scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the epistemological language in translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Irina G. Chernenok ◽  
Elena M. Gordeeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Philosophical Texts ◽  
Study Context

The article presents a comparative analysis of the translation of basic epistemological terms and attempts to analyse cognitive factors underlying the construction of meaning in the translation process. Apart from linguistic expertise, the translation of philosophical texts re­quires a profound understading of the subject matter. Ambiguity of philosophical terms, which appears as a result of the development of a particular concept within a specific philo­sophical school of thought, may lead to inconsistencies in the translation decision-making. The paper aims to apply a cognitive approach to the translation of epistemological terms into the German and English language: Erkenntnis/cognition vs knowledge. In this study, context is interpreted as a verbalization of a specific conceptual frame facilitating the identification of the appropriate meaning of the term on a deeper, conceptual level. The article contains nu­merous examples from the works of Immanuel Kant translated into English as well as the data from multilingual translation corpora which are used to describe translation-relevant aspects of conceptual integration in philosophical discourse.

scholarly journals Specialized Knowledge Representation: From Terms to Frames

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Faber ◽  
Melania Cabezas-García
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Knowledge Structures ◽  
Domain Specific Language ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Specialized Texts ◽  
Study Context

Abstract Understanding specialized discourse requires the identification and activation of knowledge structures underlying the text. The expansion and enhancement of knowledge is thus an important part of the specialized translation process (Faber 2015). This paper explores how the analysis of terminological meaning can be addressed from the perspective of Frame-Based Terminology (FBT) (Faber 2012, 2015), a cognitive approach to domain-specific language, which directly links specialized knowledge representation to cognitive linguistics and cognitive semantics. In this study, context expansion was explored in a three-stage procedure: from single terms to multi-word terms, from multi-word terms to phrases, and from phrases to frames. Our results showed that this approach provides valuable insights into the identification of the knowledge structures underlying specialized texts.

scholarly journals KANT’S CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE AND AQUINAS’ NATURAL LAW THEORY: A CRITICAL AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 01-13
Author(s):  
Ejeh Paulinus C.
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Categorical Imperative ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Ethical Philosophy ◽  
Critical Comparison ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Natural Law Theory

This paper titled: “Kant’s Categorical Imperative and Aquinas’ Natural Law Theory: A Critical and Comparative Analysis”, is an attempt towards a better understanding of the compatibility or otherwise, that may exist between the works of the two great minds in the history of philosophy-Thomas Aquinas and Immanuel Kant. The paper aims at a critical comparison of the basic premises of Kant’s and Aquinas’s ethical philosophy, intending to find similarities and dissimilarities as well as compatibility or incompatibility between them. This paper adopts a conceptual clarification of our discourse and engages in an analytic, critical exposition, and appraisal of the subject matters.

scholarly journals Specialized Knowledge Representation: from Terms to Frames

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-211
Author(s):  
Pamela Faber ◽  
Melania Cabezas-García
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Knowledge Structures ◽  
Domain Specific Language ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Specialized Texts ◽  
Study Context

Understanding specialized discourse requires the identification and activation of knowledge structures underlying the text. The expansion and enhancement of knowledge is thus an important part of the specialized translation process (Faber 2015). This paper explores how the analysis of terminological meaning can be addressed from the perspective of Frame-Based Terminology (FBT) (Faber 2012, 2015), a cognitive approach to domain-specific language, which directly links specialized knowledge representation to cognitive linguistics and cognitive semantics. In this study, context expansion was explored in a three-stage procedure: from single terms to multi-word terms, from multi-word terms to phrases, and from phrases to frames. Our results showed that this approach provides valuable insights into the identification of the knowledge structures underlying specialized texts.

scholarly journals To the problems of difference in interpretations of the plot of D. D. Shostakovich’s ballet “The Limpid Stream”

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Daria Khokhlova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Peer Reviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Subject

The object of this research is the plot of D. D. Shostakovich’s ballet “The Limpid Stream”. The subject is the interpretation of this plot in the versions of F. G Lopukhov (1935) and A. O. Ratmansky (2003), as well as peer review on these spectacles. The goal of this work consists in determination of the crucial for the concepts of ballet masters differences of libretto (as a literary foundation of the plot) in the three versions of the ballet, and comparison of perception of the plot in the year of its first staging and at the present. The considered problematic required application of historical approach – attraction of the materials and articles for the period of 1935-1936. The historiographical analysis allowed translating and examining one of the most recent peer reviews on the spectacle – the English-language reviews on the “Limpid Stream” of Ratmansky, presented on the London tour of Bolshoi Theatre in August 2019. The article also utilizes practical experience of author’s work with Ratmansky and participation in the aforementioned tours (performing the role of Zina).The main tool for solution of the set problem became the comparative analysis of the varieties of libretto (authors – Lopukhov and Piotrovsky) of the three versions of ballet “The Limpid Stream”. It is concluded that the first versions of ballet were popular among the public, but aroused negative or ambiguous feedback, which led to the removal of spectacle from the repertoire. The last version is regularly performed in the repertoire of Bolshoi Theatre, including on the tour, being well regarded by the public and sophisticated British critics.

scholarly journals TYPOLOGY OF PRECEDENT NAMES IN NEWSPAPER HEADLINES

2021 ◽  
pp. 298-308
Author(s):  
Yana Chukur ◽  
Nataliia Sunko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Cultural Literacy ◽  
Study Material ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Quantitative Calculations

The article is devoted to the study and analysis of precedent names of three cultural spheres ("Bible", "Literature", "Mythology") in newspaper headlines. The subject of the study is a typology of precedent names in newspaper headlines. The object of it is newspaper headlines of modern English-language periodicals. The purpose of this work is to study the precedent names and analyze features of their functioning in the newspaper headlines. The study material includes Questia Online Library, where the newspaper headlines with precedent names extracted from The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy were investigated (350 precedent names that were used in 12189 newspaper headlines). In order to achieve the purpose of the work a comparative analysis of precedent names was conducted within three cultural spheres ("Bible", "Literature", "Mythology") and discourses in American and British periodicals (37 American and 27 British newspapers). A descriptive method, a comparative method and a method of quantitative calculations were used. Having substantiated the concept of precedent names and studying their features and functions, it was proved that they are known mainly to representatives of a certain linguocultural community, and some background knowledge is needed to understand them. In order to study precedent names, their quantitative distributions by cultural spheres, years and discourses were made. The study found that the group "Literature" is one of the most productive sources of precedent names. It was proved that in the headlines for 2015-2019 the most common precedent names are the names of the cultural sphere "Literature", and the least common - "Mythology". In addition, it was determined what precedent names are the most popular in English newspaper headlines and which ones are not often used.

scholarly journals Reconsideration of classification of phrasal verbs in the English language

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Leonid Firstov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Phrasal Verbs ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Pitch Accents ◽  
Theoretical Developments

The goal of this work consists in formulation of definition and classification of phrasal verbs in the English language. The subject of this research is the semantics of English phrasal verbs. Lexicographical analysis became the main method for this research. The author also carried out semantic and comparative analysis of English and Russian prefixed verbs; examines the peculiarities of distribution of pitch accents between “simple” verb and postposition as one of the determinant attributes that allows classifying phrasal verbs into an independent lexical group. It is demonstrated that some word combinations, which are traditionally considered phrasal verbs, should not be attributed to this category of lexical units. The author determines the attributes that allow unifying interpretation of the term “phrasal verb”. The scientific novelty consists in the new perspective upon classification of phrasal verbs, distinguishing three types of these lexical units based on the logic of their formation. The author underlines that all phrasal verbs are amenable to the proposed classification, excluding the cases when the status of second element within them does not deem it as postposition. The acquired results significantly simplify the understanding of such verbs and can be applied in teaching or further theoretical developments of the subject of phrasal verbs.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of structural-semantic types of English and Ukrainian proverbs and sayings

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
L. T. Tyshakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Lexical Resources ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Semantic Types ◽  
Over Time

The article considers structural and semantic types of English and Ukrainian proverbs and sayings in a comparative aspect. It should be noted that phraseology has always been the subject of special attention of national lexicology. Issues such as typological, semantic and stylistic classifications of phraseological units, the degree of their stability, their origin will always remain at the forefront of the linguistic search. An interesting future awaits the comparison of phraseological systems in related and non-related languages, search and translation of variants, as well as the origin of units that remain constant over time. Phraseological units fill the gaps in the lexical system of the language which cannot fully provide the names of the new aspects of reality cognized be a person and in many cases are the only designations for objects, properties, processes, states, situations and the like. The emergence of phraseological units (proverbs and sayings) weakens the contradictions between the needs of thinking and the limited lexical resources of the language. Phraseological units are carriers of the aphoristic fund, which determines the factors of the perception of the world and is associated with everyday life f and culture and is also determined by both the theoretical and practical significance of the study of phraseological units. Correct and accurate semantisation of phraseological units (proverbs and sayings) of the English language more than any other means contribute to the vocabulary expansion and mastery. Laconicism and expressiveness of the studied phenomenon contributes to the rapid mastery of English grammar and the parallel development of idiomatic speech.

scholarly journals Code-switched Greeting by Bilingual Saudi-American Subject: A Case Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrar Basabrin
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
American Girl ◽  
American Subject ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Language Context

This paper investigates the myth of children’s monolingual brain by conducting a case study of a two-year-old Saudi-American girl, who is in the two-word stage of vocalization, by focusing on a certain speech act, viz., “greeting” and demonstrating how it is heavily code-switched into Arabic/English language(s) with regard to the context of the speech and the greeter/receiver of the greeting identity. The subject has been raised in an English-speaking country milieu (United States of America), while she has been used to speaking Arabic at home. In this regard, the paper highlights the aim of the encoded usage of code-switching utterances in term of addressing the monolingual brain hypothesis. This qualitative study is based on open observations of two continues months of a toddler as the participant of this study aiming at exploring whether children’s greeting differ from those of adults and whether this greeting differs between two languages with regard to monolingual brain hypotheses. So far, the study concluded that greeting has never been mixed upon context, though utterances are code-switched. Moreover, the greeting process is comprehended and acquired within the language context as a pragmatic speech act regarding greeter’s identity, context, and gender. Findings of this study significantly support the cognitive approach in term of greeting via using a high frequent greeting word among the American culture. As would cognitive linguists suggest, greeting speech act response varies regarding how greeters of each community greet the subject, but not how they greet each other’s in a community. Therefore, surprisingly the two-year-old subject perceptually recognizes the fact of receiving two different languages regardless to the monolingual hypothesis.

Assessment of small businesses activities in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Igor Ponomarenko ◽  
Kateryna Volovnenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Enterprises

The subject of the research is a set of approaches to the statistical analysis ofthe activities of small business entities in Ukraine, including micro-enterprises. The purpose of writing this article is to study of the features of functioningof small business entities in Ukraine. Methodology. The research methodology isto use a system-structural and comparative analysis (to study the change in thenumber of small enterprises by major components); monographic (when studyingmethods of statistical analysis of small businesses); economic analysis (when assessing the impact of small business entities on socio-economic phenomena andprocesses in Ukraine). The scientific novelty consists to determine the features ofthe functioning of small businesses in Ukraine in modern conditions. The influenceof the activities of the main socio-economic and political indicators on the activities of small enterprises in recent periods of time has been identified. It has beenestablished that there is flexibility in the development of strategies by small businesses in conditions of significant competition, which makes it possible to quicklyrespond to changing situations in specific markets. Conclusions. The use of acomprehensive statistical analysis of small businesses functioning in Ukraine willallow government agencies to develop a set of measures to optimize the activitiesof these enterprises, which ultimately will positively affect the strengthening oftheir competitiveness and will contribute to the growth of the national economicsystem.

A comparative analysis of the lay-friendliness of Danish EU patient information leaflets from 2000 to 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Askehave ◽  
Karen Korning Zethsen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Patient Information ◽  
Patient Information Leaflet ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Information Leaflet ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Patient Information Leaflets ◽  
Information Leaflets ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

Since becoming mandatory in the EU in 1992, the patient information leaflet (PIL) has been the subject of an on-going discussion regarding its ability to provide easily understandable information. This study examines whether the lay-friendliness of Danish PILs has improved from 2000 to 2012 according to the Danish consumers. A reproduction of a questionnaire study from 2000 was carried out. The responses of the 2012 survey were compared to those of the 2000 survey and the analysis showed that Danes are less inclined to read the PIL in 2012 compared to 2000 and that the general interest in PILs has decreased. The number of respondents who deem the PIL easy to read has gone down. According to Danish consumers, the lay-friendliness of PILs has not improved from 2000 to 2012 and a very likely explanation could be that the PIL as a genre has become far too regulated and complex to live up to its original intentions. On the basis of the empirical results the article furthermore offers suggestions for practice changes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document