scholarly journals Revisiting (In)visibility: A Reflexive Study of Two English Translations of Iqbal’s “Shikwa” and “Jawab-i-Shikwa”

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Rana Kashif Shakeel ◽  
Maria Farooq Maan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Actual Position ◽  
English Translations

This research is a comparative analysis of two translated versions of Iqbal’s Urdu poems: “Shikwa” and “Jawab-i-Shikwa” to determine the actual position of the two translators in the light of the concepts theorized by Venuti (2008). Venuti mainly focused on the visibility and invisibility of the translator. These theoretical aspects, conjoined with certain peripheral scholastic ideas, have been applied on both translated versions. Through the strategies of (in)visibility, the research also investigates how the boundaries between foreignization and domestication have been blurred, and how the ideologies are embedded in the translation process. The result displays a revised version of (in)visibility.

A relevance-theoretic account of the use of the discourse marker well in translation from Chinese into English

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-179
Author(s):  
Wu Guangjun
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Pragmatic Enrichment ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Special Category

Abstract Discourse markers are a special category of words or expressions which have been shown to pose challenges during the translation process. This article adopts a relevance-theoretic perspective and, based on the two English translations of the Chinese play Leiyu (Thunderstorm), explores the use of the discourse marker well in translation from Chinese into English. The findings show that the discourse marker well in translation from Chinese into English is added in two scenarios: to intensify weaker forms of a similar Chinese discourse marker or as an addition when omitted in Chinese. Moreover, interlingual pragmatic enrichment will ensue and the English translations, in comparison with their Chinese originals, become more determinate. Based on this study, we can conclude that discourse markers are important pragmatic elements in translation from Chinese into English. Likewise, contrastive pragmatics is shown to be of potential in the process of translation.

scholarly journals Translator’s Preface as a Genre: A Comparative Analysis of Lithuanian and English Prefaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-201
Author(s):  
Milda Bikmanienė
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Publishing Houses

Summary Translations serve as a right to the international existence as they allow the national literature to reach wider audiences. Moreover, they allow readers to get acquainted with literature of other cultures. For these reasons, translators have an important role in the literary world. Translators’ prefaces are the main link between readers and translators. However, there is a lack of analysis of this specific genre. This research aims at analysing translator’s preface as a genre and examining differences and similarities of genre features in Lithuanian and English prefaces. 30 Lithuanian and 30 English translators’ prefaces are analysed according to genre elements, such as the format, genre moves and functions. The analysis covers a wide range of examples of both Lithuanian and English fiction books. For this reason, the analysed translators’ prefaces are published in different years, are translated by different translators and are published by different publishing houses. It may be noted, that the analysis reveals that Lithuanian translators tend to be more invisible in their prefaces than English translators. They focus on the author and provide little of their own evaluation and explicit explanations on translation issues. However, English translators focus on the translation process and the subjective analysis. The analysis also demonstrates that the basic format of prefaces is beginning with a title and ending with a signature.

scholarly journals Mode in Arabic-English Translation: with Reference to the Quran

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-522
Author(s):  
Ibrahim II Najjar ◽  
Soh Bee Kwee ◽  
Thabet Abu Abu al-haj
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Rhetorical Question ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Rhetorical Questions

A rhetorical question has the form of a question but does not perform its function, i.e. does not seek any information but rather, is used to give a specific or rhetoric function such as denial, assertion, testing, equalization and negation. The present study investigates the two English translations that were used in the translation of the Quranic rhetorical questions. In a nutshell, this is a comparative study that aims to discover if the grammatical shifts that had occurred in the two English translations would have an effect on the denial, assertion, testing, and equalization and negation modes of the Quranic rhetorical questions. For this purpose, we had adopted the register theory of Halliday and Hassan (1985) as well as the translation shifts of Catford (1965) in the comparison of the two English translations, namely the Koran Interpreted that was authored by Arberry (1955) and the Noble Quran: English translation of the meanings and commentary as transcribed by al-Hilali and Khan (1996). According to the analyses, the occurrence of grammatical shifts between the two translations had in fact affected the mode of the ST rhetorical questions, their rhetorical meanings and consequently, issues on mode sustenance. Therefore, it can be said that the register theory of Halliday and Hassan (1985) had been a beneficial tool used in the analysis of the translation process.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the epistemological language in translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Irina G. Chernenok ◽  
Elena M. Gordeeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Philosophical Texts ◽  
Study Context

The article presents a comparative analysis of the translation of basic epistemological terms and attempts to analyse cognitive factors underlying the construction of meaning in the translation process. Apart from linguistic expertise, the translation of philosophical texts re­quires a profound understading of the subject matter. Ambiguity of philosophical terms, which appears as a result of the development of a particular concept within a specific philo­sophical school of thought, may lead to inconsistencies in the translation decision-making. The paper aims to apply a cognitive approach to the translation of epistemological terms into the German and English language: Erkenntnis/cognition vs knowledge. In this study, context is interpreted as a verbalization of a specific conceptual frame facilitating the identification of the appropriate meaning of the term on a deeper, conceptual level. The article contains nu­merous examples from the works of Immanuel Kant translated into English as well as the data from multilingual translation corpora which are used to describe translation-relevant aspects of conceptual integration in philosophical discourse.

Translation and Word-Picture Relationships in Chih-Yuan Chen's Picturebooks

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-194
Author(s):  
Shih-Wen Sue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dual Language ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Young Age ◽  
International Recognition ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Visual Text ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Chih-Yuan Chen is one of Taiwan's most successful picturebook author–illustrators, having won international recognition for his books, which have been translated into many languages. In Taiwan, several of Chen's works have been repackaged as bilingual books, highlighting the way publishers' marketing strategies are attuned to the desire of Taiwanese parents to help their children learn English from a young age. Even for distinguished creators such as Chen, however, this process is not straightforward. Using a combination of comparative analysis and picturebook theory, this article examines how the relationship between words and pictures has been changed in English translations of two of Chen's picturebooks. Such changes are inconsistent and problematic: bilingual editions contain omissions that raise questions about attitudes toward the function and purpose of dual language books, and the formatting and packaging of bilingual editions privilege verbal text over visual text.

scholarly journals Revisiting Translation Quality Assurance: A Comparative Analysis of Evaluation Principles between Student Translators and the Professional Trans-editor

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Wan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Translator Training ◽  
University Lecturers

Evaluation is of paramount significance in the teaching and learning process. So is true with translation teaching andlearning. This study uses in-depth interview to qualitatively examine in which ways the student translators and theprofessional trans-editor, two important stakeholders in the learning process, evaluate the work of translation. It thensubsequently compares student translators’ and the professional trans-editor’s evaluation criteria in order to analyse thedifferences. This study also compares students’ pitfalls encountered during the translation process, providing studentswith invaluable resources to reflect on their own translation and then to improve their translation quality. Animplication of this study is that the interaction among students, professional trans-editor, and university lecturers mayultimately be beneficial to translator training.

Translation of Politeness Strategies in Jane Austen’s Sense and Sensibility

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Henrietta László
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Parallel Analysis ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Sense And Sensibility ◽  
Linguistic Behaviour

The present article is a comparative analysis of negative politeness strategies in Jane Austen’s Sense and Sensibility and the Hungarian translation in Értelem és érzelem translated by Gerda Barcza. The aim of the article is to examine whether the politeness strategies applied by the characters in the source text remain the same type of politeness strategies in the target text as a result of the translation process. The article also endeavours to establish whether the politeness strategies employed by the characters in the Hungarian translation mirror the same character traits as in the original text. The article presents the parallel analysis of the negative politeness strategies in the source text and the target text used by several characters in the novel. The comparative analysis explores whether there are any changes in the characters’ linguistic behaviour as a result of the translation process. In order to show the differences between the source and the target text, we apply back translation, a translation that is as literal as possible to demonstrate the change of the politeness strategy. When no change is identified, no back translation is applied, only a detailed analysis and explanation is offered. The article presupposes that the politeness strategy in question will show only a slight change, therefore the characters will mirror the same traits as in the original text. The article ultimately aims to prove that the translation of the novel entitled Sense and Sensibility will not alter Jane Austen’s specific way of characterization.

Oral cultures and sexism: A comparative analysis of African and Punjabi folklore

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-126
Author(s):  
Lubna Akhlaq Khan ◽  
Muhammad Safeer Awan ◽  
Aadila Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Thematic Content Analysis ◽  
Thematic Content ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Oral Cultures ◽  
English Translations

The present study embarked with a supposition that there are similarities (traditional, under-developed, agri-based) between the Punjabi and African cultures, so the gender ideology might have similar patterns, which can be verified through the analysis of oral genres of the respective cultures. From Africa, Nigerian (Yoruba) proverbs are selected to be studied in comparison with Punjabi proverbs, while taking insights from Feminist CDA (Lazar 2005). The study has examined how Punjabi and Yoruba proverbs mirror, produce and conserve gendered ideology and patriarchism. Punjabi proverbs are selected through purposive sampling from ‘Our Proverbs’ (Shahbaz 2005) and Yoruba examples (with English translations and interpretations) are elicited from a dictionary of Yoruba proverbs (Owomoyela 2005), as well as articles written about gender by native Yoruba researchers. The investigation has uncovered through thematic content analysis that the portrayal of women in both communities is primarily biased, face-threatening and nullifying. Both languages have presented womenfolk mainly as unreliable, insensible, loquacious, insincere, ungrateful, opportunist, materialistic and troublemaking. Men have been depicted for the most part as aggressive, rational, prevailing, and anxious to take risks. This analysis infers that in asymmetrically organised Punjabi and African (Yoruba) communities, proverbs are deliberately sustaining inequality.

scholarly journals TRANSLATING ITALO CALVINO: HOW CLOSE READING AND COMPARISONS CAN ILLUMINATE THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE TRANSLATION PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paddy Twigg
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Italian Literature ◽  
Italo Calvino ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
English Translations

I have chosen to translate passages from two works by Italo Calvino (1923-1985) into English. The first, a novel, was his first publication, Il sentiero dei nidi di ragno, Torino: Einaudi, October 1947. Two English translations of it have been published: the first, The Path to the Nest of Spiders by Archibald Colquhoun, London: Jonathan Cape, 1956, and the second, The Path to the Spiders’ Nests (including the author’s 1964 Preface, translated by William Weaver), by Martin McLaughlin, New York: Random House, 1998. It is the first of these that I have used as a comparison with my own translation. Interestingly, Colquhoun’s translation was re-published by Penguin in 2009 in a form revised by McLaughlin. Colquhoun (1912-1964) was a leading early translator of modern Italian literature into English. As well as those of Calvino, his translations of Manzoni and Lampedusa were highly successful. He was the first recipient of the PEN Translation prize.

scholarly journals ON ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF R. M. RILKE’S POETIC LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Voronevskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
World Languages ◽  
English Translations ◽  
English Speaking

This study aims to assess the adequacy of the form of German sonnets when reproduced in English translations. The focus is on interrogative sentences, which, together with the sonnet in the form of a macro-sentence, the shortened verse and enjambment, are the characteristics of the innovative features of Sonnets to Orpheus by R. M. Rilke. The lyrical cycle Sonnets to Orpheus is among the most translated into world languages of Rilke’s poetry works, as well as Duino Elegies. Both professional and amateur poets and translators have been competing to put the Austrian writer’s best poems into English. Here we examine more than twenty English translations of the Sonnets into English, made from 1936 to 2008. The importance of the comparative linguistic-stylistic study of the original and its translations is determined by the continuing interest in Rilke’s works in English-speaking countries and the necessity to understand the principles of reconstructing the features of Rilke’s poetics using the English language. The system of methods used in this work includes: historical and philological analysis, comparative linguistic and stylistic description, as well as comparative analysis of the original and translation in the form that was developed in the works of V. Bryusov (1905), N. Gumilev (1919), M. Lozinsky (1935), E. Etkind (1963), S. Goncharenko (1987). We have found that the innovative nature of German sonnets is not always reflected in English translations. In some translations, American and British translators significantly modified the form of the original: interrogative sentences dominating in XVII and XVIII sonnets of the second part of the lyric cycle were not reproduced in English translations made by G. Good, D. Young, C. Haseloff, N. Mardas Billias and others.

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