scholarly journals Velhice e trabalho: a informalidade como (re)aproveitamento do descartado

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimunda Silva D'Alencar ◽  
Juliana Britto Campos
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Other ◽  
Old People ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
De Se ◽  
The World ◽  
Commercial Center ◽  
Methodological Strategy

Resumo: Apesar das mudanças, as características do mercado de trabalho brasileiro permitem, de um lado, a ocupação precoce de crianças e jovens no mundo do trabalho e, de outro lado, o reaproveitamento de um contingente situado no outro extremo da escala etária produtiva, os da chamada terceira idade, legalmente jubilados desse mesmo mercado. A ocupação informal vem garantindo sobrevivência para parcela relevante da população, inclusive do idoso, ainda que já aposentado. Este texto propõe conhecer um pouco dessa realidade do trabalhador idoso na ocupação informal, o grau de satisfação e impacto da renda na sobrevivência da família. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em um centro comercial do município de Itabuna, sul da Bahia, com a utilização da entrevista semi-estruturada, junto a dezesseis idosos, homens e mulheres. Apesar de se constituir como uma necessidade fundamental para a sobrevivência da família, e apesar de ser um trabalho desenvolvido sob precárias condições, os idosos têm no trabalho um elemento de satisfação com a vida, de prazer e alegria de viver. Palavras-chave: Velhice. Trabalho Informal. Economia Informal. Abstract: In spite of the changes occurred in the Brazilian labor market, it, due its features, in a fi rst hand, allows precocious participation of children and youngsters in the world of labor, and, in the other hand, allows the reutilization of a great amount of people situated in the other extreme side of the age scale, the ones so-called as third age, legally excluded from the formal labor market. As a matter of fact, informal occupation guarantees subsistence to a relevant part of the population, including old people, even if they are retired. This text proposes to understand this kind of reality experienced by old workers in their informal occupation, their satisfaction with it, and its impact, in terms of income, to their family subsistence. The research was carried out with a group of sixteen old people, men and women, in a commercial center, in the county of Itabuna, South of Bahia, using as methodological strategy a semi-structured interview. In spite of the fact that the job is a fundamental need to subsistence of the old people and to their families, and, that it is carried out in precarious conditions, they consider it as an element of self satisfaction, of pleasure, and of cheerfulness to their lives. Keywords: Old Age. Informal Job. Informal Economy.

EVALUATING THE GENDER VARIATIONS IN INFORMAL SECTOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP: SOME LESSONS FROM BRAZIL

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350004 ◽  
Author(s):  
COLIN C WILLIAMS ◽  
YOUSSEF YOUSSEF
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Survival Strategy ◽  
Marginalized Populations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Variations ◽  
Micro Enterprises

The aim of this paper is to evaluate critically the gender variations in informal sector entrepreneurship. Until now, a widely-held belief has been that entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector in developing nations are lowly paid, poorly educated, marginalized populations doing so out of necessity as a survival strategy in the absence of alternatives. Reporting an extensive 2003 survey conducted in urban Brazil of informal sector entrepreneurs operating micro-enterprises with five or less employees, the finding is that although less than half of these entrepreneurs are driven out of necessity into entrepreneurial endeavor in the informal economy, women are more commonly necessity-driven entrepreneurs and receive lower incomes from their entrepreneurial endeavor than men despite being better educated. The outcome is a call to recognize how the gender disparities in the wider labor market are mirrored and reinforced by the participation of men and women in the realm of informal sector entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Staruszkowie w opowiadaniach Jurija Mamlejewa cykl „Koniec wieku”

2017 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 289-300
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Tyszkowska-Kasprzak
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Advaita Vedānta ◽  
Advaita Vedanta ◽  
Old People ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Immortal Soul ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Old Men

Old people in novels of Yuri Mamleyev The End of the CenturyThe purpose of the article is an examination of the images of old men and women in The End of the Century — aseries of short stories by Yuri Mamleyev. Elderly characters in the series are almost always presented in the context of the end of their lives and are apretext to present the author’s philosophical views on the nature of existence, death and immortality. Images of reality in The End of the Century are combined with the mystique, the belief in the immortal soul and its journey. Mamleyev’s philosophical views are based on Vedanta and Advaita Vedanta. Hence, his considerations do not fit into the mainstream of the Russian religious-philosophical tradition. Old people in The End of the Century combine the world of the living with the world of the dead, they are capable of crossing the border — death — in both directions. The characters are often accompanied by acat — which in different beliefs is associated with the ability to communicate with other worlds — and achild, abeing close to the border separating the mortal world from the amorphous underworld, arecurring symbol of rebirth. Старики в рассказах Юрия Мамлеевацикл Конец векаВ статье анализируются образы пожилых людей в цикле рассказов Юрия Мамлеева Конец века. Старые люди почти всегда представлены здесь в контексте конца жизни, ивта­кой контекст вводятся философские рассуждения писателя о природе бытия, смерти ибес­смертия. При этом изображение реальности сочетается с мистикой, верой в бессмертие души и ее переселение. Поскольку свои философские взгляды писатель основал на учениях веданты и адвайта-веданты, то они не вписываются в русло русской религиозно-философ­ской традиции.Старики/старухи в произведениях Мамлеева объединяют мир живых и мир мертвых, они способны пересекать границу, которой является смерть, в обоих направлениях. Ча­сто этих персонажей сопровождают кошки, которым в разных верованиях приписывают способность общаться с другими мирами, а также дети, находящиеся близко к границе, разделяющей мир смертных и аморфную преисподнюю, и являющиеся символом повторя­ющегося возрождения.

scholarly journals Egalitarian men: stereotypes and discrimination in the labor market

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-147
Author(s):  
Hyalle Abreu Viana ◽  
Ana Raquel Rosas Torres ◽  
José Luis Álvaro Estriamana
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Work Context ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Do So

This article aimed to analyze the stereotypes attributed to "egalitarian men", understood here as men who support gender equality in relation to domestic and family responsibilities as well as inclusion in the workforce. To do so, two studies were carried out. The first study investigated the attribution of stereotypes to egalitarian men through a single open question. A total of 250 university students participated in this study, of which 51.1% were male, and their average age was 21.5 years (SD = 4.39). The second study analyzed the attribution of stereotypes to egalitarian or traditional men and women in a work context considered masculine. Participants included 221 university students with a mean age of 21.9 years (SD = 4.19), the majority (54.3%) being male. Taken together, the results of the two studies indicate that the egalitarian man is perceived as fragile and possibly homosexual. On the other hand, he is also seen as being more competent than traditional men.

scholarly journals Transidentité et transfiction à l’heure de la postmodernité

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Martine Renouprez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Modern Novel ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Western View

The Western view of the world is fundamentally a binary one, in which institutions (political, scientific and religious) have tried to pass off as natural those distinctions which are cultural in origin, particularly those concerning men and women. The male/female organic distinction has been used as supposed evidence for the creation of gender constructs. However, biology today shows that an infinite diversity of sexual orientations and identities exists within both animal and human worlds. What is the effect of “otherness” within oneself when “I am the other”? The post-modern novel Chéri-Chéri by Philippe Djian questions the legitimacy of human binary and the distinction between sexes and genders.

scholarly journals Societal Panorama of Power: Emancipation of Women or Threat?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hadley Quadros ◽  
Vatika Sibal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Global Partnerships ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common

The pandemic has brought the world to a standstill. The dearth to survive in the wake of devastation has made humans adapt to the new normal which was never experienced but now has become a protocol. The phrase which was the tagline for global partnerships ‘united we stand, divided we fall’ has now transformed into ‘divided we stand, united we fall’, as a claim to survive this pandemic. In India where the virus has claimed the maximum toll of human lives, continues to fight various battles to survive. On one side, the health workers, doctors, police are risking their lives so that the common man may not be affected while on the other hand, people within the houses are falling victims to domestic and sexual abuse. In the light of the pandemic that has claimed lives as well as loss of employment; the struggle to survive has hit a different tone especially among the lower and the middle income families. The frustration of losing a job is vented on the family members as there remains no source of income to support the family. This article tries to unearth the existing social problems of abuse among men and women at large especially during the pandemic. The principle of resistance is understood in the sexual division of labour where individuals are now trying to be communicating with the outside world while remaining at home.

scholarly journals Egalitarian men: stereotypes and discrimination in the labor market

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-147
Author(s):  
Hyalle Abreu Viana ◽  
Ana Raquel Rosas Torres ◽  
José Luis Álvaro Estriamana
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Work Context ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Do So

This article aimed to analyze the stereotypes attributed to "egalitarian men", understood here as men who support gender equality in relation to domestic and family responsibilities as well as inclusion in the workforce. To do so, two studies were carried out. The first study investigated the attribution of stereotypes to egalitarian men through a single open question. A total of 250 university students participated in this study, of which 51.1% were male, and their average age was 21.5 years (SD = 4.39). The second study analyzed the attribution of stereotypes to egalitarian or traditional men and women in a work context considered masculine. Participants included 221 university students with a mean age of 21.9 years (SD = 4.19), the majority (54.3%) being male. Taken together, the results of the two studies indicate that the egalitarian man is perceived as fragile and possibly homosexual. On the other hand, he is also seen as being more competent than traditional men.

scholarly journals Po mochlos – prolegomena do możliwych jeszcze rozważań o kondycji uniwersytetu

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Chojnacki ◽  
Magdalena Żardecka
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

The text tackles the problem of the condition of university, in a world blindly believing that the only possible worth measure is economic in nature and, in the name of this belief, setting in motion a ruthless bureaucratic machinery that throttles all kinds of creativity and nips in the bud all nonstandard actions and creations. The world apparently is “out of joint”, and things are taking an unexpected turn. University is one of the victims, but also one of active accomplices of this despicable situation. How to speak about the university to those who are exclusively in business of calculating balance of profits and losses? How to speak about it after deconstruction, when all great ideas have been already repeatedly and manifoldly dismounted and discredited? How to speak about it, when the university’s men and women have discredited themselves repeatedly as well, oscillating between libido sciendi and libido dominandi? Trying to solve this puzzle, we are following in the footsteps of Derrida, who in his texts about university makes appeal to Kant, and inspired by his invention, we set in motion two opposite traditions, represented by Lyotard, Bourdieu, Bauman and Readings on the one hand, and by Humboldt, Schleiermacher and Jaspers on the other. With Derrida, we make noises about the return of the ideas of truth, of the light of reason, of the autonomy of university. It is, however, a return of the specters of the past, in alignment with Derrida’s hauntology. Humanists are people of academia who see these specters, but at the same time are already specters themselves – even if they still show up here and there, they are almost insignificant. They are onlyallowed to contemplate their negligibility and to confess their habitual helplessness. University always had to defend itself, and it does defend itself today.

scholarly journals Socio-economic Characteristics and Perception of the Lettuce Consumer

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Janiquelle da S. Rabelo ◽  
Patrícia Verônica P. S. Lima ◽  
Marcelo de A. Guimarães ◽  
Jean Paulo de J. Tello ◽  
Ana Régia A. de A. Hendges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Homogeneous Group ◽  
Old People ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Marketing Methods ◽  
Leaf Vegetable

Lettuce is the most consumed leaf vegetable in the world. Knowing the preferences and opinions of consumers of this important vegetable species can not only make the future availability of a better-quality product possible, but also redefine marketing methods and production in the field. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of lettuce consumers based on their socio-economic characteristics. Interviews with consumers were carried out to gather the information. The data found with the research showed that socio-economic characteristics such as gender, schooling, age and income do not significantly influence the perception of the lettuce consumer. The conclusion was therefore, that consumers make up a homogeneous group with similar behaviour patterns, characterising a market that is not very complex and is easily understood and accessed by producers, where there are no niches to be explored nor the need to differentiate the product to meet the needs of specific groups (men and women, young and old, people with more or less education or income).

scholarly journals EXCLUSIÓN E INSERCIÓN LABORAL DE LOS JÓVENES; UNA MIRADA DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Antonio Oblitas Vedia ◽  
Noemí Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Interest ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Behavior ◽  
Economic Dynamics ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
The City

El análisis de la dinámica de la inserción laboral de los jóvenes es un tema de creciente interés social y al ser los jóvenes un segmento significativamente amplio en la población de la ciudad de Sucre (cuya presencia contribuye a la dinámica económica), la presente investigación apunta a identificar los factores que condicionan y determinan la inserción laboral de los jóvenes (hombres y mujeres) en la ciudad. En el presente estudio, se investigan problemas del comportamiento del mercado laboral, desde la perspectiva de los jóvenes profesionales, se identifican variables, conceptos y exploran datos desde diferentes puntos y enfoques, todos relacionados a la inserción laboral de los jóvenes profesionales. Por otra, se establecen las causas, los efectos y en qué condiciones se manifiestan los diferentes fenómenos asociados a la inserción laboral en la ciudad de Sucre. Por tanto, se brinda información generada sobre los procesos de inserción laboral de los jóvenes profesionales en la ciudad de Sucre. Palabras Claves Jóvenes profesionales, mercado de trabajo, inserción laboral AbstractThe analysis of the dynamics of the labor insertion of young people is a topic of growing social interest and since young people are a significantly broad segment of the population of the city of Sucre (whose presence contributes to the economic dynamics), the present research points to identify the factors that condition and determine the employment of young people (men and women) in the city. In the present study, problems of labor market behavior are investigated from the perspective of young professionals, variables, concepts are identified and data explored from different points and approaches, all related to the labor insertion of young professionals. On the other, the causes, effects and under what conditions the different phenomena associated with labor insertion in the city of Sucre are manifested. Therefore, it provides information generated on the labor insertion processes of young professionals in the city of Sucre.KeywordsYoung professionals, labor market, labor insertion

scholarly journals Citoyenneté et valeurs dans l’Eurafrique

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles-Romain Mbele
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Société Civile

Tenter de cerner la question de la «citoyenneté et des valeurs » avec quelque complexité et profondeur dépasse le face-à-face entre l’Europe et l’Afrique. D’une part, dans une série de conférences à l’aube du 21e siècle, l’Unesco s’est demandé « Où vont les valeurs ? » D’autre part, « les liens préférentiels » entre l’Europe et l’Afrique sont désormais sous la juridiction de l’Organisation mondiale du Commerce. De ce point de vue, interroger le statut politique et civique des hommes et des femmes dans le cadre institutionnel et partenarial de l’Eurafrique, c’est en creux se demander quel sort est réservé, par l’économie-monde actuelle, au fait d’être citoyen. Étant donné le déséquilibre qui caractérise l’Eurafrique, ce n’est qu’avec l’engagement actif des citoyens qui votent et participent à une société civile critique qu’un nouveau partenariat favorable aux Africains pourrait s’actualiser. Attempting to plumb the complexity and depth of the issue of citizenship and values goes well beyond the interface between Europe and Africa. On one hand, in a series of communications at the beginning of the 21st century, UNESCO asked itself, “Where are the values?” On the other hand, the “preferential links” between Europe and Africa are henceforth under the jurisdiction of the World Trade Organization. From this point of view, questioning the political and civic status of men and women in the institutional framework and partnership of Eurafrica, means to ask oneself what destiny is reserved, by the current world economy, to the fact of being citizen. Given the disequilibrium that characterizes Eurafrica, it is only with the active engagement of citizens who vote and participate in a critical civil society that a new partnership favorable to Africans could be actualized.

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