scholarly journals An investigation of partial meaning and non-equivalence in English translations of Ekegusii kinship terms

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 895-905
Author(s):  
Deborah Nyanchama Oyioka ◽  
Benson Oduor Ojwang ◽  
Dr. David Ogoti Ongarora
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Bantu Languages ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
English Translations

The main challenge that translators face is that of non-equivalence as the source language (SL) and the target language (TL) almost always have cultural and linguistic differences (organize words differently). Accordingly, one needs to be aware of the linguistic differences between the two cultures. A group uses a set of terms to name the people they are related to by blood, marriage or adoption which should be recognized by members of the speech community. This study explores kinship terms in Ekegusii, a language that has been coded as E42 in Guthrie's (1971) classification of Bantu languages and belongs to the interlacustrine zones, namely D and E. Both Ekegusii and English languages have their unique kinship term systems which pose translation problems with regard to equivalence. Unlike English nouns that denote family relations in a pretty straightforward way, Ekegusii™s way of addressing family members and relatives differs and to some degree it may be difficult to those who are not familiar with the Ekegusii culture. Consequently, this paper investigates the problem of non-equivalence at word level in translation between Ekegusii and English. The paper presents background knowledge and different approaches related to non-equivalence. Subsequently, conceptual kinship terminologies are contrasted to prove that there is a significant linguistic gap between Ekegusii and English. The paper then proposes a classification of non-equivalence at word level based on Mona Bakers point of view. Finally, the paper suggests effective strategies to deal with non-equivalence at word level in translation of Ekegusii kinship terms.

scholarly journals A Corpus-Based Study of the Linguistic Errors Committed by the Iranian EFL Learners in English Translation of MA Research Abstracts of Educational Management Based on Liao’s (2010) Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bahar Pourshahian
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Educational Management ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Free Translation ◽  
Classification Of Error ◽  
Saturation Method ◽  
Ma Thesis

Given the importance and the precision required in the translation of research abstracts, this descriptive quantitative research made an attempt to investigate the analysis of the type and frequency of the linguistic errors occurring in the English translations of 40 academic MA research abstracts in the field of educational management. To this end, 40 academic MA thesis abstracts in the field of educational management from 2009 to 2019 were gathered from Shiraz Azad University through the saturation method. Then, the errors were categorized based on the classification of error types adapted from Liao’s model (2010). The results of the study revealed that based on Liao’s categorization (2010), the frequencies of possible linguistic errors by educational management include grammatical mistake or ungrammatical syntax of target language (F = 190), excessive literal translation, which leads to ambiguous translation (F = 30), awkward expression, including ambiguous meaning, mismatch, redundant words, and unnecessary repetition, (F = 29), incorrect character, improper punctuation marks, or inconsistency in term translation (F = 26), excessive free translation, which differentiates the translation from the original text (F = 6), and inappropriate register (F = 6).

Academic materials titles at Qassim University: A study of differences in Arabic - English Translations across departments at Qassim University

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3795-3811
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alwuqayt Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
Continuous Evaluation ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Rapid Pace

Objectives: Given the rapid pace of globalization and the emergent geopolitical dynamics, communication has taken a new dimension. Translation is also one aspect of this. Today, world of translation has come a long way from the grammar-translation approach to machine-assisted translation and the human interface that lies somewhere between these two extremes. For Saudi Arabia, translation in academic and research fields is a relatively new entrant and, therefore, one that calls for continuous evaluation and examination in terms of quality and shortcomings. In institutions of higher education, outstanding academic and research titles and works are frequently being recommended for translation to English. However, the titles are a big casualty in this exercise as the same title(s) is/ are translated twice at College and Deanship levels, bringing about discrepancies of style, form, and content which cause ambiguity in the classification of the work. Working with forty such titles approved by the Qassim University, the study rates the translations and identifies the loopholes in the translations. Overall, it is concluded that the translations at the Deanships are almost perfect while those at the Colleges, being word for word translations, are erroneous, misleading, and poor in the target language. The study concludes with some pertinent recommendations.

scholarly journals WORD LEVEL EQUIVALENCE OF INDONESIAN–ENGLISH TRANSLATION ABBREVIATION IN THE JAKARTA POST

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartika Fitri Utami ◽  
Sumani Sumani
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Daily Newspaper ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Methodological Triangulation ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Loan Word ◽  
Data Source

<p>The objective of the study is to identify the words level equivalence are used by the translator in translating abbreviation found in <em>The Jakarta Post </em>based on the classification of word level equivalence. The researcher applies descriptive qualitative method in carrying out the research. The researcher uses documentation technique. In this study, the researcher uses data source and methodological triangulation. The researcher uses data reduction, data display, and conclusion to analyzing the data. It is in order to describe the fact in <em>The Jakarta Post </em>daily newspaper during February 2012. Some abbreviations were studied. After analyzing the strategies of Indonesian – English translation of abbreviation found in <em>The Jakarta Post</em>, some points can be drawn as follows: (1) translation  by more  general  word  (super ordinate) (because of the  hierarchical  structure of semantic  fields  is  not  language  specific),  (2)  translation  by  more  neutral/less  expressive  word (because the target language has no direct equivalent word), (3) translation using loan or loan word plus explanation (culture specific items, modern concepts and buzz words), (4) translation by paraphrase using related words (when the concept expressed by the source item is lexicalized in the target language but in different form), (5) translation by omission (if the meaning conveyed by certain item or expression is not vital enough), (6) translation by more specific word(subordinate) the target language lacks a super ordinate), and (7) accurate translation (the closest equivalent).</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals CHANGES OF VIEWPOINTS IN INDONESIAN-ENGLISH TRANSLATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Susini Made ◽  
Sujaya Nyoman
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Cultural Bridge

This study concerns with translation which involves languages that have different linguistic and cultural systems. When a source and target language do not have the same system of language and culture, to some extent, equivalence cannot be directly achieved. By deploying Vinay & Darbelnet’s Modulation (1995) and House’s translation equivalence (2015), this study is to reveal the changes of point of view the translators did in translating texts from Indonesian into English. The data sources of this present study include Indonesian novels and short stories loaded with culture and their English translations. The analysis revealed that to create adequate target texts, the translators changed their points of view through some conditions. The changes include: a) negation of opposite; b) part for the whole; c) abstract for concrete; d) cause for effect; e) active for passive; f) space for time; g) change of symbols; and h) intervals and limits. Changing point of view becomes cultural bridge in the translation which involves languages with different culture.

scholarly journals Semantic Loss in Two English Translations of Surah Ya-Sin by Two Translators (Abdullah Yusuf Ali and Arthur John Arberry)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
Sehrish Islam
Keyword(s):  
Complete Loss ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Reference Book ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Word Level ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Pragmatic Equivalence ◽  
Interpretative Framework

The aim of the present study is to examine the semantic Loss and its causes in two English translations of Surah Ya-Sin by two translators: Abdullah Yusuf Ali and Arthur John Arberry. Semantic loss focuses on over-translation, under-translation or mistranslation of a source text and can result in partial or complete loss of meaning in the target text. Semantic loss is inevitable while translating from a source language due to the lack of equivalence of some cultural words in the target language. Baker’s typology of equivalence (1992) was adopted to identify causes of losses in the two English translations: Equivalence at word level, above word level, Textual, Grammatical and Pragmatic Equivalence. This research is qualitative in nature and is based on Hermeneutics, an interpretative framework of translation studies. The English translations of Surah Ya-Sin were selected from Abdullah Yusuf Ali’s work “The Holy Qur’an: Text and Translation” (1938) and Arthur John Arberry’s “The Koran Interpreted” (1968). Two language experts were consulted for the present study to understand the meanings of the source text. Moreover Tafsir by Ibn Khathir (2000) was used as a reference book. The analysis of the data revealed frequent partial loss of meaning in Abdullah Yusuf Ali’s translation and complete loss of meaning in Arthur John Arberry’s translation. Linguistic deviation from the source text was identified as one of the major causes of such losses.

RHYNCHOLITES AND THE PROBLEM OF NARROW AND BROAD CONCEPTION OF TAXONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Khuzina ◽  
V. N. Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Artificial System ◽  
Broad Understanding

The paper considers a point of view, based on the conception of the broad understanding of taxons. According to this point of view, rhyncholites of the subgenus Dentatobeccus and Microbeccus are accepted to be synonymous with the genus Rhynchoteuthis, and subgenus Romanovichella is considered to be synonymous with the genus Palaeoteuthis. The criteria, exercising influence on the different approaches to the classification of rhyncholites, have been analyzed (such as age and individual variability, sexual dimorphism, pathological and teratological features, degree of disintegration of material), underestimation of which can lead to inaccuracy. Divestment of the subgenuses Dentatobeccus, Microbeccus and Romanovichella, possessing very bright morphological characteristics, to have an independent status and denomination to their synonyms, has been noted to be unjustified. An artificial system (any suggested variant) with all its minuses is a single probable system for rhyncholites. The main criteria, minimizing its negative sides and proving the separation of the new taxon, is an available mass-scale material. The narrow understanding of the genus, used in sensible limits, has been underlined to simplify the problem of the passing the view about the genus to the other investigators and recognition of rhyncholites for the practical tasks.

LEGAL, MORAL AND ETHICAL SIDE OF THE OFFENSE, DISCREDITING HONOR EMPLOYEE THE PENAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
OKSANA KOCHKINA ◽  
◽  
OLGA MARCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Executive System ◽  
Correction System

The article examines the legal and moral and ethical aspects of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system. The considered reason for dismissal has the main feature associated with the integration of legal and moral norms, which often raises a lot of questions about the attribution of a particular offense to this basis. Using the analysis of normative legal acts, the authors attempt to identify the signs that contribute to the separation of the studied grounds for dismissal from all their diversity. The classification of offenses that discredit the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system is presented, which allows to systematize and organize the knowledge obtained about the considered grounds for dismissal. The analysis of a misdemeanor that defames the honor of an employee of the penal system from a moral and ethical position gives an understanding, first of all, that it does not have a clear regulation from the point of view of the law, but the consequences of committing such a misdemeanor are clearly legal. The concepts of “honor” and “dignity” are considered as ethical categories and are analyzed as personal qualities that are manifested in an employee of the penal correction system during the period of service. These categories in the behavior of a person or employee are manifested both externally (assessment from the outside) and internally (self-assessment). The article describes the value orientation of an employee of the criminal Executive system to ethical standards in professional activity, which is an integral part of the moral and ethical side of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee.

REFLECTION OF THE CURRENT STATE OF PUBLICISTIC JOURNALISM GENRES IN THE SLOVAK MEDIA ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Kvetanová
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Logical Analysis ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Journalistic Practice ◽  
Opinion Journalism

The submitted study addresses the topic of the current state of the opinion journalism and its genres in the Slovak periodical press. The author draws attention to the question of classification of the opinion journalism of a rational and emotional type from the genre categorization point of view and, simultaneously, reflects on its application in the present journalistic practice. This brings a certain rate of confrontation between the defined theoretical premises and their subsequent practical (non-)implementation. The main objective of the study is to clarify the presence of genres of analytical and literary opinion journalism stated by media theory in the environment of the Slovak periodicals. Presentation of the basic terminological axis and the related explication of journalism genres included in the opinion journalism constitute the secondary objectives of the paper. For the purposes of achieving the set objectives, the author uses methods of logical analysis of text in combination with discourse analysis. Similarly, she predicts the evident presence of the phenomenon of hybridization in the Slovak journalistic practice.

Reductionism and holism in the philosophy of medicine

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
E. Zakablukovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Medicine ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
New Classification

The article highlights certain aspects of the discussion on the topic of reductionism vs. holism in the philosophy of medicine. Classic radical reductionism is defeated by the concept of emergence. The s.c. bio-medical point of view on a malady, despite its relevance and clear benefit, is not recognized as universal as its adherents may claim, and it yields to an integral psycho-bio-social model. The author introduces a new classification of holism (vitalistic, social and individualistic) and makes appropriate recommendations to clinicians. It is social holism at the macro level that has proven effective in combating the spread of COVID-19.

To the Question of the Classification Patterns of Social Stratification in the Countries of the World (Brief Overview of Some Concepts and Author’s Comment)

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
S. N. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The World

The author considers the problems of typification of society. Some concepts of typification of social stratification models in different countries formulated and justified in historical and legal, historical, sociological, and economic scientific literature are reviewed. The circumstances that make it difficult to formulate universal concepts designed for application in the complex of social Sciences are identified. These circumstances include insufficient consideration of legal factors, including the position of the legislator, the specifics of the corporate legal status, and the characteristics of the mechanism for changing individual legal status. The author offers a variant of classification of society types from the point of view of legal registration of their structure. The possibility of distinguishing types such as consolidated companies and segmented companies is justified.

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