluated by the IHC. All data analyzes used SPSS 18. Results. Low doses of antioxidants have the potential to reduce pulmonary cell death in wistar rats induced by pulmonary contusions.Conclussion. Vitamin C and E effective to reduce polmonary cell death in pulmonary contusion.Keywords: antioxidants, vitamin C, vitamin E, pulmonary contusions animal model, apoptosis, caspase-3

scholarly journals The subchronic effects of 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine on oxidative stress in rat brain

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081
Author(s):  
Ivan Simic ◽  
Violeta Iric-Cupic ◽  
Rada Vucic ◽  
Marina Petrovic ◽  
Violeta Mladenovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subchronic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on several oxidative stress markers: index of lipid peroxidation (ILP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, superoxide radical (O2.-) levels, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus of the rat. The study included 64 male Wistar rats (200-250g). The animals were treated per os with of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) every day for 15 days. The subchronic administration of MDMA resulted in an increase in ILP, SOD and O2.-, and a decrease in GSH, from which we conclude that oxidative stress was induced in rat brain.

scholarly journals Riboceine Regimen Attenuates Ethanol-induced Neuronal Damage in the Cerebellum of Adult Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Taiwo Adekemi Abayomi ◽  
◽  
Olorunfemi Samuel Tokunbo ◽  
Moyinoluwa Ajayi ◽  
Olawale Ayobami Abayomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Ethanol Toxicity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cerebellar Astrocytes ◽  
The Brain

Background: Although ethanol exerts its neurotoxic effect on the brain through inflammatory and oxidative processes, the effect of Riboceine on the brain following ethanol neurotoxicity is yet to be elucidated. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of riboceine on the cellular, behavioral, and molecular impairments induced by ethanol toxicity in rats. Methods: A total of 24 male Wistar rats weighing between 160-170 grams were used for the study, and were divided into four groups of six rats each. After completion of the administration of ethanol and riboceine, and testing for motor impairment, the rats were sacrificed. The cerebellum was excised and processed for oxidative stress analyses, based on oxidative stress markers and histological examinations. The immunohistochemical expression of astrocytes in the cerebellum was examined, using Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) stain. Results: This study demonstrated that ethanol-induced neurotoxicity in the cerebellum, characterized by increased oxidative stress profile, astrocyte activation, and neuronal death in the cerebellum, especially the Purkinje layer. Necrosis, significant decrease in Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Gluathione (GSH) activities (P<0.05) as well as astrogliosis was associated with ethanol treatment. However, riboceine was observed to significantly increase the cerebellar SOD, CAT and GSH activities with significantly reduced Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (P<0.05). It also attenuated the histomorphological alteration of the cerebellum and reduced the cerebellar astrocytes activation following ethanol-induced neurotoxicity, thus leading to the attenuation of motor impairment. Conclusion: Riboceine attenuated motor impairment caused by chronic ethanol-induced neurotoxicity, suggestive of its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.

scholarly journals Naringin and Hesperidin Counteract Diclofenac-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats via Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rasha A. Hassan ◽  
Walaa G. Hozayen ◽  
Haidy T. Abo Sree ◽  
Hessah M. Al-Muzafar ◽  
Kamal A. Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

This study is aimed at evaluating the preventive effect and at suggesting the mode of actions of naringin and hesperidin and their combination in diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity. Male Wistar rats, intraperitoneally injected with diclofenac sodium (3 mg/kg b.wt/day), were orally treated with naringin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and hesperidin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and their combination for 4 weeks. The administrations of naringin and hesperidin to diclofenac-injected rats led to a significant decrease in the elevated serum ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, TNF-α, and IL-17 levels as well as liver lipid peroxidation and liver p53 and caspase-3 mRNA expressions. In contrast, serum IL-4 level, liver GSH content, and liver GPx and SOD activities increased. In association, diclofenac-induced deleterious histological alterations including hydropic degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, apoptosis, and focal hepatic necrosis of hepatocytes associated with inflammatory cells’ infiltration were remarkably improved by treatments with naringin and hesperidin. In conclusion, naringin, hesperidin, and their combination, which was the most potent, counteract diclofenac-induced liver injury via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions. Thus, this study recommends the use of naringin and hesperidin or their combination to resolve the side effects of drugs like diclofenac on the liver.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF KEFIR ON THE INFLAMATORY STATUS AND THYROID FUNCTION (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON WISTAR RATS AFTER EXPOSED TO CHLORPYRIFOS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasipin Rasipin ◽  
Edi Dharmana ◽  
Suharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Suhartono .
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Factor Α

ABSTRACTObjective: Goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland remained a health problem in the agricultural areas. Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a pesticide widely used byfarmers. Previous studies proved that CPF exposure caused thyroid dysfunction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of kefir on theinflammatory status and thyroid function in male Wistar rats after exposed to CPF using biochemical and histopathological assays.Methods: Male rats were divided into 4 groups, i.e., CPF 5+kefir (5 mg/kg+3.6 ml/200 g, respectively), CPF 5 (5 mg/kg), corn oil (CO 1 ml/200 g), andnegative control (NC: Without CPF, CO, and kefir).Results: Kefir supplementation dose 3.6 ml/200 g once a day for 28 days in the rats after exposed to CPF dose 5 mg/kg once a day for 14 days, inCPF 5+kefir as compared to CPF 5: Significantly (p<0.05) decreased serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level; significantly (p<0.01) maintainedserum levels of tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) not to decrease; not significant (p>0.05) decreased the level ofinterleukin-1β, cluster of differentiation-26 expression and level of T serum; not significant (p>0.05) maintained the level of anti-thyroid peroxidasenot to decrease; and not significant (p>0.05) increased the apoptosis index. This study suggests that CPF exposure causes the inflammatory processwhich leads to thyroid dysfunction.4Conclusion: Kefir supplementation significantly decreased the level of TNF-α and maintained the levels of TGF-β and TSH not to decrease, possible toreduce the inflammatory and thyroid dysfunction processes caused by exposure to CPF in experimental animals.Keywords: Kefir, Chlorpyrifos, Inflammation, Thyroid function. 

scholarly journals Protective effect of simvastatin in the cyclophosphamide-induced hemohrragic cystitis in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Carolina Batista Dantas ◽  
Francisco Fábio de Araújo Batista-Júnior ◽  
Larissa Freitas Macedo ◽  
Mariana Noronha Castro Mendes ◽  
Ítalo Medeiros Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Hemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
Antineoplastic Agent ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Plasma Cytokines ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

PURPOSE: Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is an antineoplastic agent used for the treatment of many neoplastic and inflammatory diseases. Hemorrhagic cystitis is a frequent side effect of CYP. Several studies show that simvastatin has important pleiotropic (anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory) effects. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of simvastatin on bladder, ureter and kidney injury caused by CYP. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. The CYP/SIM group received simvastatin microemulsion by gavage during 7 days (10 mg/kg body wt) before the administration of CYP and the CYP/SAL group rats received saline 0.9%. The control rats were not treated. After that, all rats were treated with a single dose of CYP 200 mg/kg body wt intraperitoneally. The rats were killed 24 h after CYP administration. Plasma cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) were measured by ELISA. Macro and light microscopic study was performed in the bladder, kidney and ureter. RESULTS: In the bladders of CYP/SIMV treated rats edema of lamina propria with epithelial and sub-epithelial hemorrhage were lower than in CYP/SAL treated rats. The scores for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of bladder and ureter were significantly lower in CYP/SIMV rats than in CYP/SAL rats. The kidney was not affected. The expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 was significatly lower in CF/SINV rats (164.8±22, 44.8±8 and 52.4±13) than in CF/SAL rats (378.5±66, 122.9±26 e 123.6±18), respectively. CONCLUSION: The results of the current study suggest that simvastatin pretreatment attenuated CYP-induced urotelium inflammation and decreased the activities of cytokines.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect of Cactus(Opuntia ficus indica)Extract on Lithium-Induced Nephrocardiotoxicity: A Biochemical and Histopathological Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Anouar ben Saad ◽  
Ilhem Rjeibi ◽  
Sana Ncib ◽  
Nacim Zouari ◽  
Lazhar Zourgui
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Carbonate Group ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Opuntia ficus indica(family Cactaceae) is used in the treatment of a variety of conditions including metal-induced toxicity. The study reports the protective effects ofOpuntia ficus indica(CCE) against lithium carbonate-induced toxicity in rats. Nephrocardiotoxicity was induced in male Wistar rats by single dose of lithium carbonate (25 mg/kg b.w twice daily for 30 days). Aqueous extract ofOpuntia ficus indicawas administered at the dose of 100 mg/kg of b.w by gavage for 60 days. Obtained results revealed that administration of lithium carbonate caused a significant increase in serum creatinine, uric acid, and urea levels. Additionally, a significant decrease in the level of renal and cardiac SOD, CAT, and GPx activities was associated with a significant increase of MDA levels in lithium carbonate group more than those of the control. However, the treatment of experimental rats with CCE prevented these alterations and maintained the antioxidant status. The histopathological observations supported the biochemical evidences of nephrocardioprotection. CCE supplementation could protect against lithium carbonate-induced renal and cardiac injuries in rats, plausibly by the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes and inhibition of MDA to confer the protective effect.

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous Extract of Ocimum gratissimum Leaves and Vitamin C on Lead Acetate-induced Changes in the Thymus of Adult Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
G. N. Okechukwu ◽  
E. Ezor ◽  
E. Finbarrs-Bello ◽  
L. N. Ebube ◽  
G. C. Uzomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Induced Changes

Lead is a heavy metal found in earth’s crust. It is a widespread and insidious environmental toxin known as a severe and aggressive contaminant to human and animal organisms’ health status. This work is aimed at evaluating the effect of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum (OG) on lead induced changes in the thymus of adult albino wistar rats. Thirty five male Wistar rats were used in the study and were randomly divided into seven groups with five rats in each group. The rats in Group one (G1) served as the Control and received distilled water. Group 2 received 120 mg/kg body weight (bwt) of lead acetate, G3 received 375 mg/kg bwt of OG only. G4 received 120 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate and OG extract at 375 mg/kg bwt., G5 received 120 mg/kg bwt of lead and OG at 750 mg/kg bwt. G6 received 375 mg/kg bwt of OG in two weeks followed by 120 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate for one week, while G7 received 120 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate and Vitamin C at 11900 mg/kg. All the administrations were carried out orally for twenty one (21) days. At the end of the administration, the rats were fasted for 24 hours. They weighted and humanely sacrificed via cervical dislocation. The thymus were harvested in all the groups and prepared for histological studies using routine haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining techniques. The result of the present study shows that lead possessed a distortive effect in the histoarchitecture of thymus of the wistar rat in G2 when compared with G1. Treatment of these experimental animals with vitamin C prove to posses more ameliorative effect in restoring the histoarchitecture on lead toxicity in the thymus closed to normal than OG. Therefore, it is suggested that aqueous extract OG can act via the same pathway as vitamin C, in maintaining the normal histological structures of the thymus of adult albino wistar rat exposed to lead toxicity.

scholarly journals Effect of sitagliptin on depression in male wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Vidya M. Mahalmani ◽  
Anil P. Hogade ◽  
Sanjay K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Cytokine Gene ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: Growing evidence supports relationship between depression and inflammation. The hypothesis of involvement of inflammatory pathways in depression is supported by the findings of increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. So, we decided to evaluate the effect of sitagliptin on depression using forced swim test (FST) and possible effects of sitagliptin on serum oxidative stress markers and cytokine gene expression in rat hippocampus.Methods: FST model was used to evaluate antidepressant effect in male wistar rats. Rats in group I (control group) were given normal saline, group II (standard group) were given fluoxetine, group III and IV (test groups) were given sitagliptin 5 mg/kg and sitagliptin 9 mg/kg respectively. All the drugs in all groups were given per orally. At the end, animals were sacrificed and blood was collected. Hippocampus of rat brain was dissected out. Serum oxidative stress markers and hippocampal pro inflammatory cytokine gene expression analysis was carried out.Results: Sitagliptin 5 mg/kg and 9 mg/kg showed reduction in depressive symptoms and hippocampal cytokine gene expression in comparison to control. In case of serum oxidative stress markers, there was statistically significant reduction in nitric oxide levels with stagliptin 9 mg/kg. Although there was a decrease in the levels of catalase and increase in the levels of glutathione with standard and test groups, the results were not statistically significant.Conclusions: The present study showed significant antidepressant effect activity of standard and test groups. Hence, further research should be carried out to substantiate above results.

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