scholarly journals Diatoms - nature materials with great potential for bioapplications

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djordje Medarevic ◽  
Dusan Losic ◽  
Svetlana Ibric
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Nanoporous Structure ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Diatom Frustule ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Made In

Diatoms are widespread unicellular photosynthetic algae that produce unique highly ordered siliceous cell wall, called frustule. Micro- to nanoporous structure with high surface area that can be easily modified, high mechanical resistance, unique optical features (light focusing and luminescence) and biocompatibility make diatom frustule as a suitable raw material for the development of devices such as bio- and gas sensors, microfluidic particle sorting devices, supercapacitors, batteries, solar cells, electroluminescent devices and drug delivery systems. Their wide availability in the form of fossil remains (diatomite or diatomaceous earth) as well as easy cultivation in the artificial conditions further supports use of diatoms in many different fields of application. This review focused on the recent achievements in the diatom bioapplications such as drug delivery, biomolecules immobilization, bio- and gas sensing, since great progress was made in this field over the last several years.

Bioaerogels: Synthesis Approaches, Biomedical Applications and Cell Uptake

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-56
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Cell Uptake ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Cellular Environment

Bioaerogels are a special class of aerogels, produced from natural polymers, are porous structures with promising physicochemical properties for various applications. This chapter focus on the latest bioaerogel findings, addressing the synthesis, impregnation of bioactive compounds, pharmacological applications and aspects of cell uptake, biodegradability and toxicity. Bioaerogels are biomaterials with interesting properties such as high surface area, high thermal and mechanical resistance, low density and dielectric constant. It has been reported that these biomaterials can be used for drug delivery and molecular scaffolding production. Furthermore, it has been shown that bioaerogels are biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic, and can be absorbed and degraded by the cellular environment. Finally, bioaerogels are promising, inexpensive, environmentally friendly and versatile materials and can be the basis for the manufacture of new technologies and biomaterials.

Functionalized Nano-graphene Oxide as Multi-modal Clinic for Effective Drug Delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3768-3771
Author(s):  
Soumitra Satapathi ◽  
Rutusmita Mishra ◽  
Manisha Chatterjee ◽  
Partha Roy ◽  
Somesh Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Graphene Derivatives ◽  
Nano Graphene

Nano-materials based drug delivery modalities to specific organs and tissues has become one of the critical endeavors in pharmaceutical research. Recently, two-dimensional graphene has elicited considerable research interest because of its potential application in drug delivery systems. Here we report, the drug delivery applications of PEGylated nano-graphene oxide (nGO-PEG), complexed with a multiphoton active and anti-cancerous diarylheptanoid drug curcumin. Specifically, graphene-derivatives were used as nanovectors for the delivery of the hydrophobic anticancer drug curcumin due to its high surface area and easy surface functionalization. nGO was synthesized by modified Hummer’s method and confirmed by XRD analysis. The formation of nGO, nGO-PEG and nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex were monitored through UV-vis, IR spectroscopy. MTT assay and AO/EB staining found that nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex afforded highly potent cancer cell killing in vitro with a human breast cancer cell line MCF7.

Lawsone Derived Zn (II) and Fe (III) Metal Organic Frameworks with pH Dependent Emission for Controlled Drug Delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirajunnisa P ◽  
Liz Hannah George ◽  
Narayanapillai Manoj ◽  
Prathapan S ◽  
G.S. Sailaja
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Porous Carriers ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Ph Dependent

Fluorescent biocompatible porous carriers have been investigated as suitable probes for drug delivery and sensing applications owing to their intrinsic fluorescence and high surface area originating from their porous structure...

scholarly journals Metal-Organic Framework-Based Engineered Materials—Fundamentals and Applications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Rasheed ◽  
Komal Rizwan ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Catalytic Chemistry

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a fascinating class of porous crystalline materials constructed by organic ligands and inorganic connectors. Owing to their noteworthy catalytic chemistry, and matching or compatible coordination with numerous materials, MOFs offer potential applications in diverse fields such as catalysis, proton conduction, gas storage, drug delivery, sensing, separation and other related biotechnological and biomedical applications. Moreover, their designable structural topologies, high surface area, ultrahigh porosity, and tunable functionalities all make them excellent materials of interests for nanoscale applications. Herein, an effort has been to summarize the current advancement of MOF-based materials (i.e., pristine MOFs, MOF derivatives, or MOF composites) for electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and biocatalysis. In the first part, we discussed the electrocatalytic behavior of various MOFs, such as oxidation and reduction candidates for different types of chemical reactions. The second section emphasizes on the photocatalytic performance of various MOFs as potential candidates for light-driven reactions, including photocatalytic degradation of various contaminants, CO2 reduction, and water splitting. Applications of MOFs-based porous materials in the biomedical sector, such as drug delivery, sensing and biosensing, antibacterial agents, and biomimetic systems for various biological species is discussed in the third part. Finally, the concluding points, challenges, and future prospects regarding MOFs or MOF-based materials for catalytic applications are also highlighted.

Recent trends in carbon nanotubes based prostate cancer therapy: A biomedical hybrid for diagnosis and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Murugesan ◽  
Sureshkumar Raman
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
High Level

: At present treatment methods for cancer are limited, partially due to the solubility, poor cellular distribution of drug molecules and, the incapability of drugs to annoy the cellular barriers. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) generally have excellent physio-chemical properties, which include high-level penetration into the cell membrane, high surface area and high capacity of drug loading by in circulating modification with bio-molecules, project them as an appropriate candidate to diagnose and deliver drugs to prostate cancer (PCa). Additionally, the chemically modified CNTs which have excellent 'Biosensing' properties therefore makes it easy for detecting PCa without fluorescent agent and thus targets the particular site of PCa and also, Drug delivery can accomplish a high efficacy, enhanced permeability with less toxic effects. While CNTs have been mainly engaged in cancer treatment, a few studies are focussed on the diagnosis and treatment of PCa. Here, we detailly reviewed the current progress of the CNTs based diagnosis and targeted drug delivery system for managing and curing PCa.

Fabrication of Hybrid Cell-Microbead Constructs Using Laser Direct-Write of Alginate Microbeads and Adherent Breast Cancer Cells

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Dias ◽  
David M. Kingsley ◽  
Douglas B. Chrisey ◽  
David T. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Hybrid Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Laser Direct Write

Microbeads are becoming popular tools in tissue engineering as 3D microstructure hydrogels. The gel nature of microbeads enables them to sequester soluble factors and mammalian cells, and their high surface area-to-volume ratio allows diffusion between the bead and the environment [1,2]. Microbeads are thus good systems for drug delivery and can serve as 3D microenvironments for cells. To fully maximize their potential as delivery systems and microenvironments, it is highly desirable to create spatially-precise hybrid cultures of microbeads and mammalian cells. Precise placement of microbeads in proximity to patterned cells will allow the study of spatial cellular interactions, paracrine signaling, and drug delivery.

Synthesis and Characterization of Supercapacitor Electrode from Fiber of Borassus flabelifer L by Activation Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 966 ◽  
pp. 444-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fandi Angga Prasetya ◽  
Ufafa Anggarini ◽  
Yudha Zakaria ◽  
Rosa Dwi Sasqia Putri
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Supercapacitor Electrode ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Constant Heating

Supercapacitor require electrode which has high surface area so that it able to store large amounts of charge. In this study, electrode was synthesized from carbon of Borassus Flabellifer L fiber which was carried out through activation and carbonization processes. Raw material was calcined at 400°C for 4 hours followed by activation with NaOH 1 M. The carbonization was then conducted in Nitrogen gas flowing by temperature variations; 650°C, 750°C, and 850°C with a constant heating rate of 20 °C/min. Based on XRD data, it was shown that the material has formed Reduced graphene Oxide (RGO) which has main peaks at (2θ) 240 and 440 with higher purity in higher temperature. SEM results clarified more pores formation at higher temperature which is mesoporous. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) test was done to determine the capacitance value. By RGO forming with high porosity, it is suitable for supercapacitor electrode application and CV test has examined that heating of Borassus Flabelifer L fiber at 850°C with 5 mV/s scan rate has the highest specific capacitance by 8.25 F/gram with Energy density is 4.125 watt/gram.

scholarly journals Effect of Microwave Heating Conditions on the Preparation of High Surface Area Activated Carbon from Waste Bamboo

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 667-674
Author(s):  
Jian Wu ◽  
Hongying Xia ◽  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Yi Xia ◽  
Jinhui Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Carbon Surface

Abstract The present study reports the effect of microwave power and microwave heating time on activated carbon adsorption ability. The waste bamboo was used to preparing high surface area activated carbon via microwave heating. The bamboo was carbonized for 2 h at 600°C to be used as the raw material. According to the results, microwave power and microwave heating time had a significant impact on the activating effect. The optimal KOH/C ratio of 4 was identified when microwave power and microwave heating time were 700 W and 15 min, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, surface area was estimated to be 3441 m2/g with pore volume of 2.093 ml/g and the significant proportion of activated carbon was microporous (62.3%). The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were illustrated that activated carbon surface had abundant functional groups. Additionally the pore structure is characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

scholarly journals Synthesis of activated carbon from biowaste of fir bark for methylene blue removal

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 190523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Luo ◽  
Xi Wu ◽  
Zeliang Li ◽  
Yalan Zhou ◽  
Tingting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Mb Adsorption

Activated carbon (AC) was successfully prepared from low-cost forestry fir bark (FB) waste using KOH activation method. Morphology and texture properties of ACFB were studied by scanning and high-resolution transmission electron microscopies (SEM and HRTEM), respectively. The resulting fir bark-based activated carbon (ACFB) demonstrated high surface area (1552 m 2 g −1 ) and pore volume (0.84 cm 3 g −1 ), both of which reflect excellent potential adsorption properties of ACFB towards methylene blue (MB). The effect of various factors, such as pH, initial concentration, adsorbent content as well as adsorption duration, was studied individually. Adsorption isotherms of MB were fitted using all three nonlinear models (Freundlich, Langmuir and Tempkin). The best fitting of MB adsorption results was obtained using Freundlich and Temkin. Experimental results showed that kinetics of MB adsorption by our ACFB adsorbent followed pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 330 mg g −1 , which indicated that FB is an excellent raw material for low-cost production of AC suitable for cationic dye removal.

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