scholarly journals Efficacy of natural formulations in bovine mastitis pathology: alternative solution to antibiotic treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Pașca ◽  
Liviu Alexandru Mărghitaș ◽  
Daniel Severus Dezmirean ◽  
Ioana Adriana Matei ◽  
Victorița Bonta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Standard Plate ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

AbstractIntroductionBovine mastitis is an inflammatory disease of the udder that causes important economic losses in the animal breeding and dairy product industries. Nowadays, the conventional livestock antibiotic treatments are slowly being replaced by alternative treatments. In this context, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of natural products in alternative treatment of bovine mastitis.Material and MethodsTwo natural formulations with previously suggested in vitro antimicrobial effect were tested in vivo on mastitic cows. Animals with a positive diagnosis for mastitis (n = 20) were divided into three treatment groups: two groups (n = 8) were administered formulations of propolis, alcoholic extracts of Brewers Gold and Perle hops, plum lichen, common mallow, marigold, absinthe wormwood, black poplar buds, lemon balm, and essential oils of oregano, lavender, and rosemary designated R4 and R7 (differing only in the latter being more concentrated) and one group (n = 4) a conventional antibiotic mixture. In vivo efficacy of treatments was evaluated by somatic cell and standard plate counts, the treatment being considered efficacious when both parameters were under the maximum limit.ResultsR7 was effective in the most cases, being therapeutically bactericidal in six out of eight cows, while R4 gave good results in three out of eight cows, and conventional antibiotics cured one out of four.ConclusionThese results suggest the possible therapeutic potential of these natural products in bovine mastitis.

scholarly journals Natural products with therapeutic potential in melanoma metastasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1170-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. AlQathama ◽  
J. M. Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Melanoma Metastasis ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Cytotoxic Compounds

Natural products continue to provide lead cytotoxic compounds for cancer treatment but less attention has been given to antimigratory compounds. We here systematically and critically survey more than 30 natural products with direct in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects on migration and/or metastasis of melanoma cells and chart the mechanisms of action for this underexploited property.

scholarly journals Natural compounds: A sustainable alternative for controlling phytopathogens

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Fernanda Jiménez-Reyes ◽  
Héctor Carrasco ◽  
Andrés Olea ◽  
Evelyn Silva-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Active Compounds

Fungi are the primary infectious agents in plants causing significant economic losses in agroindustry. Traditionally, these pathogens have been treated with different synthetic fungicides such as hydroxianilides, anilinopyrimidines, and azoles, to name a few. However, the indiscriminate use of these chemicals has increased fungi resistance in plants. Natural products have been researched as a control, and an alternative to these synthetic fungicides since they are not harmful to health and contribute to the environment caring. This review describes plants extracts, essential oils, and active compounds or secondary metabolites as antifungal agents both, in vitro and in vivo. Active compounds have been recently described as the best candidates for the control of phytopathogenic fungi. When metabolized by plants, these compounds concentrations rely on the environmental conditions and pathogens incidence. However, one issue regarding the direct application of these preformed compounds in plants touch upon their low persistence in the environment, and their even lower bioavailability than synthetic fungicides. Hence the challenge is to develop useful formulations based on natural products to increase the compounds solubility facilitating thus their application in the field while maintaining their properties.

scholarly journals Trypanocidal Essential Oils: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 4568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Castro de Morais ◽  
Jucieudo Virgulino de Souza ◽  
Carlos da Silva Maia Bezerra Filho ◽  
Silvio Santana Dolabella ◽  
Damião Pergentino de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Important Group

Trypanosomiases are diseases caused by parasitic protozoan trypanosomes of the genus Trypanosoma. In humans, this includes Chagas disease and African trypanosomiasis. There are few therapeutic options, and there is low efficacy to clinical treatment. Therefore, the search for new drugs for the trypanosomiasis is urgent. This review describes studies of the trypanocidal properties of essential oils, an important group of natural products widely found in several tropical countries. Seventy-seven plants were selected from literature for the trypanocidal activity of their essential oils. The main chemical constituents and mechanisms of action are also discussed. In vitro and in vivo experimental data show the therapeutic potential of these natural products for the treatment of infections caused by species of Trypanosoma.

scholarly journals Unraveling Natural Products’ Role in Osteoarthritis Management—An Overview

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia-Eirini Deligiannidou ◽  
Rafail-Efraim Papadopoulos ◽  
Christos Kontogiorgis ◽  
Anastasia Detsi ◽  
Eugenia Bezirtzoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Living Organisms

The natural process of aging gradually causes changes in living organisms, leading to the deterioration of organs, tissues, and cells. In the case of osteoarthritis (OA), the degradation of cartilage is a result of both mechanical stress and biochemical factors. Natural products have already been evaluated for their potential role in the prevention and treatment of OA, providing a safe and effective adjunctive therapeutic approach. This review aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of natural products and their derivatives in osteoarthritis via a systematic search of literature after 2008, including in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, and animal models, along with clinical trials and meta-analysis. Overall, 170 papers were obtained and screened. Here, we presented findings referring to the preventative and therapeutic potential of 17 natural products and 14 naturally occurring compounds, underlining, when available, the mechanisms implicated. The nature of OA calls to initially focus on the management of symptoms, and, in that context, several naturally occurring compounds have been utilized. Underlying a global need for more sustainable natural sources for treatment, the evidence supporting their chondroprotective potential is still building up. However, arriving at that kind of solution requires more clinical research, targeting the implications of long-term treatment, adverse effects, and epigenetic implications.

scholarly journals Natural compounds: A sustainable alternative for controlling phytopathogens

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Fernanda Jiménez-Reyes ◽  
Héctor Carrasco ◽  
Andrés Olea ◽  
Evelyn Silva-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Active Compounds

Fungi are the primary infectious agents in plants causing significant economic losses in agroindustry. Traditionally, these pathogens have been treated with different synthetic fungicides such as hydroxianilides, anilinopyrimidines, and azoles, to name a few. However, the indiscriminate use of these chemicals has increased fungi resistance in plants. Natural products have been researched as a control, and an alternative to these synthetic fungicides since they are not harmful to health and contribute to the environment caring. This review describes plants extracts, essential oils, and active compounds or secondary metabolites as antifungal agents both, in vitro and in vivo. Active compounds have been recently described as the best candidates for the control of phytopathogenic fungi. When metabolized by plants, these compounds concentrations rely on the environmental conditions and pathogens incidence. However, one issue regarding the direct application of these preformed compounds in plants touch upon their low persistence in the environment, and their even lower bioavailability than synthetic fungicides. Hence the challenge is to develop useful formulations based on natural products to increase the compounds solubility facilitating thus their application in the field while maintaining their properties.

scholarly journals A Review of Biologically Active Natural Products from Mediterranean Wild Edible Plants: Benefits in the Treatment of Obesity and Its Related Disorders

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariangela Marrelli ◽  
Giancarlo Statti ◽  
Filomena Conforti
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Wild Food ◽  
Wild Foods ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Edible Species

Wild foods constitute an essential component of people’s diets around the world. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), over 100 million people in the EU consume wild foods, while 65 million collect some form of wild food themselves. The Mediterranean basin is a biodiversity hotspot of wild edible species. Nowadays, due to the renewed interest in alimurgic plants and the recent findings on the beneficial role of their phytochemical constituents, these species have been defined as “new functional foods”. Research on natural products has recently regained importance with the growing understanding of their biological significance. Botanical food supplements marketed for weight and fat loss in obese subjects will be one of the most important items in marketed nutraceuticals. The aim of this report was to review the phytochemical compounds of Mediterranean wild edible species and their therapeutic potential against obesity and its related disorders. Results on the in vitro and in vivo activity of the most interesting plant extracts and their bioactive components are presented and discussed. The most interesting discoveries on their mechanisms of action are reported as well. Overall, this contribution highlights the importance and beneficial health roles of wild edible species.

scholarly journals Single-Chain Fragment Variables Targeting Leukocidin ED Can Alleviate the Inflammation of Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Mastitis in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xin Ye ◽  
Yan Jia ◽  
Manling Cheng ◽  
Dangjin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chemokine Receptors ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Chain Fragment ◽  
Single Chain Fragment

Staphylococcus aureus is a vital bovine mastitis pathogen causing huge economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. In our previous studies, leukotoxin ED (LukED) was detected in most S. aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis. Here, four single-chain fragment variables (scFvs) (ZL8 and ZL42 targeting LukE, ZL22 and ZL23 targeting LukD) were obtained using purified LukE and LukD proteins as the antigens after five rounds of bio-panning. The complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) of the VH domain of these scFvs exhibited significant diversities. In vitro, the scFvs significantly decreased LukED-induced cell killing by inhibiting the binding of LukED to chemokine receptors (CCR5 and CXCR2) and reduced the death rates of bovine neutrophils and MAC-T cells caused by LukED and S. aureus (p < 0.05). In an S. aureus-induced mouse mastitis model, histopathology and MPO results revealed that scFvs ameliorated the histopathological damages and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells (p < 0.05). The ELISA and qPCR assays showed that scFvs reduced the transcription and expression levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8 and IL-18 (p < 0.05). The overall results demonstrated the protective anti-inflammatory effect of scFvs in vitro and in vivo, enlightening the potential role of scFvs in the prevention and treatment of S. aureus-induced mastitis.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Curcumin against Helicobacter pylori Isolates from India and during Infections in Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1592-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronita De ◽  
Parag Kundu ◽  
Snehasikta Swarnakar ◽  
T. Ramamurthy ◽  
Abhijit Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Shikimate Pathway ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Gastric Damage ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Treatment failure is a major cause of concern for the Helicobacter pylori-related gastroduodenal diseases like gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Curcumin, diferuloylmethane from turmeric, has recently been shown to arrest H. pylori growth. The antibacterial activity of curcumin against 65 clinical isolates of H. pylori in vitro and during protection against H. pylori infection in vivo was examined. The MIC of curcumin ranges from 5 μg/ml to 50 μg/ml, showing its effectiveness in inhibiting H. pylori growth in vitro irrespective of the genetic makeup of the strains. The nucleotide sequences of the aroE genes, encoding shikimate dehydrogenase, against which curcumin seems to act as a noncompetitive inhibitor, from H. pylori strains presenting differential curcumin MICs showed that curcumin-mediated growth inhibition of Indian H. pylori strains may not be always dependent on the shikimate pathway. The antimicrobial effect of curcumin in H. pylori-infected C57BL/6 mice and its efficacy in reducing the gastric damage due to infection were examined histologically. Curcumin showed immense therapeutic potential against H. pylori infection as it was highly effective in eradication of H. pylori from infected mice as well as in restoration of H. pylori-induced gastric damage. This study provides novel insights into the therapeutic effect of curcumin against H. pylori infection, suggesting its potential as an alternative therapy, and opens the way for further studies on identification of novel antimicrobial targets of curcumin.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo Methods for the Evaluation of Natural Products against Dermatophytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Lily A. Velázquez-Dávila ◽  
Sergio A. Galindo-Rodríguez ◽  
Luis A. Pérez-López ◽  
M. Gloria González-González ◽  
Rocío Álvarez-Román
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
World Population ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
The Many

Dermatomycoses are infections caused by fungi called dermatophytes; these affect 20–25% of the world population and the incidence continues to grow each year. Recently, an alternative for the treatment of these diseases is the use of natural products, thanks to the fact that they possess great chemical diversity and thus biological activity. However, to understand the therapeutic potential of natural products, their microbiological assessment presents certain limitations. Currently, there is no established reference method to determine the antifungal capacity in vitro and in vivo of natural products (i.e., essential oils). This review focuses on describing the various microbiological methods as well as the many adaptations used to evaluate the antifungal activity of natural products both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the antifungal evaluation of natural products formulated in creams, gels, nanoemulsions, nanocapsules and solid lipid nanoparticles is included.

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