scholarly journals CONVERSION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND TO NON-AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES IN SELECTED POLISH METROPOLITAN AREAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Sroka
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Farmland Abandonment ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Core

The aim of the paper is to determine the scale of agricultural land conversion in gmina (municipalities) located in selected metropolitan areas of Poland. Analyses were conducted taking into account the location of agricultural land in relation to the core of metropolitan area and its suitability for agricultural production. The research has shown that in the metropolitan areas selected for analysis, agricultural land conversion in the period 1996–2014 was over twice as fast as the average for Poland, with the most land converted in the core of a metropolitan area, little less in the first zone of gmina around the core, and the least in gmina located on the outskirts of a metropolitan area. The hypothesis saying that the distance of a gmina from the core of the metropolitan area is a significant factor in the differences in conversion processes, and high quality of environmental conditions of agricultural production does not limit (in a significant way) the process of farmland abandonment has been positively verified.

scholarly journals EXPLORING THE FACTORS OF FARMLAND ABANDONMENT – A CASE STUDY OF THE CHOSEN POLISH METROPOLITAN AREAS

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (4) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Sroka ◽  
Aleksandra Płonka ◽  
Piotr Krzyk
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Farmland Abandonment ◽  
Secondary Research ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
Research Material

The main aim of this paper was to assess the factors of farmland abandonment in selected metropolitan areas in Poland. The research used secondary research material, including data from the Main Statistical Office (Polish GUS) and academic literature. Analyses were conducted by means of the method of regression trees, among other things. The research found out that nearly 16% of farmland in Polish metropolitan areas had been abandoned. The factor that most affected set-aside was the share of small farms with an area of less than 5 ha of agricultural land. In communes with the majority of small farms, almost 30% of agricultural land was set aside. Entrepreneurship indicator, population density and net migration were also significant in explaining the phenomenon discussed in the paper. High values of these measures correlated with more advanced processes of farmland abandonment.

scholarly journals Accreditation of research in the thermo-climatic chamber - various aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Artur Gawlik ◽  
Piotr Kucybała ◽  
Danuta Owczarek ◽  
Janusz Pobędza
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
New Products ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
High Quality ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
The Impact

One of the important aspects in the implementation of new products for production in the open field is the assessment of the impact of environmental conditions on their operation. Typically thermo-climatic research is carried out for such project. The laboratory of Techno-climatic Research and Heavy Duty Machines of Cracow University of Technology, equipped with a large-sized thermo-climatic chamber conducts this type of research. Bearing in mind the assurance of high quality of the conducted research, the quality management system (QMS) was developed and implemented. The article describes the requirements, scope and process of obtaining a Polish Centre for Accreditation (PCA) certificate.

scholarly journals Determinants of Farmland Abandonment in Selected Metropolitan Areas of Poland: A Spatial Analysis on the Basis of Regression Trees and Interviews with Experts

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Sroka ◽  
Bernd Pölling ◽  
Tomasz Wojewodzic ◽  
Miroslaw Strus ◽  
Paulina Stolarczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farmland Abandonment ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Tree Method

Dynamic land use changes in metropolitan areas are global phenomena. The influence of urbanisation processes on farmland is twofold: urban encroachments predominantly take place at the expense of farmland, and also result in farmland abandonment processes, especially in Central Eastern and Southern Europe. This paper analyses determinants of farmland abandonment in 280 municipalities situated in six selected Polish metropolitan areas. The analysis, which covers secondary statistical data as well as primary data collected via a survey among experts, applies the regression tree method. Within the six selected metropolitan areas nearly 9% of the farmland is permanently excluded from agricultural production (actual abandonment), plus another 11.5% is currently not being used for production (semi-abandonment). For actual abandonment, physical and economic sizes of farms, part-time farming, and soil quality constitute the most relevant determinants. Socio-economic variables play a more important role in explaining semi-abandonment than actual abandonment. Temporary exclusion of farmland from agricultural production is connected with urbanisation processes. Higher shares of built-up and urbanised areas, higher population densities, and positive migration rates result in higher shares of semi-abandonment. Naturally, areas characterised by agrarian fragmentation, where due to low agricultural incomes farmers more often decided to abandon agricultural production, were, in particular, subject to this process.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS AND VARIABILITY IN INCOME FROM FARMING IN FARMS OPERATING IN METROPOLITAN AREAS IN POLAND

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (4) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Wojewodzic ◽  
Wojciech Sroka ◽  
Jarosław Mikołajczyk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Core ◽  
Big City ◽  
Estimate Rate ◽  
Lower Silesia

The aim of the paper was to indicate differences in income from agricultural activity earned by farm owners located in different zones under the influence of a big city. The study covered entities from six voivodships: Lower Silesia, Lubelskie, Lesser Poland, Masovia, Pomerania and Greater Poland. The database of the Polish FADN system was the source of data presented in the analysis. The outer and inner metropolitan zone have been distinguished as well as the group of objects located outside metropolitan areas. For the distinguished groups, a comparative analysis was carried out. Research pinpointed that in the inner metropolitan area zone, there was evidently a considerably higher income from a farm on one unit of own work and the estimate rate of wage for an hour of hired work. The average value of these categories was diminishing in subsequent zones along with moving away from the core of metropolitan areas. Apart from that, in all the three researched groups of farms, the average rate of wage of own work was higher than the rate of wage of hired work. This means that farm owners also take wages from management and the incurred economy risk. The height of these wages is subjected to considerable fluctuation that result from e.g., observed economic fluctuations in agriculture.

Deep Chandra observations of the core of the Perseus cluster

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S342) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Jeremy S. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
High Quality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Core ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Spatially Resolved Spectroscopy ◽  
Perseus Cluster ◽  
Metallicity Distribution

AbstractThe Perseus cluster is the X-ray brightest cluster in the sky and with deep Chandra observations we are able to map its central structure on very short spatial scales. In addition, the high quality of X-ray data allows detailed spatially-resolved spectroscopy. In this paper I review what these deep observations have told us about AGN feedback in clusters, sloshing and instabilities, and the metallicity distribution.

Cloud Hierarchical Analysis for Educational Resources of Engineering Education Accreditation in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 2577-2580
Author(s):  
Niu Xiao ◽  
Kai Hu Hou ◽  
Wei Zhen Liao
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Educational Resources ◽  
Educational Resource ◽  
Hierarchical Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Core ◽  
Calculation Results

The core of engineering education Accreditation is to estimate engineering education qualification of each institute and make a direction for institutes development. The purpose of Accreditation is to improve universities ability to educate high quality engineers and to enhance Chinese engineering education and to make pace with international engineering education. Educational resources that affect the engineering education accreditation is one of important factors, Therefore, the model of educational resource for engineering education Accreditation becomes very important to insure the quality of Accreditation. This paper use Cloud Hierarchical Analysis (CHA) to deal with the fuzziness and uncertainty in the engineering education Accreditation. The Cloud Hierarchical Analysis can efficiently describe the fuzziness and randomness of judgment graphically by cloud figure and provide a picture for decision maker. Using cloud operator and geometric mean method to calculate the Cloud weights for each positive reciprocal Cloud matrix, and these weights are combined to determine the final Cloud scores for the alternatives. Finally, the calculation results show that Cloud Hierarchical Analysis model is suitable for educational resources of engineering education Accreditation.

scholarly journals Development of a Soybean Sowing Model Under Laboratory Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 957-962
Author(s):  
Jan Turan ◽  
Vladimir Višacki ◽  
Patrik Burg ◽  
Pavol Findura ◽  
Aleksandar Sedlar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Yield Formation

Sowing is affected by numerous factors, and thus high‑quality sowing is a very important task for agricultural engineers and managers of profitable agricultural production. The primary purpose of sowing is placing seeds at proper depths and in‑row spacings in well‑prepared soil. Plant population particularly gives prominence to sowing as it directly affects the uniformity of plant growth and development. Soybean planting is especially dependent on the quality of planting for yield formation due to the significant vicinity of seeds. Provided all external factors of high‑quality sowing are met, i.e. sowing conditions, the quality of sowing depends upon the planting mechanism. The following features of the planting mechanism are the most important: RPM of the seed disc, the travel speed of a seeder, and the values of gauge and vacuum pressure. This paper presents the results of sowing three different fractions of soybean seeds under laboratory conditions. The quality measurement of sowing was performed at different values of vacuum pressure and RPM of the seed disc. On balance, an increase in vacuum pressure results in improved sowing quality due to a stronger adherence of seeds to the seed disc. Lower values of vacuum pressure do not exert significant effects on the quality of sowing, regardless of the seed fraction. However, higher RPM of the seed disc entail an increase in the coefficient of variation. On the basis of the results obtained, a mathematical model for predicting changes in the coefficient of variation of sowing quality was developed using different operating parameters.

Research and Implementation on the Quality Controlling Method of NURBS Curve

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 4269-4273
Author(s):  
Ping Ai ◽  
Bo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Nurbs Curve ◽  
The Core ◽  
Nurbs Curves ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Quality Surface ◽  
High Quality Surface ◽  
Modification Of The Surface

In CAID software based on NURBS technology, the quality of curve directly affects the quality of surface, and the post-editing and modification of the surface, so good curve is the core and key to build high-quality surface. In this paper, combining the basic theory of NURBS curves with practical experience, we conduct an in-depth study in the method of controlling the quality of the NURBS curves, and propose an implementation to improve the quality of the NURBS curves.

scholarly journals The Accuracy of Economic Measurement in the Health and Retirement Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric French ◽  
John Bailey Jones ◽  
Jeremy McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Exit Interview ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Health And Retirement Study ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Core ◽  
Medical Spending ◽  
Survey Questions ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract We assess the quality of the HRS’s measures of out-of-pocket medical spending and health insurance premia, both in the “core interviews” and in the “exit interview” data. We provide detailed evidence on the quality of the HRS insurance premia data, and we compare the HRS exit data to exit data in the MCBS. We document how changes in survey questions, including the introduction of “unfolding brackets,” affect the HRS measures. We document what we believe are errors in the HRS imputations and provide some suggestions for improving the accuracy of some imputed variables. Overall, we find the HRS data to be of high quality. However, we believe that many interesting variables in the HRS are under-utilized because users must perform imputations themselves.

scholarly journals Detecting individual gravity modes in the Sun: Chimera or reality?

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (H15) ◽  
pp. 345-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael A. García
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Properties ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Doppler Velocity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Velocity Signal ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theoretical Developments

AbstractOver the past 15 years, our knowledge of the interior of the Sun has tremendously progressed by the use of helioseismic measurements. However, to go further in our understanding of the solar core, we need to measure gravity (g) modes. Thanks to the high quality of the Doppler-velocity signal measured by GOLF/SoHO, it has been possible to unveil the signature of the asymptotic properties of the solar g modes, thus obtaining a hint of the rotation rate in the core (García et al. 2007, 2008a). However, the quest for the detection of individual g modes is not yet over. In this work, we apply the latest theoretical developments to guide our research using GOLF velocity time series. In contrary to what was thought till now, we are maybe starting to identify individual low-frequency g modes. . .

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