scholarly journals Soviet Trade in the 1960s — 1980s: Basic Principles and Their Distortion

2021 ◽  
pp. 416-437
Author(s):  
A. S. Stoletova
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Practice ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Soviet Trade ◽  
The 1960S

The article reveals the problem of distortion of the socialist principles of Soviet trade in the economic practice of the state of the 1960s — 1980s, which is insufficiently illuminated in historical science, using the example of letters from Soviet citizens collected in the fund of the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History. Based on a review of a significant amount of archival sources, various kinds of deformations occurring in trade activities and their fixation in the public mind are demonstrated. It is emphasized that people’s ideas were the most important dimensions of social life, the economic dynamics of Soviet society and the social psychology of citizens. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of legislation as the main mechanism for regulating the development of the trade and economic area. It is argued that the lack of formation of the regulatory framework gave rise to such reality phenomena as deficit, overcharging, short weight and measurement of buyers, squandering, embezzlement, robbing and theft of property, black market turnover. The circumstances of the incorporation of the phenomenon of fellowship and nepotism into the stable custom of everyday life are commented. The author comes to the conclusion that class conflicts emerged in the socio-economic structure of Soviet society in the 1960s — 1980s, while the urgent facts of the system’s crisis were generated by the duality of the line of power.

scholarly journals Financial Situation of Soviet Citizens in the Mirror of Public Opinion of 1960-1980s (according to Letters to the Central Authorities and the Media)

2020 ◽  
pp. 402-422
Author(s):  
A. S. Stoletova
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right

Based on the archival sources first introduced into the scientific community, the article highlights the question of the material well-being of Soviet citizens in estimates of the mass consciousness of the 1960s and 1980s. Within the framework of the problems, the well-being of citizens, which are the drivers of the socio-economic development of the state, are considered. In addition, the mental side of the processes is affected. The question is raised of social stratification, the beginning of the formation of a new structure of society as the realities of the second half of the 20th century. It is noted that in the public environment, vigilant monitoring of the excessive enrichment of persons in leadership positions was conducted. Based on the analysis of the material database of the Russian State Archive of Recent History, the author concludes that the trend of the time was the increase in the number of illegal acquisitions in three areas: housing, motor transport, personal household plots. A problem related to modernization processes in the spiritual sphere of life in Soviet society is raised. It is shown that there were changes in the behavioral stereotypes of social classes in the development of the right to use socialist property in this area, in relation to things and the desire for a comfortable life in society. It is concluded that the global consequence of these phenomena is the affirmation of private property morality.

scholarly journals BOURGEOIS TENDENCIES IN THE SOCIAL LIFE AND MENTALITY OF THE SOVIET SOCIETY OF THE 1950S TO 80S.

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Mikhail А. Beznin ◽  
Tatyana M. Dimoni ◽  
Anna S. Stoletova
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Post War ◽  
State Library ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
High Level

The article raises the question of a signifi cant trend in the socio-economic development of post-war Soviet society. As a study of the formation of bourgeois trends, the authors note class restructuring, a change in the organisation of labour, the formation of entrepreneurial skills, including in the sectors of the «ghost» and «shadow» economies, and the desire for a high level of consumption. Among the mechanisms of the formation of bourgeois trends, a signifi cant role was played by the position of the state, which, on the one hand, made efforts to stimulate interest in material security (including through the promotion of advanced workers, the formation of a new consumer culture), and on the other hand, restrained the processes of material differentiation according to ideological concepts of social justice. The article was prepared on the basis of materials from the Russian State Archive of Recent History, the Russian State Archive of Economics: documents from the Communist Party bodies, reviews of law enforcement agencies, letters from citizens, as well as basing on study of the results of sociological surveys of the 1960s and the 1980s. (Some of those were recovered from the former special security service of the Russian State Library). The authors come to the conclusion that by the end of the Soviet period as a result of ongoing processes, ideological cliches about a socially homogeneous society had signifi cantly outlived their usefulness.

scholarly journals Female labor applying by the Maritime Ministry of the Russian Empire at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-373
Author(s):  
Irina V Sinova
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
The Public ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the issues related to the evolution of the use of women in the civil service at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries on the example of the Maritime Ministry on the basis of previously unpublished documents stored in the Russian state archive of the Navy and periodical press materials. The study of gender issues can be of scientific interest on the basis of its documents, as practically not in demand in research related to the women’s issue. As a result of the struggle of the public, there were some concessions on the part of the authorities related to the expansion of women’s access to fill certain positions in a number of areas that experienced a lack of certain qualifications, including public service, in the conditions of intensive bourgeois development. The article analyzes the legal acts regulating the work of women, especially in the public service. it is shown how the changes that took place in the Russian Empire influenced the transformation of the socio-economic situation of women in General, and, also, became a reflection of the social policy of the state. The article reveals the attitude of the heads of departments of the Ministry to the admission of women to the public service, as well as their opinion on the degree of necessity for the service itself in attracting women to it. The article deals with the arguments of men - heads of departments of the Ministry, related to the impact of women’s work on home life, on the family and on itself, which differed largely by philistine assessments, rather than progressive views. In fact, on the part of the authorities, concessions to women were more imaginary and forced than the result of an objective assessment of their equal opportunity to serve in the public system.

scholarly journals The Social Life of the “Forever Chemical”

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-163
Author(s):  
Daniel Renfrew ◽  
Thomas W. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Toxic Event ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

This article examines the social life of PFAS contamination (a class of several thousand synthetic per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) and maps the growing research in the social sciences on the unique conundrums and complex travels of the “forever chemical.” We explore social, political, and cultural dimensions of PFAS toxicity, especially how PFAS move from unseen sites into individual bodies and into the public eye in late industrial contexts; how toxicity is comprehended, experienced, and imagined; the factors shaping regulatory action and ignorance; and how PFAS have been the subject of competing forms of knowledge production. Lastly, we highlight how people mobilize collectively, or become demobilized, in response to PFAS pollution/ toxicity. We argue that PFAS exposure experiences, perceptions, and responses move dynamically through a “toxicity continuum” spanning invisibility, suffering, resignation, and refusal. We off er the concept of the “toxic event” as a way to make sense of the contexts and conditions by which otherwise invisible pollution/toxicity turns into public, mass-mediated, and political episodes. We ground our review in our ongoing multisited ethnographic research on the PFAS exposure experience.

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN DAN KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL

HUMANIKA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurtanio Agus Puwanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Foreign Intervention ◽  
Life Pattern ◽  
Limited Scale

Education is it doesn't matter always closely related with social life. That thing is in limited scale earned we to see as interaction of school with public around and education in society itself. In public laymen looks into someone based on it’s the social status, like level of it’s (the economics social, education even material properties owned).In public is recognized also social institution as an order applied at one particular certain public. Institution of Social is life pattern standard reference a public so that always adhered by group of the public. If some acquitted outside institution embraced a public hence people or the group will be assumed impinges institution which has been specified. Talks about institution of social don’t get out of development of culture happened in public.Cultural development hardly influenced by public patterned thinking formed by education obtained, experience of public individual or group of people, foreign intervention and change of internal area and external happened.

Chimpanzee Ethnography

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-144
Author(s):  
Nicolas Langlitz
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Great Apes ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Cultural Traits ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Jane Goodall

This chapter examines how chimpanzee ethnographer Christophe Boesch and his group studied the social transmission of cultural traits in the chimpanzee communities of Taï Forest, Côte d'Ivoire. This ethnographic account of primatological fieldwork in the mid-2010s measures the historical distance to the 1960s when Jane Goodall and others sought to take part in the social life of great apes. In contemporary Taï, by contrast, disengaged observations of habituated chimpanzees served to protect both Pan and Homo. Despite the researchers' efforts to keep human–animal relations as neutral as possible, different chimpanzee communities related to their observers differently. In the forest, chimpanzee ethnography could hardly be distinguished from other forms of fieldwork. Boesch's approach to writing wild cultures turned out to share an important feature with humanities scholarship: references to philosophical classics gave it an intensely polemic bent rarely found in the scientific literature.

Habitus and Field

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Leander
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social World ◽  
The Body ◽  
International Studies ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Heuristic Devices

The terms habitus and field are useful heuristic devices for thinking about power relations in international studies. Habitus refers to a person’s taken-for-granted, unreflected—hence largely habitual—way of thinking and acting. The habitus is a “structuring structure” shaping understandings, attitudes, behavior, and the body. It is formed through the accumulated experience of people in different fields. Using fields to study the social world is to acknowledge that social life is highly differentiated. A field can be exceedingly varied in scope and scale. A family, a village, a market, an organization, or a profession may be conceptualized as a field provided it develops its own organizing logic around a stake at stake. Each field is marked by its own taken-for-granted understanding of the world, implicit and explicit rules of behavior, and valuation of what confers power onto someone: that is, what counts as “capital.” The analysis of power through the habitus/field makes it possible to transcend the distinctions between the material and the “ideational” as well as between the individual and the structural. Moreover, working with habitus/field in international studies problematizes the role played by central organizing divides, such as the inside/outside and the public/private; and can uncover politics not primarily structured by these divides. Developing research drawing on habitus/field in international studies will be worthwhile for international studies scholars wishing to raise and answer questions about symbolic power/violence.

Promoting self-directed learning using a menu of assessment options: the investment model

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Rangachari
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Science

Undergraduate science students took an Inquiry course in their second (sophomore) year. The course was designed to explore the social life of scientific knowledge. They were given a set of eight assessment options: personal logs, targeted oral examinations, commentaries, mini-lectures, individual explorations, research proposals, book reviews, and problem-solving exercises. Each option had a specific maximum mark (percentage or grade point) associated with it. Students were permitted to select any set of options to obtain their total grade for the course. From the student’s perspective, the course provided a valuable learning experience and enabled them to recognize the complexities involved in the process of generating scientific information and making it useful and relevant to the public. The opportunity given to select their own assessment options enhanced their learning. For me, as the sole instructor managing 51 students, the experience was rewarding.

The role of Seminary in the Tambov Governorate social life (1867-1884s)

Neophilology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Theodosius (Vasnev)
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Education Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Seminary influence on the governorate social life development was an integral part of social processes in the period of 1867-1884, which formed the prototype of the modern education practice. Identification of the Seminary role in the Tambov Governorate social life of the 19th century is a research component of this study, which affects the knowledge of the spiritual and moral education of society current state. Manuscript drafting source was the archival data of Tambov eparchy clergy activities of the late 19th century, the periodical press data of the same period. We interpret the obtained sources in the logic of the general civilized approach to the study of Seminary as an institution of social life characterized by regional aspects. Studies of the role of Seminary in social life have shown the sequence of its formation and development, its further socialization in the social life of the governorate. Special importance is attached to the Tambov Seminary in the years of transformations. Spiritual and moral influence of the Seminary on contemporaries, its increasingly active participation in the public life of the city, the change of its moral appearance contributed to the increase in the authority (role) of the Seminary in the social life of the Tambov Governorate.

PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF YOUTH IN THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION “DYNAMO”: HISTORY AND MODERNITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Olga Vasilevna BESKROVNAYA ◽  
Sergey Viktorovich IVANNIKOV ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich NOVIKOV
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Public ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
Younger Generation

The activity of society “Dynamo” in historical and modern aspects in solving the problem of patriotic education of youth as one of the fundamental tasks of the modern Russian state is considered. It is shown that throughout the public organization “Dynamo” history through the active involvement of children to a healthy lifestyle forms the younger generation of an active life position, the desire for physical development, sports achievements for the glory of Russia. The essence of the organization society “Dynamo”, designed along with other tasks to strengthen the physical and spiritual health of Russian citizens of different age groups, using a variety of organizational forms and health-saving technologies is revealed. We show the aspect of coaching work with the younger generation, in which special attention is paid to the patriotic education of young people and teenagers seeking sports achievements. Within the modern structure of the society “Dynamo” the system and quality of sports training in its divisions are analyzed. Traditionally the results are checked in the course of numerous competitions. The importance of Spartakiads and competitions of “Dynamo” society in patriotic education of young people, which encourage the desire for health, strength, beauty, readiness to defend the sports honor of Russia in the athletes, is shown.

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