Effects of Plant Extracts and Disinfectant Huva-San TR 50 on the Quality of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Seeds

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. (Aloe) and Morinda citrifolia L. (Indian mulberry) plant extracts and disinfectant Huva-San TR 50 (hydrogen peroxide stabilized with silver ions) on carrot seed quality. The seeds of two carrot cultivars Amsterdam (sample I) and Berlikumer 2 (sample II), were soaked in solutions of Aloe and Indian mulberry extracts and Huva-San TR 50 at concentrations of 0.025 %, 0.05 % and 0.1 % for 30 min. Untreated seeds and seeds soaked in distilled water for 30 min were used as controls. Seed germination was assessed after 7 and 14 days of incubation. The speed and uniformity of seed germination (vigour) were evaluated. Mycological analysis was performed using a deep-freeze blotter test. Sample I was characterized by lower germination at the first and the final counts than sample II and higher seed infestation with Alternaria radicina. Treating seeds of sample I with Morinda citrifolia plant extract at concentrations of 0.025 and 0.05 % reduced their infestation with Alternaria alternata and A. radicina, increased germination at the first and the final counts, and did not affect seed vigour. The effects of Aloe extract and disinfectant Huva-San TR 50 on seed quality parameters varied depending on their concentration. Hence, further studies are necessary to establish the optimal conditions for carrot seed treatment.

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Effects of Electromagnetic Fields and their Shielding on the Quality of Carrot (Daucus Carota L.) Seeds

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S ◽

10.1515/eces-2019-0055 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 785-795

Author(s):

Romuald Górski ◽

Hanna Dorna ◽

Agnieszka Rosińska ◽

Dorota Szopińska ◽

Stanisław Wosiński

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Electromagnetic Radiation ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Daucus Carota L ◽

Carrot Seed ◽

Electrical Component ◽

High Dielectric

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the effect of electromagnetic fields and their shielding on carrot seed quality. Three sectors were separated on the device emitting electromagnetic fields: “E” - sector emitting electromagnetic radiation with the predominance of the electrical component, “EM” - sector emitting electromagnetic radiation without domination of its components and “M” - sector with a predominance of magnetic component. Fields generated by the device were also shielded with ADR TEX screen, based on a nanocomposite in which the electric component of the electromagnetic radiation is absorbed by water dispersed in a dielectric matrix in various ways. The composites exhibit high dielectric absorption and shield electric fields within the frequency range from ~100 mHz to ~100 kHz. Seed germination and vigour were evaluated at 20 °C in darkness. Mycological analysis was performed using a deep-freeze blotter test. Exposure of seeds to radiation with the predominance of the electrical component and electromagnetic radiation without domination of its components combined with shielding of electromagnetic fields with ADR TEX (E+ADR TEX and EM+ADR TEX) increased seed germination energy and germination capacity compared to these treatments without shielding and control. The percentage of abnormal diseased seedlings in treatments with shielding of electromagnetic fields with ADR TEX (E+ADR TEX, EM+ADR TEX and M+ADR TEX) was significantly lower than in the treatments without shielding and in control. None of the treatments affected seed vigour. Generally, exposure of seeds to electromagnetic radiation did not influence the incidence of fungi.

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Herbage seed lots: are germination data sufficient?

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1990.52.1966 ◽

1990 ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

J.G. Hampton ◽

M.J. Hill

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Medicago Sativa ◽

Quality Factor ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Store Manager ◽

Performance Differences

Herbage seed lots of the same chronological age, certification class and germination values often differ in performance in the field, in storage, or both. These performance differences are ascribed to another seed quality factor, seed vigour. Vigour differences have been shown to occur in New Zealand seed lots of Trifolium repens, T. pratense, Medicago sativa, Bromus willdenowii, Cynosurus cristatus and Festuca spp., and are highly likely to occur in all other herbage species. This review of vigour in herbage seed lots discusses the concept, its possible causes, the implications for sowing, storage and export of seed, and how seed lot vigour information might be used by the farmer, seed store manager and seed marketer. Keywords seed vigour, field emergence, storage, export, herbage seed, germination

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Alleviate Seed Ageing Effects in Silybum marianum by Application of Hormone Seed Priming

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb739528 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 316-321

Author(s):

Seyed Ata SIADAT ◽

Seyed Amir MOOSAVI ◽

Mehran SHARAFIZADEH

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Silybum Marianum ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Germination Characteristics ◽

Poor Seed ◽

Seed Ageing

Most of the medicinal plants have seed dormancy or poor seed germination. This is due to their natural compounds or their morphological structure. Existence of such mechanisms makes the seeds able to endure harsh environments, stressful conditions or natural ageing. Different seed enhancement treatments were proposed in order to improve seed germination. In this study, it was examined Silybum marianum seed longevity (0, 48 and 72 hour of ageing) and the response to seed priming when using different concentrations of cytokinin (50, 200, 350 and 500 ppm) and different duration of treatment (8, 12 and 24 hour). Results revealed that ageing could be successfully alleviated using seed priming. Seed ageing significantly affected seed germination and vigour. Application of cytokinin considerably improved seed vigour in aged and non aged seeds. The most effective seed priming treatment was with 500 ppm cytokine, with the duration of 24 hours. In conclusion, it can be recommend the used of plant growth regulators like cytokine, as a good priming agent, to recover losses of seed quality and improve germination characteristics.

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Effects of elevated CO2and temperature on seed quality

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859612000263 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 151 (2) ◽

pp. 154-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

J. G. HAMPTON ◽

B. BOELT ◽

M. P. ROLSTON ◽

T. G. CHASTAIN

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

Crop Production ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Seed Mass ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Seed Vigour

SUMMARYSuccessful crop production depends initially on the availability of high-quality seed. By 2050 global climate change will have influenced crop yields, but will these changes affect seed quality? The present review examines the effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature during seed production on three seed quality components: seed mass, germination and seed vigour.In response to elevated CO2, seed mass has been reported to both increase and decrease in C3plants, but not change in C4plants. Increases are greater in legumes than non-legumes, and there is considerable variation among species. Seed mass increases may result in a decrease of seed nitrogen (N) concentration in non-legumes. Increasing temperature may decrease seed mass because of an accelerated growth rate and reduced seed filling duration, but lower seed mass does not necessarily reduce seed germination or vigour.Like seed mass, reported seed germination responses to elevated CO2have been variable. The reported changes in seed C/N ratio can decrease seed protein content which may eventually lead to reduced viability. Conversely, increased ethylene production may stimulate germination in some species. High-temperature stress before developing seeds reach physiological maturity (PM) can reduce germination by inhibiting the ability of the plant to supply the assimilates necessary to synthesize the storage compounds required for germination.Nothing is known concerning the effects of elevated CO2on seed vigour. However, seed vigour can be reduced by high-temperature stress both before and after PM. High temperatures induce or increase the physiological deterioration of seeds. Limited evidence suggests that only short periods of high-temperature stress at critical seed development stages are required to reduce seed vigour, but further research is required.The predicted environmental changes will lead to losses of seed quality, particularly for seed vigour and possibly germination. The seed industry will need to consider management changes to minimize the risk of this occurring.

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Stratiﬁcation as a way to increase germination of switchgrass seeds (Panicum virgatum L.)

Bioenergy ◽

10.47414/be.1.2021.243938 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

V. V. Dryha

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Complete Solution ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Practical Interest ◽

Wildlife Habitat ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Germination Energy ◽

Seed Stratification ◽

Biological State

Introduction. There is a practical interest in biofuels production from bioomass of perennial cereal grasses such as switchgrass, which is characterized by relatively high yields, low water and fertilization demand, reliable productivity in a wide geographical area, reduced soil erosion, carbon sequestration and improved wildlife habitat. The crop is propagated mainly by seeds, which is characterized by a long dormancy period, which leads to low field germination and uneven germination. Methods. Laboratory, visual, measuring and weighing, mathematical and statistical. Results. The main restraining factor in switchgrass widespread introduction into production and one of the ways to reduce the biological state of rest is stratification. Therefore, the aim of the research was to investigate the influence of seed stratification on the seed vigour and germination depending on the switchgrass varietal characteristics. The article presents the results of research on the seed stratification influence on its vigor and germination depending on varietal characteristics in order to reduce the biological dormancy of seeds and significantly increase germination. Determination of the response of different genotypes to stratification, the effect of low temperature on seed germination was carried out using seeds of four varieties of different groups of maturity: American origin varieties Foresburg — early, Cavein-rock — mid-late, Alamo — late and Ukrainian origin Morozko — midlate. Stratification, i. e. cooling seeds for 7 days at a temperature of 10◦C and germination at a temperature of 20◦C provided a significant increase in seed vigour and seed germination of all studied varieties. On average, the germination energy increased by 5% and germination by 4%. Seeds stratification differently affected seeds quality depending on varietal characteristics, while no natural changes in the seed quality by maturity groups were observed. It was found that stratification had a greater impact on germination energy, with the share of impact being 20%. Conclusions. Stratification provided a significant increase in seed vigour and germination in all studied varieties. On average, seed vigour increased by 5% and germination by 4%. But this measure does not provide a complete solution to reduce the biological state of seed dormancy.

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Micro-nutrients Seed Priming and rhizobium Coating on Seed Vigour, Crop Growth and Seed Yield in Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4488 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Kavitha ◽

P. Srimathi

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Crop Growth ◽

Seedling Vigour ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Vigour Index

Background: Black gram is the important pulses crop, grown throughout the country; gives low seed yield mainly due to poor management and low soil fertility. Development of suitable technology is essential to enhance productivity. Seed priming is one such effective technology which enhance rapid and uniform emergence to achieve high vigour, leading to better stand establishment and yield. The current research aimed to study micronutrient seed priming and rhizobium coating on seed germination, seedling vigour, crop growth and seed yield in black gram.Methods: Blackgram seeds were primed with 10 different micronutrient solutions with different concentrations and evaluated for its quality parameters to find out suitable seed priming technique. Seeds from two best priming treatments were coated with rhizobium @ 30g/kg of seed and evaluated for its production potential and resultant seed quality under field condition.Result: Seed priming with 0.5% ZnSO4 at 1/3rd seed to solution ratio for 3 hours recorded higher germination (96%) and vigour index (3811) than control which recorded 84% seed germination and 2528 of vigour index under laboratory experiment. Field experiments revealed that, seeds primed with 0.5% ZnSO4 and coated with rhizobium @ 30g per kg of seeds improved seed yield by 13.2% over control.

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Effects of Variety and Growing Condition on Yield and Quality of Carrot Seed

Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources ◽

10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14834 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 301-306

Author(s):

MA Malek ◽

D Mohammed ◽

M Sikdar ◽

MS Rahman

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Vigour Index ◽

Carrot Seed ◽

Growing Conditions

Different varieties of carrot and growing conditions of stecklings showed highly significant influence all most all the parameters studied. The highest seed yield (1321.53 kg/ha) was recorded from Brasilia Agroflora and the quality of seed (germination 83.20% and seed vigour index 12.21) was produced from the same variety, while the lowest seed yield (1193.70 kg/ha) and germination (79.42%) were obtained from New Kuroda. The net covered stecklings were recorded the highest seed yield (1495.33 kg/ha) and the quality of seed (germination 86.93% and seed vigour index 13.17) was produced from the same condition, while the lowest seed yield (1047.14 kg/ha) and germination (75.77%) were obtained from polythene covered stecklings. In case of combined effect, the highest seed yield (1576.07 kg/ha) was recorded from Brasilia Agroflora with net covered stecklings and that of the lowest (1000.10 kg/ha) from New Kuroda with polythene covered stecklings.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14834 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 301-306 2012

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The effect of plant density on seed yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.)

NZGA: Research and Practice Series ◽

10.33584/rps.14.2008.3183 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 75-83

Author(s):

C.N. Merfield ◽

J.G. Hampton ◽

S.D. Wratten ◽

P. Prapanoppasin ◽

P. Yeeransiri

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Daucus Carota ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Plant Density ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Daucus Carota L ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Thousand Seed Weight

The hypothesis that by increasing carrot (Daucus carota) plant density the contribution to seed yield by the primary umbels would increase, and that therefore both seed yield and seed quality would increase, was examined in two experiments in different years in Canterbury. A radial trial design provided plant densities from 2 to 84 plants/m2 and from 4 to 100 plants/m2 in experiments one and two respectively. Seed yield increased with increasing plant density in both experiments, and at the highest density the primary umbels contributed 90% (experiment one) and 60% (experiment two) of the seed yield. In both experiments seeds from the primary umbels had a greater thousand seed weight and higher germination than those from the other order umbels, and for the second experiment they also had higher seed vigour. The quality of seeds from the primary umbels was consistently higher than that of seeds from the secondary umbels across all plant densities, and for the latter, both germination and seed vigour declined as plant density increased. These results therefore support the hypothesis, and densities higher than the 20 plants/m2 currently used commercially have the potential to increase both seed yield and quality. Keywords: seed production, primary umbels, germination, vigour, plants/m2

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MOISTURE CONTENT AND VARIETY OF JUTE SEED IS AFFECTED BY LONG TERM SEED STORAGE

Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agricultural ◽

10.26480/mjsa.01.2021.24.28 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 24-28

Author(s):

Md. Zablul Tareq ◽

Arif Mohammad Mojakkir ◽

Mir Mehedi Hasan ◽

Md. Jewel Alam ◽

Md. Abu Sadat

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Crop Production ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Storage Period ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Storage Container ◽

Field Emergence ◽

Healthy Seed

Seed perform a vital role in agricultural sector for crop production as well as seed business. Scarcity of healthy seed hinder not only the crop production but also the quality of seed. Storing of healthy seed with proper storing condition is one of the suitable methods to maximize production however, healthy seed also lose its quality during seed storage. Seed remains viable for long time if the seed stored by maintaining seed moisture content, storage temperature with storage container. So, this experiment was carried out to observe the quality parameters of jute seed during long term storing. To find out the storage effect an experiment was conducted on march, 2020 at seed laboratory, Jute Agriculture Experimental Station, Jagir, Manikganj, Bangladesh during the period of January 2016 to March, 2020. Plastic pot was used in this experiment as a storage container to store jute seeds. Three tossa jute (C. olitorius L.) varieties viz., O-795 (V1), O-9897 (V2) and OM-1 (V3) were used in this study. Result revealed that storage period and jute variety showed significant effect on different seed quality parameters. The highest seed germination, field emergence, seed vigour and the lowest 1000-seed weight, moisture content were recorded in T5 (2019-20) treatment. On the other hand, the lowest seed germination, field emergence, seed vigour and the highest 1000-seed weight, moisture content were recorded in T1 (2015-2016) treatment. Furthermore, seed germination, field emergence, seed vigour was negatively but 1000-seed weight was positively correlate with moisture content. Results revealed that extended storage period caused the decreasing seed quality and seed can be stored for three years in plastic container without hampering the seed quality.

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Storage and hydro-priming treatments to improve the seed quality of two traditional rice varieties; Batapola-el and Suwendal, from Sri Lanka

ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice ◽

10.35709/ory.2020.57.1.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 25-35

Author(s):

MO Galappaththi ◽

KMGG Jayasuriya ◽

NS Gama-Arachchige

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Sowing Season ◽

Traditional Rice

Although the demand for traditional rice varieties has increased, low initial germination and poor storability of these varieties impede its popularization. Thus, the aim of the study was to improve the seed quality using priming treatments and to suggest an effective storage practice of two of the traditional rice varieties; Suwendal and Batapola-el, in Sri Lanka. Seeds were subjected to hydro-priming under various time periods (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours). Seeds were stored in gunny, polysac and polythene bags at room temperature, 25 and 8 °C. Seed quality of primed and stored seeds was evaluated using seed germination, seed vigour (seedling growth and conductivity) and seedling emergence. Hydro-priming for 72 hours has increased the seed germination of the two varieties significantly compared to other priming methods. Further, seeds primed for 72 hours had the highest vigour and highest seedling emergence in both varieties. Storing Suwendal and Batapola-el seeds in polythene bags at 8 °C retained the highest viability and highest vigour for more than six months. Thus, hydro-priming for 72 hours could be recommended to enhancethe seed quality of these two tested varieties and storage at 8 °C in sealed polythene bags could be recommended as an effective storage practice to maintain the seed viability till the next sowing season.

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