scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS FORMULASI BIOHERBISIDA EKSTRAK BUAH LERAK DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ADJUVAN TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN GULMA Ludwigia octovalvis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Hidayat Pujisiswanto ◽  
Sunyoto Sunyoto ◽  
Nanik Sriyani ◽  
Melinda Tri Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

The abundance of weeds in cultivated land can directly inhibit competition of plants growth. Weed control using bioherbicides is one of eco-friendly alternative. This research aims to determine the bioherbicide formulation of lerak fruit extract with the addition of adjuvants which can inhibit the germination of Ludwigia octovalvis. The research was conducted at the Weed Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung in December 2019 - March 2020. The researcher used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications.  The research treatments consisted of lerak fruit extract + KAO adjuvant, lerak fruit extract + VCO, lerak fruit extract + Tween, pure lerak fruit extract, and control (aquades). The results showed that the application of 50% (500 g / l) lerak fruit extract with the addition of VCO, KAO, and Tween adjuvants at a concentration of 2% (20 ml/l) was able to inhibit weed germination Ludwigia octovalvis by 95%-100%. The application of lerak fruit extract with the addition of a 2% concentration of VCO adjuvant was the most effective in inhibiting weed germination Ludwigia octovalvis. Keywords : adjuvants, Bioherbicide, Sapindus rarak, Ludwigia octovalvis, weed

scholarly journals Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanolik Buah Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Candida albicans (ATCC 1805)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Ester Rampa
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control

The research had been conducted in the Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, the University of Cenderawasih during September–November 2012. The aims of the research were to understand the effect of green betel fruit extract inhibition against the C. albicans, as well as the effective concentration of extract to inhibit the growth of the fungus. Fruit samples were obtained from the Koya Koso village, Abepura District, Jayapura city, while the fungal isolates of C. albicans was obtained from the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Padjadjaran. The study was performed using a method of disk diffusion method with concentration of 10%, 5%, 2.5% and control, while indicator parameter were measured based on the presence of inhibition zone caused by inhibition treatment. The study was designed on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and the data were analyzed using analysis of variance at α= 0.5 and α= 0.1. The presences of significant differences of data were further analyzed using Least Significance Differences (LSD) analyses. The results showed that all green betel fruit extract concentrations effectively inhibited the growth of the fungus C. albicans and concentration of 10% revealed the best inhibition effect.Key words: Inhibitory effect, Piper betle L, fruit extract, fungus. 

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Population Density of Velvet Bean (MUCUNA COCHINCHINENSIS) for Weed Control at Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Velvet Bean ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control

Field trials were conducted in 2013 and 2014 raining season on a fallow field at the University of Agriculture Makurdi Teaching and Research Farm ((07 0 41’N, 08 0 37’E and 106.4 m above sea level) using Velvet bean (Mucuna cochinchinensis) to control weeds. Four Mucuna populations were used: 400 plants/ha, 800 plants/ha, 1600 plants/ha and 0.00 plants/ha (control). The experiment was set up in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Prominent weeds at the site were identified in the field in 2013. The four different Mucuna populations were screened for their effects on weed (density, composition), growth characteristics (ground cover, nodulation) and canopy duration. Out of the 4 Mucuna populations, 800 plants/ha had the highest effect on weed density, composition and control percentage, ground cover, canopy duration and nodulation. And 0.00 plants/ha had the lowest effect on weed density, weed composition, weed control percentage, ground cover, canopy duration and nodulation. From the results obtained from the study, it can be concluded that farmers in Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savanna can adopt the planting of Mucuna at 800 plants/ha for weed control.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Ekstrak Buah Lerak (Sapindus rarak) dan Beberapa Adjuvan terhadap Perkecambahan Gulma Fimbristylis miliacea

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Hidayat Pujisiswanto ◽  
Yayuk Nurmiaty ◽  
Nanik Sriyani ◽  
Annisa Efrima
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Polysorbate 80 ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bartlett Test ◽  
Homogeneity Of Variance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

Adjuvant is an ingredient added in a formulation to increase the effectiveness of lerak fruit in inhibiting weeds. This study aims to determine the type of adjuvant in lerak fruit extract that can increase the inhibition of germination of Fimbristylis miliacea and to determine the type of adjuvant in lerak fruit extract that is most effective in inhibiting the germination of F. miliacea. The research was conducted from December 2019 to March 2020 in the Weed Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to determine the type of adjuvant given to lerak fruit extract on F. miliacea germination with 4 replications. The treatments consisted of lerak fruit extract, lerak fruit extract + VCO adjuvant, lerak fruit extract + KAO adjuvant, lerak fruit extract + Polysorbate 80 adjuvant, and control. The Bartlett test was used to test the homogeneity of variance, if the assumptions of the analysis of variance were met, then the mean value of the treatment was continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. The results showed that adjuvants and without adjuvants added to lerak fruit extract at a concentration of 50% (500 g/l) were able to suppress the percentage of germination and the speed of germination of Fimbristylis miliace seeds.Keywords: adjuvants, lerak fruit extract, Fimbristylis miliacea, weed

scholarly journals Indaziflam: Leaching and control of Urochloa plantaginea in applications on coffee litter with different rainfall simulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Paulo Vinicius Da Silva ◽  
Mack José dos Santos ◽  
Sergio Mateus Tronquini ◽  
Ana Lígia Giraldeli ◽  
Roque Dias de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Control Effectiveness ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

Coffee litter and the rain that occurs after the application of pre-emergence herbicides impact on their leaching and weed control effectiveness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the leaching and control effectiveness of indaziflam, applied on coffee litter, and under simulations of different amounts of rainfall. Two experiments in greenhouse were conducted with the application of indaziflam (0.1 kg of active ingredient - a.i. - ha-1), in a completely randomized design. The first involved the leaching of the herbicide using Urochloa plantaginea as a bioindicator, in a 8 x 4 factorial arrangement, with eight depths in the PVC column (0-0.05; 0.05-0.1; 0.1-0.15; 0.15-0.2; 0.2-0.25; 0.25-0.3; 0.3-0.35; 0.35-0.4 m) and four amounts of straw (0; 1; 3 and 5 t ha-1), this factor was isolated for rainfall simulations (10, 20 and 40 mm). The second experiment tested the effectiveness in controlling U. plantaginea, in a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement, with four amounts of litter (0; 1; 3 and 5 t ha-1) and three amounts of rainfall (10, 20 and 40 mm). Both experiments had four repetitions and controls without application of the herbicide. In leaching, a greater effect of indaziflam was found at a depth of 0-0.05 m, and the higher the simulated rainfall, the greater the phytotoxicity observed in U. plantaginea, with 39.75%, 52.50% and 92.06%, for rainfall amounts of 10, 20 and 40 mm, respectively. U. plantaginea showed high susceptibility to control by the herbicide indaziflam, and the lowest control, 82%, was observed when indaziflam was applied on 5 t ha-1 with simulation of rainfall at 10 mm. The increase in the amount of litter on the soil surface, combined with lower amounts of rainfall can reduce the leaching of indaziflam and the control of U. plantaginea.

Weed Control in a Conservation Tillage Rotation in the Texas Blacklands

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Brown ◽  
James M. Chandler ◽  
John E. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
No Till ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
And Control

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate weed control systems in a conservation tillage rotation of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench.] – cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) – wheat (Triticum aestivumL.). Herbicide systems included fall and spring/summer inputs of high and low intensity. Tillage regimes were no-till (NT) and reduced-till (RT) systems; the latter included fall primary tillage followed by spring stale seedbed planting. Both tillage systems utilized controlled traffic lanes and wide, raised beds. Effective johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers. # SORHA] control required intense herbicide inputs at one or both application periods, i.e., in the fall and/or spring/summer. Grain sorghum and cotton yields for the most intense weed control system, which included high inputs in both the fall and spring/summer, were not superior to systems that included high inputs in only one of the two application periods. Seedling johnsongrass emergence occurred before spring planting in RT (but not in NT) in 2 of 3 yr, and control measures were ineffective. After 3 yr, the predominant weeds were johnsongrass and browntop panicum (Panicum fasciculatumSw. # PANFA).

Evaluation of weed control in acetyl coA carboxylase-resistant rice with mixtures of quizalofop and auxinic herbicides

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-505
Author(s):  
Tameka L. Sanders ◽  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
Benjamin H. Lawrence ◽  
Bobby R. Golden ◽  
Thomas W. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Herbicide Mixture ◽  
Sequential Treatments ◽  
And Control

AbstractRice with enhanced tolerance to herbicides that inhibit acetyl coA carboxylase (ACCase) allows POST application of quizalofop, an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide. Two concurrent field studies were conducted in 2017 and 2018 near Stoneville, MS, to evaluate control of grass (Grass Study) and broadleaf (Broadleaf Study) weeds with sequential applications of quizalofop alone and in mixtures with auxinic herbicides applied in the first or second application. Sequential treatments of quizalofop were applied at 119 g ai ha−1 alone and in mixtures with labeled rates of auxinic herbicides to rice at the two- to three-leaf (EPOST) or four-leaf to one-tiller (LPOST) growth stages. In the Grass Study, no differences in rice injury or control of volunteer rice (‘CL151’ and ‘Rex’) were detected 14 and 28 d after last application (DA-LPOST). Barnyardgrass control at 14 and 28 DA-LPOST with quizalofop applied alone or with auxinic herbicides EPOST was ≥93% for all auxinic herbicide treatments except penoxsulam plus triclopyr. Barnyardgrass control was ≥96% with quizalofop applied alone and with auxinic herbicides LPOST. In the Broadleaf Study, quizalofop plus florpyrauxifen-benzyl controlled more Palmer amaranth 14 DA-LPOST than other mixtures with auxinic herbicides, and control with this treatment was greater EPOST compared with LPOST. Hemp sesbania control 14 DA-LPOST was ≤90% with quizalofop plus quinclorac LPOST, orthosulfamuron plus quinclorac LPOST, and triclopyr EPOST or LPOST. All mixtures except quinclorac and orthosulfamuron plus quinclorac LPOST controlled ivyleaf morningglory ≥91% 14 DA-LPOST. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl or triclopyr were required for volunteer soybean control >63% 14 DA-LPOST. To optimize barnyardgrass control and rice yield, penoxsulam plus triclopyr and orthosulfamuron plus quinclorac should not be mixed with quizalofop. Quizalofop mixtures with auxinic herbicides are safe and effective for controlling barnyardgrass, volunteer rice, and broadleaf weeds in ACCase-resistant rice, and the choice of herbicide mixture could be adjusted based on weed spectrum in the treated field.

Effect of Ethephon and Packaging Practices On Ripening of Mango cv. Maldah

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
S Sapkota ◽  
D Kc ◽  
H Giri ◽  
M Saud ◽  
M Basnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Ethephon Treatment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Juice Content

The present research was conducted on two factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three replications. A set of experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of postharvest ethephon treatment and packaging on ripening of mango cv. Maldah. The treatments consisted of ripening agent i.e., ethephon and control treatment under different packaging condition i.e., fiber with hole, fiber without hole, plastic with hole and plastic without hole. The result revealed that different packaging condition and ripening agents influenced the ripening behavior of mango. The highest TSS (15.26), sugar-acid ratio (23.66) and juice content (126.05) were recorded with fiber (without hole) and the lowest TSS (12.60), sugar-acid ratio (9.01) and juice content (116.05) with plastic (without hole). The highest TA (1.44) was recorded with plastic (without hole) and the lowest (0.66) with fiber (without hole). Similarly, the highest BT (2.83) was recorded with fiber (with hole) and the lowest (1.66) with plastic (without hole). Firmness, sweetness, TSS and juice content were the highest with the interaction effect of fiber bag (without hole) and ethephon treatment. In conclusion, mango fruits with ethephon treatment packed in fiber bag (without hole) enhances quality and ripening of mango whereas under controlled condition and without hole plastic packaging mangoes had low quality performance in terms of physio-chemical properties. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 155-163 (2021)

PSXIV-14 Supplementation of high-grain diet with red osier dogwood affects in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 477-477
Author(s):  
Wenzhu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Rumen Acidosis ◽  
Barley Silage ◽  
And Control

Abstract Red osier dogwood (ROD) is a native shrub plant rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting barley silage with either raw ROD or ROD extract (RODE) in high-grain (HG) diet under a low media pH (5.8) on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in batch cultures. The study was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments: 1) control diet (10% barley silage and 90% barley concentrate, DM basis), control diet supplemented with 2) monensin (30 mg/kg diet DM; positive control), 3) substitution of 3% ROD or 4) 3% RODE for an equal portion of silage. Inoculum was obtained from 2 ruminally fistulated beef heifers offered the HG diet. Substrate ground (1 mm) was incubated for 24 h and the experiment repeated twice. The GP did not differ among treatments (147 ml/g DM), but the DMD differed (P < 0.02) at highest for control (69.4%), lowest for ROD (58.4%) and intermediate for other treatments (64.1%). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration (mM) tended (P< 0.08) to be lower with ROD (80.5) and monensin (80.1) than control (83.9). Acetate proportion was greater (P = 0.02) with ROD (46.2%) and RODE (46.9%) than control (42.4%) and monensin (42.3%). However, the propionate proportion was greater (P = 0.05) with monensin (32.1%) than other treatments (averaged 30.1%). Consequently, acetate to propionate ratio (A:P) of ROD (1.52) and RODE (1.56) was higher than monensin (1.32; P < 0.01) and control (1.44; P < 0.08). Differences in variables measured between ROD and RODE were minimal. These results indicated that the decreased DMD along with increased A:P with addition of ROD or RODE suggests that both ROD and RODE may be beneficial to HG fed cattle for reducing risk of rumen acidosis without negatively impacting fibre digestion.

The Effect of Trifluralin Applied Preplant on Grass Weed Control and Establishment and Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio A. Scursoni ◽  
Emilio H. Satorre
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
And Control ◽  
Crop Planting ◽  
Grass Weed

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effect of preplant applications of trifluralin on barley stand and yield, and control of grass weeds in field experiments during 1992 and 1993. Factors examined were: (1) crop planting patterns (conventional drill with rows 15 cm apart and deep-seeder drill with rows 25 cm apart), (2) herbicide application times (22 d before sowing and immediately before sowing), and (3) herbicide application. During 1993, hand-weeded plots also were established. Trifluralin applied preplant at 528 g ai/ha reduced weed density and biomass. Weed control was higher under conventional planting than under the deep planting pattern, and there was no effect of the time of application on herbicide efficacy. There was no herbicide injury to the crop, and grain yield was higher in treated than in untreated plots due to successful weed control.

scholarly journals Nutrition Education Among Low-Income Older Adults: A Randomized Intervention Trial in Congregate Nutrition Sites

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger E. Mitchell ◽  
Sarah L. Ash ◽  
Jacquelyn W. McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Randomized Intervention ◽  
And Control

Nutritional well-being among older adults is critical for maintaining health, increasing longevity, and decreasingthe impactofchronicillness. However, few well-controlledstudies have examinednutritionalbehav ior change among low-income older adults. A prospective, controlled, randomized design examined a fivesession nutrition education module delivered to limited-resource older adults ( N = 703) in Congregate Nutrition sites by Cooperative Extensionagents. Experimentalgroupparticipantswere significantly more likely than con trol groupparticipants to increase multivitamin use, to increase calcium supplementuse, to read labels of dietary supplements, to carry a supplement and/or medication list, and to discuss such use with their health care profes sional. The study addresses weaknesses in the literature by using a theoretically derived education component, implementing the intervention within a setting regularly used by low-income older adults, employing random ized assignment to intervention and control conditions, and using hierarchical linear modeling to deal with “nested” data.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document