scholarly journals The second national forest inventory of the Republic of Serbia

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-172
Author(s):  
Damjan Pantic ◽  
Matthias Dees ◽  
Dragan Borota
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Institutional Organization ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Field Works

The forestry sector of Serbia, other users, as well as international organizations and conventions express the need for an increasing volume, specific structure and high reliability of information on the growing stock of Serbia. To meet these requirements, NFI-2 has undergone significant changes compared to NFI-1. In methodological terms, the changes are reflected in the fact that NFI-2 is a two-phase inventory. In the phase of photo-interpretation of the images, land categories are identified, changes occurred in the period 2006-2019 and field works are planned. Unlike NFI-1, all four circles on the cluster have a permanent character, the centers of the circles are better secured, which ensures their easy findings in NFI-3. The field phase is realized using high-precision instruments, digital records of measured or estimated values and online transfer to the database. The control of field works is performed through three levels, which significantly reduces the possibility of the appearance of rough and systematic errors. The scope of information has been significantly expanded, especially in the field of biodiversity assessment, nature protection, carbon storage, bioenergy, etc. Conceived in this way, NFI-2 is compatible with the inventories of most European countries, except in the area of its institutional organization in Serbia, which has not been resolved.

scholarly journals The growing stock of the Republic of Serbia: State and problems

2009 ◽  
pp. 7-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisa Bankovic ◽  
Milan Medarevic ◽  
Damjan Pantic ◽  
Nenad Petrovic ◽  
Biljana Sljukic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Special Section ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Forest Ownership ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Autonomous Province

Based on the data of the National Forest Inventory, this paper presents the basic characteristics of forest ecosystems in Serbia by different qualitative and quantitative parameters. The following parameters were dealt with: land use, forest ownership, origin, naturalness, preservation status, mixture and structural form of forests, percentage of tree species, stand category, volume distribution by diameter degrees, as well as the quantity of dead wood and carbon stock in the forests of Ser?bia. The analysis of the presented state enables the definition of some of strategic problems which individually and acting together burden our forest ecosystems, and whose detailed elaboration, measures and methods of enhancement will be fully expressed in the highest planning document - National Forest Programme. A special section, but without being sufficiently analytical, presents the main data on the growing stock of the Autonomous Province Kosovo and Metohija taken from the Report of the Norwegian Forestry Group.

ASPECTS AND POSSIBILITIES OF USING THE CLUSTER APPROACH IN DEVELOPING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ZIYARAH TOURISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Anvar Khudoyarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
Cluster Management ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Management Method ◽  
The Republic

This article describes how the Republic of Uzbekistan establishes and develops relations with international organizations and foreign countries in the field of tourism, increases the flow of tourists to our country, creates all conditions for tourists, improves the quality and culture of services, and also provides the tourism industry. The organizational and economic aspects of tourism regulation by the cluster management method are considered

Into Russian Nature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan D. Roe
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
National Parks ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
National Park ◽  
World War ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Goals

Into Russian Nature examines the history of the Russian national park movement. Russian biologists and geographers had been intrigued with the idea of establishing national parks before the Great October Revolution but pushed the Soviet government successfully to establish nature reserves (zapovedniki) during the USSR’s first decades. However, as the state pushed scientists to make zapovedniki more “useful” during the 1930s, some of the system’s staunchest defenders started supporting tourism in them. In the decades after World War II, the USSR experienced a tourism boom and faced a chronic shortage of tourism facilities. Also during these years, Soviet scientists took active part in Western-dominated international environmental protection organizations, where they became more familiar with national parks. In turn, they enthusiastically promoted parks for the USSR as a means to reconcile environmental protection and economic development goals, bring international respect to Soviet nature protection efforts, and help instill a love for the country’s nature and a desire to protect it in Russian/Soviet citizens. By the late 1980s, their supporters pushed transformative, and in some cases quixotic, park proposals. At the same time, national park opponents presented them as an unaffordable luxury during a time of economic struggle, especially after the USSR’s collapse. Despite unprecedented collaboration with international organizations, Russian national parks received little governmental support as they became mired in land-use conflicts with local populations. While the history of Russia’s national parks illustrates a bold attempt at reform, the state’s failure’s to support them has left Russian park supporters deeply disillusioned.

scholarly journals Growing Stock Volume Retrieval from Single and Multi-Frequency Radar Backscatter

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
Mihai A. Tanase ◽  
Ignacio Borlaf-Mena ◽  
Maurizio Santoro ◽  
Cristina Aponte ◽  
Gheorghe Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
L Band ◽  
Stock Volume ◽  
Global Datasets ◽  
Relative Root

While products generated at global levels provide easy access to information on forest growing stock volume (GSV), their use at regional to national levels is limited by temporal frequency, spatial resolution, or unknown local errors that may be overcome through locally calibrated products. This study assessed the need, and utility, of developing locally calibrated GSV products for the Romanian forests. To this end, we used national forest inventory (NFI) permanent sampling plots with largely concurrent SAR datasets acquired at C- and L-bands to train and validate a machine learning algorithm. Different configurations of independent variables were evaluated to assess potential synergies between C- and L-band. The results show that GSV estimation errors at C- and L-band were rather similar, relative root mean squared errors (RelRMSE) around 55% for forests averaging over 450 m3 ha−1, while synergies between the two wavelengths were limited. Locally calibrated models improved GSV estimation by 14% when compared to values obtained from global datasets. However, even the locally calibrated models showed particularly large errors over low GSV intervals. Aggregating the results over larger areas considerably reduced (down to 25%) the relative estimation errors.

The fight of Armenia against COVID-19 in the context of international cooperation

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
M. A. Tamamyan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Health System ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
External Actors

The article is devoted to the study of methods of combating coronavirus infection in the Republic of Armenia in the context of international cooperation. Attention is focused on the interaction of country with international organizations to overcome the pandemic in the country. This paper presents the author's table based on the analysis of the mass media in order to summarize the full range of cooperation between the Government of Armenia and external actors during the COVID-19. The article emphasizes the importance of creating an anti-crisis committee to combat coronavirus, as well as the need to increase funding for the health system.

scholarly journals The Influence Of Climate Leadership, Organizational Behavior And Discipline Work Against The Performance Of Members Of The Police Of The Republic Of Indonesia Sabhara Units Of The Resort City Of Padang

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Kusuma Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Leadership Behavior ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Know How ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Republic

The purpose of this research was: 1) to explain whether there was a Climate of leadership, Organizational Behavior Disciplines Work on performance of Member unit of the police of the Republic of Indonesia Sabhara Resort City of Padang and 2) measure the magnitude of the influence of Climate leadership, Organizational Behavior Disciplines Work on performance of Member unit of the police of the Republic of Indonesia Sabhara Resort City of Padang.This research was conducted in February-March 2016 in Sabhara units of the police force of the Republic Indonesia's resort city of Padang.The sample used in this study as many as 32 respondents using a sampling of saturated. As for the independent variable of climate leadership, Organizational Behavior Disciplines work, whereas the variable dependennya is the performance of members of the police. This research is explanatory research.The method of data collection is the kuestioner. Data analysis techniques using Descriptive Analysis and Inferensial Analysis.To know how the variables are independent of the dependent variable are partial, used test t. Whereas to know the influence of the variables are independent of the dependent variables simultaneously, use the test F. Assumptions used in the test of validity is if R-female > R-table item is declared valid. R-count shown in the table above, from individual items suggests that R-female > R-table so that the items are declared valid.Based on a test of the validity of the instrument of climate leadership, Organizational Behavior and discipline Work against Performance known to all items stated valid and reliability test results show that the instruments have a high reliability and meets the criteria of a good instrument requirements, i.e., valid and reliability.Free Leadership Behavior variables (X 1) effect significantly to performance (Y), Organizational Climate (X 2) a significant effect on performance, variable (Y) Discipline work (X 3) a significant effect on performance (Y). Hypothesis (H1) until the Union (H3) third.

scholarly journals Attitudes of employees about conflicts in the forestry sector

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
Zoran Poduška ◽  
Vlado Čokeša ◽  
Ivana Živanović
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Administrative State ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
The People ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
The Social ◽  
Latent Phase

The paper presents the research results on conflicts in the forestry sector. The theoretical framework of the research is based on the belief that conflicts are a universal phenomenon. The basic constituents of conflicts are elements and aspects. The elements of conflicts are the substance, processes and relations between participants, which affect the social, cultural, institutional and economic aspects. They also include the aspect of natural resources, which is a feature of the forestry sector. Such a theoretical framework gave grounds for the analysis of employees' opinions about the type and significance and the stage in which the observed conflicts were. The opinions of the people employed in enterprises and organizations benefiting from state forests, protected areas and administrative state bodies in the forestry sector were collected through a survey. The data collected were processed using descriptive statistics. A lot of conflicting situations were identified and they were classified into 10 groups. The most serious one is the conflict between regular measures and works in the forest of nature protection. Nine participants were identified in these conflicts. It was found that some conflicts had been resolved, while some were in the latent phase, with the possibility to escalate.

scholarly journals One small step for e-voting, one giant leap for democracy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Gorbatiuc
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Small Step ◽  
Law Enforcement Training ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Giant Leap ◽  
The Republic

E-voting is the next step of the Republic of Moldova evolution. The article presents advantages of e-voting, all steps of using it, and its many types. Electronic voting refers to elections using electronic means. E-voting can be managed by phones, the Internet, private computer networks or special kiosks. Reasons for accepting this kind of voting are provided. The analyzed in the article OSCE/ODIHR’s (Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights) activities which are related to tolerance and non-discrimination are focus on the following areas: legislation; law enforcement training; monitoring, reporting on, and following up on responses to hate-motivated crimes and incidents; as well as educational activities to promote tolerance, respect, and mutual understanding. Conclusions from all ODIHR activities which are carried out in close co-ordination and co-operation with OSCE participating States, OSCE institutions and field operations, as well as with other international organizations are given.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE VILLAGES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Kosanovic ◽  
◽  
Suncica Vjestica ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Educational Structure ◽  
Integrated Rural Development ◽  
Management Of Resources ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Folk Tradition ◽  
The Village

Despite the fact that we live in a country where the farmers' associations are created among the first on the Old Continent, and where one of the first Institute for Nature Protection is created, statistics warn us that the demise of several hundred Serbian villages and thus the emptying of strategically important areas of the state of Serbia today, is a serious development problem. In this paper an analysis of the rural, age and educational structure of the population, in rural areas of the Republic of Serbia, has been performed. The authors believe that the situation is not hopeless and point out that the sustainable development of the village is possible only if favorable local preconditions for it are met. Therefore, it is necessary to revive and institutionally expand the competencies of rural local communities as a form of local rural self-government in the Serbian folk tradition. Accordingly, decentralization and polycentric development are the main conditions for the renewal of the population and devastated parts of Serbia. Moreover, native networks and integrated rural development are models applicable through LAP in accordance with the characteristics of the area. Nowadays, it is necessary to raise people's awareness of the importance of rural survival and sustainable management of resources in agriculture, i.e. to breathe new life into rural areas, which would also be a motive for staying in the countryside.

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