Attribution of Feminine and Masculine Traits to Opposite-Sex Dyads

1984 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn L. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
Female Stimulus ◽  
Male Stimulus ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Descriptions of achieving female and male dyads in different relationships were presented to subjects and rated using masculine and feminine stereotypic traits. The relationship between the dyads varied in level of involvement—no relationship between them, acquainted, dating and married. Both the male and female stimulus-persons were rated more masculine when they were successful than when they were unsuccessful. Attributions of masculine traits to the “out-of-role,” achieving, female stimulus-person were made on the basis of internal factors, whereas attributions to the “in-role” achieving, male stimulus-person were made on the basis of both internal and external factors. In ratings made by men, the woman's achievement level affected the man's masculinity and self-esteem when the couple was dating—they attributed lower masculinity and lower self-esteem to the male stimulus-person when the woman was a success than when she was a failure. A nonstereotypic description of the couple, in which the woman was first and the man second, increased the masculinity and decreased the femininity attributed to both of them.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PERILAKU KONSUMTIF DENGAN HARGA DIRI PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI SMA NEGERI 10 YOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Wahyu Rochdiat M
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
P Value ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Consumptive Behavior ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Bivariate Test

Background: Consumptive behavior in girl teenagers is affected by internal and external factors. One of the internal factors that affect teenagers to behave consumptively is self-esteem. Objective: To analyze the relationship of consumptive behavior with self esteem of girl teenagers in SMA Negeri 10 Yogyakarta. Methods: This research used quantitative research method, with the subject of research as many 91 students of class X SMA Negeri 10 Yogyakarta selected with purposive sampling from 118 students. Result: The result of this research shows that the majority of respondents are consumptive behavior in the medium category as much as 54 respondents (59.3%) and self-esteem in high category as much 65 respondent (71.4%). Bivariate test using Kendall-Tau found that coefficient value (r) = 0.637 and p-value = 0.00 (p <0.05).Conclusion: This research shows a positive and significant correlation between consumptive behavior with self esteem in students of class X SMA Negeri 10 Yogyakarta.

Inferential Sets and Person Perception: A Partial Replication and Extension

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Mc Call ◽  
Gordon Rae
Keyword(s):  
Person Perception ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Partial Replication ◽  
Female Stimulus ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Male Stimulus ◽  
Adjective Pair ◽  
Two Independent Variables

203 female Ss read a short case-study and a group of related questions. They were then required to complete a 12 adjective-pair semantic differential indicating their dispositional judgments of the stimulus person in the narrative. Two independent variables were manipulated, the sex of the stimulus person and the group of questions asked. One group of questions was intended to induce a situation-matching set and the other a causal-genetic set. Ss in the situation-matching group rated the male stimulus person more hard ( p < .05), more bold ( p < .01), and less emotional ( p < .05) than Ss in the causal-genetic group. In the case of the female stimulus person Ss in the situation-matching group perceived her as more bold ( p < .05). Differences due to sex alone were found only for the situation-matching groups who perceived the female stimulus person as less hard ( p < .05) and less rugged ( p < .01) than the male.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA STAI MUHAMMADIYAH TULUNGAGUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mendah Nur Kumala ◽  
Mei Santi ◽  
Hasan Sultoni
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Environment Education ◽  
Internal And External Factors

One alternative to reduce the unemployment rate in Indonesia is to foster entrepreneurship in college students because this is expected to be an educated young entrepreneur who is able to start his own business, and be able to open up jobs for others. The formulation of the problem include: what are internal factors (income, self-esteem, motivation) and whether external factors (family environment, surrounding environment, education, and opportunities) influence the interest in entrepreneurship of STAI Muhammadiyah Tulungagung students ?. This study aims to determine internal factors (income, self-esteem, motivation) and external factors (family environment, surrounding environment, education, and opportunities) affect the entrepreneurial interest of STAI Muhammadiyah Tulungagung students. The approach used is a quantitative approach to the type of associative research. The population and sample in this study were students of STAI Muhammadiyah Tulungagung which consisted of 50 students who had taken Entrepreneurship courses and students who had been entrepreneurs. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique. The data source is primary data. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires. The measurement uses a Likert scale. The next stage, the results of the questionnaire were analyzed with multiple linear regression which serves to prove the research hypothesis. The data that has met the validity test, reliability test, and the classic assumption test are processed to produce a regression equation. Based on the results of the study showed that internal and external factors partially had a positive and significant effect on the entrepreneurial interest of STAI Muhammadiyah Tulungagung students. With an adjusted R2 value of 0.407 so the magnitude of the influence of internal and external factors on entrepreneurial interest is 40.7% while the remaining 59.3% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.Keywords: Factors, Interests, Entrepreneurship, STAI Muhammadiyah Tulungagung

Participation of Women Farmers Group Members on Pekarangan Pangan Lestari (P2L) Program In Kendari City Southeast Sulawesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Fitri Arianti ◽  
Sitti Aida Adha Taridala ◽  
Fahria Nadiryati Sadimantara
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Group Members ◽  
June July ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to determine the participation rate of Women Farmers Group members in implementing the Pekarangan Pangan Lestari program in Kendari City and analyze the relationship between the participation rate with internal and external factors of Women Farmers Group members in the Pekarangan Pangan Lestari program. The research was conducted in June-July 2021. The population in this study was 53 members of the Women Farmers Group. Using the census method, 53 group members were obtained as research samples. The variables of this research are the participation rate, internal factors, and external factors. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis through the Likert scale measuring tools and Spearman Rank correlation. The results showed that the participation rate of Women Farmers Group members in implementing the Pekarangan Pangan Lestari program was the Seruni Women Farmers Group was in the medium category, and the Mekopoaso Women Farmers Group was in the high sort. The relation between the participation rate with internal and external factors of the Women Farmers Group members in the Pekarangan Pangan Lestari is the participation rate obtained which is significantly related to internal factors, namely the level of education and type of work, and external factors, namely the availability of agricultural tools and facilities.

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence and Prosocial Behavior in College Students: A Moderated Mediation Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiying Wang ◽  
Shuang Wu ◽  
Weichen Wang ◽  
Chao Wei
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Social Support Scale ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and prosocial behavior (PSB) and constructed a model for their interaction by examining the mediating effect of social support (SS) and the moderating effect of self-esteem (SE) in this relationship. A total of 742 college students aged from 18 to 20 in Northeast China (Mage =19.42 ± 0.53 years) completed a survey measuring the Emotional Intelligence Scale, Prosocial Tendencies Measurement Scale—Chinese Version, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Self-Esteem Scale. The results showed that: (1) EI positively predicted PSB; (2) SS partially mediated the relationship between EI and PSB; and (3) SE moderated the direct effect of EI on PSB and the relationship between SS and PSB. That is, when the SE of college students was higher, the effect of SS in promoting PSB was enhanced. Therefore, our results suggested that under the influence of both internal and external factors, there is an indirect effect of EI on PSB. This finding may potentially provide a theoretical basis for designing college students' mental health courses and cultivating PSB in college.

scholarly journals Identifying the relationship between self-esteem and satisfaction in a couple

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 436-455
Author(s):  
Mariana Floricica Calin ◽  
Mihaela Luminita Sandu ◽  
Anca Sabina Miu
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Emotional Tension ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
The Relationship

The need to see ourselves as good or adequate represents our need to experience increased self-esteem. As we develop as children, we become more and more aware of the power of our choices, but also of the responsibility generated by the choices we make. On our education, it is also one of the sources of self-esteem creation through the experience of being treated with respect by parents and other family members. As far as our own actions are concerned, one of the origins of creating personal self-esteem is the s28atisfaction we feel with our own choices considered moral, which are a particular aspect of satisfaction with our mental processes. The second pillar, the conception of oneself, is based on the opinion we have of ourselves, representing an assessment of our qualities and defects, founded or not. And the conception of oneself, as well as self-love, is formed in our family environment, the conception of oneself being mainly due to the projects that parents make for us.To be aware of the reasons for attraction to a person of the opposite sex can lead to the permanence of the valuing attitudes invested in the person of the opposite sex, which fuels new needs for knowledge and communication, or to the reduction of emotional tension by decreasing the need for the other. When physical and mental attraction increases with the knowledge of the other, with the proximity and physical and mental intimacy, this leads to the stabilization of the relationship and the desire to resume and intensify it. Mutual satisfaction becomes a condition for both maintenance and improvement of the attraction between the two partners, which is created by symmetry and reciprocity

Partisipasi Masyarakat dan Keberhasilan Pengembangan "Kampoeng Wisata Cinangneng" Desa Cihideung Udik, Kecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Destiyana Sundari ◽  
Ratri Virianita
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Education Level ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTThe success in developing "Kampoeng Wisata Cinangneng (KWC)" can be seen from how the community participated in it. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of community participation in developing “KWC”, analyze internal and external factors related to the level of community participation, analyze the success of “KWC”, and analyze the relationship between the level of community participation and the success of “KWC” development. This research was conducted in "Kampoeng Wisata Cinangneng", Cihideung Udik Village, Ciampea District, Bogor Regency. Respondents in this study were 50 people from Cihideung Udik Village who participated in the Development of “KWC”. The study showed that age (rs -0,288 ; p<0,05) and education level (rs 0,364 ; p<0,05) as internal factors are correlated to comunity participation stage (rs -0,160 ; p>0,005). Allso, correlation showed that external factors and the level of community participation (rs 0.562 ; p<0.05), such as the influence of driving actors (rs 0.508 ; p<0.05) and supporting facilities (rs 0.453 ; p<0.05). But, there is no correlation between the level of community participation and the success rate of developing "KWC" (rs 0.164 ; p>0.05). Although, there is correlation between of benefits of community participation stage and the success rate of developing “KWC” (rs 480 ; p<0.05). Keywords: society participation, the success of developing a “Kampoeng Wisata Cinangneng”. ABSTRAK                     Keberhasilan dalam mengembangkan “Kampoeng Wisata Cinangneng (KWC)” dapat dilihat dari seberapa berperannya masyarakat ikut berpartisipasi di dalamnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam mengembangkan “KWC”, menganalisis faktor internal dan eksternal yang berhubungan dengan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat, menganalisis keberhasilan “KWC”, dan menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dan tingkat keberhasilan pengembangan “KWC”. Penelitian ini dilakukan di “Kampoeng Wisata Cinangneng” Desa Cihideung Udik, Kecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor. Responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 50 orang masyarakat Desa Cihideung Udik yang berpartisipasi dalam Pengembangan “KWC”. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa umur (rs -0.288 ; p<0,05) dan tingkat pendidikan (rs 0,364 ; p<0,05) sebagai faktor internal berhubungan dengan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat (rs -0,160 ; p>0,005). Demikian juga, terdapat hubungan antara faktor eksternal dan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat (rs 0,562 ; p<0,05), seperti pengaruh aktor penggerak (rs 0,508 ; p<0,05) dan fasilitas pendukung (rs 0,453 ; p<0,05). Tetapi, tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dan tingkat keberhasilan pengembangan "KWC" (rs 0,164 ; p>0,05). Meskipun, terdapat hubungan antara tahap menikmati hasil partisipasi masyarakat dan tingkat keberhasilan pengembangan "KWC" (rs 480 ; p<0,05). Kata kunci: keberhasilan pengembangan “Kampoeng Wisata Cinangneng”, partisipasi masyarakat

scholarly journals THE FEATURES OT THE INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ATTITUDE TO THE OWN BODY AND SELF-ATTITUDE OF DIFFERENT AGED WOMEN

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the problem of the relationship between the attitude to the own body and self-attitude of different aged women. Self-attitude is a phenomenon that reflects a general positive or negative attitude to own personality. Many scientists such as Z. Freud, A. Adler, O.O. Skugarevsky, S.V. Sivukha emphasized the importance of the body in forming a person's mental characteristics. Attitude to the own body is formed in the process of socialization through social institutions, art, science, everyday experience. In this research there was studied the relationship between the attitude to the own body and self-attitude of different aged women. Sample included women of two age groups: 20-40, 41-60. It was found out that dissatisfaction with own body in both groups was not expressed. We revealed that self-esteem of functional (endurance, strength, flexibility, speed, agility), anatomical (face, figure, legs, hands) and social (clothing, accessories, and cosmetics) characteristics of their bodies are on the high levels in both groups. Women between 41 and 60 have more interconnections between attitude to their bodies and different aspects of self-attitude (self-esteem, self-accusation, self-sympathy, etc.) in comparison with women of 20-40 ages. Middle-aged women tend to have higher self-acceptance and self-esteem than the younger group. From an evolutionary perspective, women are interested in being attractive to men. It increases their chances of getting a healthy partner who will provide them with the resources they need to raise their children. Studies show that men unconsciously pay attention to body proportions, skin quality and other health indicators. In our opinion, social characteristics have evolutionary importance. Social characteristics correlate with the expected attitudes of others in group of middle-aged women. Artificial appearance enhancement is aimed at attracting men and scaring away potential rivals. Perhaps women initially attract the opposite sex due to anatomical features, and when their body starts to change, they pay more attention to social ones.

scholarly journals RESPON KELOMPOK TANI TERHADAP PERAN PPL / PENYULUH PERTANIAN LAPANGAN DI KECAMATAN KALIDAWIR, KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Abdul Rochman
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
High Category ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRAKSI Perkembangan dibidang teknologi pertanian pada saat ini telah memberikan banyak kontribusi dibidang pertanian. Namun ternyata belum banyak dinikmati oleh para petani. Ini karena ada beberapa kendala diantarnya rendahnya pengetahuan para petani dan keterbatasan dibidang sumber daya seperti modal, tanah dan lain-lain. Respon kelompok tani terhadap peran PPL tentu mampu menciptakan terjadinya hubungan yang serasi yang bersifat interpersonal antara kelompok tani dan PPL. Ada faktor-faktor intern dan ekstern yang berpengaruh pada respon kelompok tani terhadap PPL. Faktor intern meliputi sifat stereotip, kearifan terkait menyunting stimulus, konsep tentang diri, kebutuhan dan harapan, emosi tentang diri dan pengalaman di masa lalu. Faktor ekstern antara lain : intensitas kunjungan, frekuensi kunjungan dan ukuran maupun pengulangan kunjungan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa faktor intern ataupun faktor ekstern tidak mempunyai hubungan dengan respon petani, namun hubungannya sangat kuat dengan peran PPL dan hasil analisa terdapat hubungan respon para petani terhadap peran PPL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PPL sebagai pembimbing mempunyai kategori tinggi dengan skor 71,3%, PPL sebagai organisator mempunyai kategori sedang dengan skor 60,7%, PPL sebagai dinamisator mempunyai kategori tinggi dengan skor 81,3% dan PPL sebagai teknisi mempunyai kategori sedang dengan sekor 62,3%. Adapun saran dari penelitian ini meliputi : perlunya suasana yang kondusif antara para kelompok petani dengan PPL. Kata kunci : Peran PPL, respon petani, faktor intern dan ekstern petani   ABSTRACT Developments in the field of agricultural technology at this time have contributed a lot in the field of agriculture. However, it has not been widely enjoyed by farmers. This is because there are several obstacles including the low knowledge of farmers and limitations in the field of resources such as capital, land and others. The response of farmer groups to the role of PPL is certainly able to create a harmonious interpersonal relationship between farmer groups and PPL. There are internal and external factors that influence the response of farmer groups to PPL. Internal factors include the nature of stereotypes, wisdom related to editing the stimulus, self-concept, needs and expectations, emotions about oneself and past experiences. External factors include: intensity of visits, frequency of visits and the size and repetition of visits. From the results of the study, it can be seen that internal factors or external factors do not have a relationship with the response of farmers, but the relationship is very strong with the role of PPL and the results of the analysis show that there is a relationship between the responses of farmers to the role of PPL. The results showed that PPL as a supervisor had a high category with a score of 71.3%, PPL as an organizer had a medium category with a score of 60.7%, PPL as a dynamist had a high category with a score of 81.3% and PPL as a technician had a medium category with score 62.3%. The suggestions from this research include: the need for a conducive atmosphere between farmer groups and PPL. Keywords: PPL role, farmer response, internal and external factors of farmers

scholarly journals Database Agile Management Dependent on MIS Infrastructure

10.28945/2427 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Business World ◽  
Core Property ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Today agility of management cannot be realized unless given all of the following three kinds of quickness: a) quick recognition of environmental changes, b) quick decision-making on countermeasures against these changes, and c) quick implementation of the countermeasures chosen. In the business world nowadays the quickness of a) concerns information that an MIS deals with, the quickness of b) concerns use of an MIS for decision-making, and the quickness of c) concerns change of an MIS itself. With a focus on c) and assuming that flexibility is a core property that an MIS should acquire to realize agile management, our study aims to clarify how MIS flexibility should be enhanced. With this aim in mind, we will survey the sources and types of change demands on an MIS and consider in a structured way the characteristics that an MIS should have, such that they will conduce to its flexibility in dealing with these change demands. Having laid the groundwork mentioned so far, we will discuss practical methods to enhance MIS flexibility, and end by presenting our evaluation procedure for MIS flexibility. In this paper, we have focused on and presented the following: the causes of change demands on an MIS, the internal and ex external factors that an MIS should maintain to cope with change demands, and the procedure for evaluation of MIS flexibility via analysis of the relationship between the internal and external factors. Specifically, we have elucidated the following: • MIS flexibility is an index of the ability of an MIS to absorb future change demands on it. • MIS flexibility can be evaluated quantitatively in terms of the substitute index of POC (penalty of change). • MIS flexibility consists of internal and external factors. Evaluation of external factors focuses on the volume of change demands an MIS can absorb, and evaluation of internal factors focuses on the variety of strategies to evade change risks. We have treated POC as a common index to evaluate the two categories of MIS flexibility factors. • External factors of MIS flexibility are constrained by internal factors. • Renovation of MIS infrastructure means application of information technology for evasion of change risks accompanying MIS implementation. • Proper renovation of MIS infrastructure will enhance the internal characteristics of MIS flexibility. The challenges confronting us ahead are the detailed and practical studies on the following: • quantitative relationship between each internal and external factor, • behavior of cost and utility of MIS use and MIS infrastructure on the time axis.

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