Analisa Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Penggunaan Disinfektan Terhadap Sikap Pencegahan Penyebaran COVID-19

Masyarakat merupakan salah satu elemen penting yang memiliki peran sebagai agen perubahan. Hadirnya masyarakat dalam bidang pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 ini maka diharapkan dapat memiliki tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap pencegahan yang baik di suatu wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengetahuan masyarakat tentang penggunaan disinfektan terhadap sikap pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 di Dusun 05 Tanjung Asri Braja Emas Way Jepara Lampung Timur. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif, dengan desain penelitian cross sectional, pendekatan deskriptif analitik. Populasi sebanyak 87 responden. Instrumen menggunakan kuisioner dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Somers’D. Hasil ditunjukan pengetahuan responden tentang penggunaan disinfektan sebagian besar dalam kategori cukup. Sikap pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 sebagian besar dalam kategori negatif. Hasil uji bivariat dengan p value 0,010 yang artinya ada hubungan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat tentang penggunaan disinfektan terhadap sikap pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 didusun 05 Tanjung Asri Braja Emas Way Jepara Lampung Timur. Kata kunci: pengetahuan;,sikap; desinfektan; pencegahan penyebaran covid-19The Relationship Between Community’s Knowledge Levels About The Use Of Disinfectants And Attitudes Towards Covid-19 Spread PreventionAbstractSociety is one important element that has a role as an agent of change. The presence of the community in the field of preventing the spread of COVID-19 is expected to have a good level of knowledge and prevention attitudes in an area. This study was aimed to analyze public knowledge about the use of disinfectants to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in Dusun 05 Tanjung Asri Braja Emas Way Jepara, East Lampung. The method used was quantitative, with a cross sectional research design, analytical descriptive approach. The population was 87 respondents. The instrument used a questionnaire and analyzed using the Somers'D test. The results show that the respondents' knowledge of the use of disinfectants is mostly in the sufficient category. Attitudes to prevent the spread of COVID-19 are mostly in the negative category. The results of the bivariate test with a p value of 0.010 which means that there is a relationship between the level of public knowledge about the use of disinfectants to the attitude of preventing the spread of COVID-19 in the 05 Tanjung Asri Braja Emas Village, Way Jepara, East Lampung. Keywords: knowledge; attitude; disinfectant; prevention of the spread of covid-19

Faktor Personal dan Sikap Teman mengenai Tindakan Pencegahan Dampak Penularan HIV/AIDS dengan Stigma Mahasiswa Terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA)

The prevention program of the impact of HIV / AIDS is a form of handling the existence of the stigma and discrimination of PLWHA. This study aims to analyze the relationship of personal factors consisting of knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of friends about prevention the impact of HIV / AIDS with the stigma of student at the PLWHA, as well as looking for the factors that most influence student stigma against people living with HIV/AIDS. This research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach with a research population of all students of the 2016 and 2017 batches classes of the University in Sukoharjo, totaling 12,457 students with a sample used was 500 students with Proportional Random Sampling. The data collection was using a self administered questionnaire and the data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test in the bivariate test while the logistic regression test was used for multivariate analysis. The results of the bivariate test showed that knowledge (p value = 0,0001), perception (p value = 0,0001), and the attitudes of friends (p value = 0,0001) with stigma of students towards PLWHA with a significant level of a = 0,05. The multivariate test found that the attitude of friends is the most influential factor on student stigma in PLWHA (OR=5,627). It is necessary to provide information to students and the scope of their friendship about HIV/AIDS, as well as HIV prevention programs to reduce stigma in PLWHA. Keywords : personal factors, friend attitude, HIV/AIDS, stigma, PLWHA

THE DIFFERENCE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS BEFORE AND AFTER WORKPLACE STRETCHING EXERCISE

Background: Workers who undertake occupations that require bending, climbing, crawling, reaching, twisting, excessive activity, or repeated movements may suffer from musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). MSDs can be prevented by doing Workplace Stretching Exercise (WSE) which is useful for minimizing the risk of musculoskeletal injury, fatigue reduction, muscle balance, and posture improvement, and muscle coordination improvement. Purpose: To analyze the difference before and after giving WSE to the reduction of MSDs complaints. Method: This research takes a quantitative approach, utilizing a quasi-experimental design in one group before and after WSE administration. Total sampling is used for sampling. The respondents of this study were 34 workers in the production division of PT Crown Pratama in 2021. The T-paired test was utilized as a statistical test in this study. Result: The results of the univariate test mean MSDs complaints before and after WSE administration were 42.97 and 36.29. Conclusion: The bivariate test revealed differences in complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) before and after workplace stretching exercise.

Description of Knowledge and Attitudes about HIV/AIDS on Young Homosexuals in Sleman Regency Yogyakarta

Introduction: Homosexuals community is one of the communities which have the possibility of spreading HIV/AIDS infections. According to the pilot study in a homosexual community in Sleman Regency, at least 78 people are teenagers and have a risk to be infected with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to describe the knowledge and attitudes of young homosexuals about HIV/AIDS, and also the correlation between it in the Sleman Regency of Yogyakarta. Method: This research is descriptive-analytic. The number of samples is 30 young homosexuals with a total sampling method. Data are collected with questionnaires. Data analysis using univariate test and bivariate test with Spearman Rank correlation. Result: The results showed that knowledge about HIV/AIDS among young homosexuals is a moderate category about 56,7%, low category about 26,7%, and high category about 16,6%. The attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among the young homosexual majority is good about 43,3%, neutral attitudes about 33,3%, and worse attitudes about 23,3%. There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge of HIV/AIDS with the attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among the young homosexual in Sleman Regency indicated Spearman Rank correlation 0,541 with a p-value of 0,002. Conclusion: The knowledge about HIV/AIDS among the young homosexual majority is an average category. The attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among the young homosexual majority is good behavior. There was a correlation between knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS among young homosexuals in Sleman Regency Yogyakarta. It is important to nursing to give them health education continuously so the spreading of HIV/AIDS in teenagers can be controlled.

Pengetahuan tentang Anemia dengan Kadar Hemoglobin Remaja Putri

WHO mentions that anemia is the 10 biggest health problems at this time. One of the groups at high risk of suffering from anemia are school-age children and adolescents. Lack of one nutrient can cause a disease in the form of a deficiency disease. In adolescents, iron deficiency can reduce work performance and learning achievement in addition to decreased body resistance to infectious diseases.Knowledge about anemia is important in preventing adolescent girls from having normal hemoglobin levels. If the knowledge of adolescent girls about anemia is good, it is hoped that will not experience anemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge about anemia and hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. The study was carried out at SMPN 14 Jambi City, and used an analytical research design. The research population was adolescent girls, with 30 respondents. The research instrument used a questionnaire and a hemoglobin measurement tool, as well as an informed consent sheet and a permit signed by the parents. The data collected were analyzed by univariate and bivariate.The results of this study showed that 30 respondents, most of the adolescent girls have good knowledge, namely 26 people (86.7%), and 29 people who do not have anemia (96.7%). The results of the bivariate test showed that there was no relationship between knowledge about anemia and hemoglobin levels p-value = 0.867. Furthermore, it is necessary for adolescent girls to check their hemoglobin levels regularly as an effort to determine their health status

Factors Associated with Cognitive Score in People with Schizophrenia at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital Medan

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is characterized by being a condition with complex symptomatic dimensions. Its prognosis is poor due to the impairment of multiple cognitive functions, which handicaps the adequate social, academic, or employment reintegration of the patient. Cognitive impairment refers to the loss of cognitive functions, specifically memory, attention, and speed of information processing. A wide range of cognitive functions is affected, particularly memory, attention, motor skills, executive function, and intelligence. METHODS: This study is a multivariate predictive conceptual framework study with a cross-sectional approach to 120 subjects at the Prof. Dr. M Ildrem Mental Hospital Medan in May 2020–July 2020 using a sample that is a consecutive sampling. The test conducted in this study consisted of a bivariate test and a multivariate linear regression test to determine the factors that were associated with the cognitive score. The measuring instrument used is the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Ina. RESULTS: In the bivariate test, in gender variable (p = 0.644) and age variable (p = 0.255) were not statistically significant, so the variables were not included in the multivariate test. In marital status variable (p = 0.0001), type of antipsychotic (p = 0.193), income/month (p = 0.0001), length of education (p = 0.0001), length of illness (p = 0.0001), frequency hospital admission (p = 0.0001), duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) (p = 0.0001), positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) scale (p = 0.141), and negative PANSS scale (p = 0.0001) were found statistically significant for the total MoCA Ina score on the bivariate test. After multivariate linear regression testing, the statistically significant variables on the total MoCA Ina score were negative PANSS scale (p = 0.001), income/month (p = 0.0001), length of education (p = 0.001), length of illness (p = 0.0001), DUP (p = 0.028), and marital status (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: By knowing the factors related to the total score of MoCA Ina, it is expected that clinicians can be more careful in giving treatment interventions for people with schizophrenia who are at risk for cognitive impairment.

Perbandingan Intensitas Pewarnaan Ekstrak Buah Terung Belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav) dengan Disclosing Solution Sebagai Bahan Identifikasi Plak Gigi

Background: The dental plaque becomes the main etiology of many hard and soft dental tissue’s problem. The dental plaque has a similar color with the teeth, it can not be seen without a coloring agent. There are two types of coloring used, namely synthetic dyes and natural dyes. Anthocyanin is a natural coloring found in tamarillo that can be used to identify the dental plaque. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method with post-test only one group design with independent t-test. The study was conducted in February 2019. Twelve samples were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples were given two times plaque examination, then the result were recorded in RKP (Plaque Control Record) form. The data analyzed by using SPSS. Results: The average score of plaque control with disclosing solution was 26.93%, while the plaque control score with tamarillo extract was 20.02%. Bivariate test results obtained p=0.037 (p<0.05) which means there is a significant difference between the plaque control scores using disclosing solution and plaque control with tamarillo extract. Conclusion: Tamarillo extract can not be used in the identification of dental plaque, because the color intensity is not as good as the use of disclosing solution. Keywords: dental plaque, disclosing solution, tamarillo extract

The relationship of family support with decision-making duration in cancer patient to perform a mastectomy

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a disease caused by abnormal growth of body cells that turn malignant and continue to grow uncontrollably. One of the treatments for breast cancer is mastectomy. The quickness of decision-making determines the survival rate of prognosis patients. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the relationship of family support with decision-making duration in cancer patients to perform a mastectomy. METHODS: An analytic observation method with cross-sectional design. The samples were taken by purposive sampling method with 50 samples of breast cancer patients. Data collected include age, last level of education, marital status, profession, stage of cancer during mastectomy, family support score, and decision-making duration to perform a mastectomy. The data analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis bivariate test. RESULTS: The bivariate test showed the relationship of family support (p = 0.002) with decision-making duration in breast cancer patients to perform a mastectomy. CONCLUSION: There is a relationship between family support with decision-making duration in breast cancer patients to perform a mastectomy.

Pengaruh konseling menggunakan media booklet terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap pada pasien diabetes melitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) or diabetes is a health disorder in the form of a collection of symptoms that arise in a person caused by an increase in blood sugar levels due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistance and metabolic disorders in general.Objective: To determine the effect of counseling with booklet media on knowledge, attitudes in type II diabetes mellitus patients at Iskandar Muda Kindergarten II HospitalMethods: This study is a Quasi Experiment with one group pre-test post-test design using total sampling. This research was conducted at Kindergarten II Iskandar Muda Hospital Banda Aceh in 2018. The descriptive univariate analysis includes frequency distribution and percentage, bivariate test with dependent t-testResults: It shows that there is a significant effect of counseling using booklet media in increasing knowledge (p= 0.000) and attitudes (p= 0.001) of diabetes mellitus patients in Iskandar Muda Kindergarten II hospital.Conclusion: Counseling using booklet media can increase knowledge and attitudes of type II diabetes mellitus patients.

Determinan Stunting pada Anak Balita di Desa Jambearum Kecamatan Sumberjambe Kabupaten Jember

Stunting is a condition when a toddler fails to grow at his age due to malnutrition from the fetus until the baby is born and usually can be seen at the age of two years. According to Dinas Kesehatan Jawa Timur, Jember is included on 11 districts in Indonesia which are focused on handling stunting. The district with the highest stunting rate in Jember Regency in 2018 is Sumberjambe District. In 2016, the prevalence of stunting in Sumberjambe District was 38.38%, in 2017 was 38.14% and in 2018 was 32.32%. This study aims to look for determinants of the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 12-59 months in Jambearum Village, Sumberjambe District. This study uses a cross sectional research design. The methode of taking sample uses simple random sampling. Data analysis used the chi square statistical test. The bivariate test showed that there was a significant relationship between food intake, consist of energy (p=0,026), zinc (p=0,045) and calcium (p=0,011) with the incidence of stunting in children under five in Jambearum Village, Sumberjambe Subdistrict, Jember Regency and there was no significant relationship between food intake (protein, iron and phosphorus) , infectious diseases, baby low birth weight status and genetic with the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Jambearum Village, Sumberjambe Subdistrict, Jember Regency.