scholarly journals Are Lactobacillus Bulgaricus and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine suitable for patient protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (43) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Toma Avramov ◽  
Dilyana Vicheva ◽  
Antoaneta Manolova
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Drug Approval ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Genus Lactobacillus ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Before COVID-19 infection caused the global pandemic in 2020, coronavirus diseases were mainly of veterinary interest. This pandemic necessitated the development of protective and therapeutic measures against the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Foods containing representatives of the genus Lactobacillus are an integral part of the daily menu of the Bulgarian people. Our hypothesis is based on studies examining its potential for competitive inhibition of viruses and bacteria by attachment to the surface of enterocytes. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an integral part of the vaccination calendar in the Republic of Bulgaria. In the literature, many clinical studies show that the administration of BCG vaccine limits the SARS-CoV-2 antigens and, consequently, is able to induce protection for COVID-19, by activating the specific, innate immune system. The lack of definitively approved treatment necessitates finding ways to limit the spread of COVID-19 until final drug approval. We believe that the use of dietary components in the context of competitive inhibition and the vaccination schedule for protection in coronavirus-related diseases is applicable. We hypothesize that Lactobacillus and BCG may play a protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection alone or in combination in healthy individuals.

scholarly journals BAKTERI Lactobacillus spp DAN PERANANNYA BAGI KEHIDUPAN

Jurnal Jeumpa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 614-624
Author(s):  
Milfa Aini ◽  
Sri Rahayuni ◽  
Vivi Mardina ◽  
Quranayati Quranayati ◽  
Nur Asiah
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Fermentum ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Genus Lactobacillus ◽  
Lactobacillus Lactis ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Kelompok BAL (Bakteri Asam Laktat) yaitu berasal dari genus Lactobacillus  terdiri dari hampir 80 spesies berbeda. Jenis Lactobacillus terdiri dari dua kelompok yang bersifat heterofermentatif dan homofermentatif. Spesies dari bakteri Lactobacillus yang tergolong homofermentatif adalah Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus thermophiles, Lactobacillus lactis, dan Lactobacillus acidophilu. Spesies bakteri yang bersifat heterofermentatif adalah Lactobacillus Fermentum. Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) adalah bakteri yang digunakan sebagai probiotik. Genus Lactobacillus terdiri atas banyak spesies yang digunakan untuk fermentasi dan pengawet makanan. Ada 106 spesies Lactobacillus, namun hanya 56 spesies berpotensi sebagai probiotik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode adalah deskriptif restrospektif. Sampel penelitian berupa hasil literature dari jurnal dan penelitian yang telah diterbitkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mereview berbagai jenis bakteri Lactobacillus spp dan perananya untuk kehidupan.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Induced Cardiovascular Complications and Recent Therapeutic Advances

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Selia Chowdhury ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Bappy ◽  
Samia Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Shahraj Chowdhury ◽  
Nurjahan Shipa Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Inflammatory Heart Disease ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

A global pandemic instigated by SARS-CoV-2 virus has been going strongly for almost two years. There have been almost 240 million cases with almost 5 million fatalities all over the world so far. COVID has affected almost every aspect of people’s lives halting the world in immeasurable ways. Although COVID-19 is mostly affecting the respiratory system, it is also responsible for a significant amount of cardiovascular system involvement. On one hand, it deteriorates any pre-existing cardiovascular condition, on another hand, it triggers other inflammation-facilitated acute events. They comprise of inflammatory heart disease, severe pericardial effusion, ventricular arrhythmias, endothelial dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, and many more. In this article, we summarize the features, management, and treatment of several important COVID-19 induced cardiovascular complications. Recent advances in the treatment of these diseases along with the justification and concerns of specific therapeutic measures are also discussed.

scholarly journals Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination and clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in Rhode Island, United States: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
C-H. Weng ◽  
A. Saal ◽  
W. W-W. Butt ◽  
N. Bica ◽  
J. Q. Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Global Pandemic

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a global pandemic, and there is limited data on effective therapies. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine, a live-attenuated strain derived from an isolate of Mycobacterium bovis and originally designed to prevent tuberculosis, has shown some efficacy against infection with unrelated pathogens. In this study, we reviewed 120 consecutive adult patients (≥18 years old) with COVID-19 at a major federally qualified health centre in Rhode Island, United States from 19 March to 29 April 2020. Median age was 39.5 years (interquartile range, 27.0–50.0), 30% were male and 87.5% were Latino/Hispanics. Eighty-two (68.3%) patients had BCG vaccination. Individuals with BCG vaccination were less likely to require hospital admission during the disease course (3.7% vs. 15.8%, P = 0.019). This association remained unchanged after adjusting for demographics and comorbidities (P = 0.017) using multivariate regression analysis. The finding from our study suggests the potential of BCG in preventing more severe COVID-19.

scholarly journals DISTANCE EMPLOYMENT AS AN INSTITUTION OF WORKING TIME AND THE MAIN EVOLUTIONARY TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT IN A PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-146
Author(s):  
Angelika V. Yasinskaya-Kazaschenko ◽  
Irina V. Sholomitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Distance Work ◽  
Further Development

The development of the digital economy, the change in the image of workers, their values, as well as the threat of a global pandemic indicate the further development and widespread introduction of non-traditional forms of employment. The article examines the historical preconditions for the formation of a distance form of employment. The authors conclude that distance employment is an evolutionary form of employment and, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, is designed to ensure the stability of labor relations. The features of the legal regulation of distance work in the Republic of Belarus are analyzed, a comparative analysis of the legal regulation of distance employment in the Russian Federation is carried out. The main mistakes made by employers when transferring workers to remote work have been studied. Basic recommendations are given for transferring employees to a remote form of employment, taking into account the requirements of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus. There were used such methods as analysis, synthesis, dialectical, historical, formal logical, formal legal and comparative legal in this research.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Pneumonia and Pulmonary Thromboembolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingkang Yao ◽  
Phei Er Saw ◽  
Shanping Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Clinical Relationship ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Infectious Disease Specialists ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Common

In 2019, a novel pneumonia, called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), spread rapidly throughout the world. This novel global pandemic severely threatened public respiratory health and medical services. To date, except for the common respiratory symptoms, coagulation disorders, especially pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), has been proven as an important complication in severe COVID-19 patients, and the incidence of PTE causes poor clinical outcome and increased fatality. Therefore, it is important that healthcare providers, including respiratory physicians, emergency medicine specialists, hematologists, cardiologists, infectious disease specialists, and other specialists, recognize that patients with COVID-19 are at increased risk of PTE, and ensure that appropriate prophylaxis is administered to the appropriate patients, and that they effectively manage PTE when it does occur. The mechanism of PTE in patients with coronavirus pneumonia consists of endothelial injury, activated platelet, cytokine storm, and a suppressed fibrinolytic system. Early prophylaxis, antiviral therapy, anticoagulation, and supportive treatment are beneficial to COVID-19 patients. In this review, we summarize the harm that coronavirus pneumonia wreaks and highlight the clinical relationship between PTE and coronavirus infection. The potential mechanism and the prophylaxis and therapeutic measures are also discussed to call for more effort and research to investigate the strategies for PTE in COVID-19.

scholarly journals Identification of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Osteitis in Paraffin-Blocked Pathologic Specimens in the Republic of Korea

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kil Seong Bae ◽  
Joon Kee Lee ◽  
Jae Hong Choi ◽  
Eun Hwa Choi ◽  
Hoan Jong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of public enterprise management in the Republic of Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Edvard Jakopin ◽  
Miladin Kalinić
Keyword(s):  
Transition Countries ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Public Enterprises ◽  
Budget Support ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Economic Boom

The results of a comparative study of the effects of state and public enterprise management in transition economies have classified Serbia as a group of countries with inefficient management. Transition countries, members of the EU, achieve better management performance of state-owned enterprises than non-EU countries, due to stronger institutions, efficient state aid rules, as well as greater transparency of budget support. The global pandemic in 2020 and increased health, economic and social risks, in many transition countries have not affected the slowdown of structural reforms in public enterprises, on the contrary, a special focus was directed towards upgrading the mechanisms of management of public enterprises, strengthening the anti-corruption policy, digitalization of state services, etc. The research of the reform balance of the management of large republican public infrastructure enterprises in the Republic of Serbia has shown that the state has major problems in the management of enterprises that are in its portfolio and under its control. Their business poses a permanent budget risk, directly affecting economic growth and key macroeconomic aggregates. Large infrastructure public enterprises have a dominant share in the energy and transport sectors, which affects the business of the entire economy. The balance of their business in the period of economic boom is in increasing discrepancy with the balance of business of the private sector, which clearly indicates the problem of management. The primary reform task in the management of public enterprises is to improve the accountability, transparency and efficiency of their management.

scholarly journals Vaccine diplomacy during the COVID-19 pandemic on the example of the Republic of Serbia

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Aleksa Filipović
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Aligned Media ◽  
Russian Medical ◽  
The Eu

The global COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented in scale and scope. The COVID-19 vaccines have not only become an indispensable weapon in the fight against the pandemic but also served as a sign of the technological and scientific prestige of the countries that developed them. While the term "vaccine diplomacy" is not new, it may have become much more relevant in times of global pandemic. The aim of this research is to analyze the vaccine diplomacy of China, the EU, and Russia towards Serbia during the global COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, the study also presents Serbia's efforts to engage in its own vaccine diplomacy at the global level. The novelty of this research can be seen in a comparative analysis of the efforts of the "vaccine diplomacy" of the EU, China, and Russia towards Serbia. In addition, this research also presents the results of the survey data on Serbian citizens and their perceptions of foreign aid received during the pandemic. It can be concluded that the Chinese and Russian medical aid to Serbia were very well received by the Serbian government, government-aligned media, and the Serbian public. Concerning the aid of the European Union, it was neither significantly advertised by the media, nor was the Serbian public perception significantly changed in the favour of the EU. At the same time, the Serbian government engaged in vaccine diplomacy of its own, to strengthen the ties with Yugoslavia's former allies from the Non-Alignment Movement.

scholarly journals Synthetic SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Based DNA Vaccine Elicits Robust and Long-Lasting Th1 Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawsan S. Alamri ◽  
Khalid A. Alluhaybi ◽  
Rowa Y. Alhabbab ◽  
Mohammad Basabrain ◽  
Abdullah Algaissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Free System ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Needle Injection

The ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) calls for an urgent development of effective and safe prophylactic and therapeutic measures. The spike (S) glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a major immunogenic and protective protein and plays a crucial role in viral pathogenesis. In this study, we successfully constructed a synthetic codon-optimized DNA-based vaccine as a countermeasure against SARS-CoV-2, denoted VIU-1005. The design was based on a codon-optimized coding sequence of a consensus full-length S glycoprotein. The immunogenicity of the vaccine was tested in two mouse models (BALB/c and C57BL/6J). Th1-skewed systemic S-specific IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were significantly induced in both models 4 weeks after three injections with 100 μg of the VIU-1005 vaccine via intramuscular needle injection but not intradermal or subcutaneous routes. Such immunization induced long-lasting IgG and memory T cell responses in mice that lasted for at least 6 months. Interestingly, using a needle-free system, we showed an enhanced immunogenicity of VIU-1005 in which lower or fewer doses were able to elicit significantly high levels of Th1-biased systemic S-specific immune responses, as demonstrated by the significant levels of binding IgG antibodies, nAbs and IFN-γ, TNF and IL-2 cytokine production from memory CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in BALB/c mice. Furthermore, compared to intradermal needle injection, which failed to induce any significant immune response, intradermal needle-free immunization elicited a robust Th1-biased humoral response similar to that observed with intramuscular immunization. Together, our results demonstrate that the synthetic VIU-1005 candidate DNA vaccine is highly immunogenic and capable of inducing long-lasting Th1-skewed humoral and cellular immunity in mice. Furthermore, we show that the use of a needle-free system could enhance the immunogenicity and minimize doses needed to induce protective immunity in mice, supporting further preclinical and clinical testing of this candidate vaccine.

scholarly journals Profilaxis, immunoprophylaxis and therapy of staphylococcal mastitis

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Vakanjac ◽  
Vojislav Pavlovic ◽  
Nebojsa Pavlovic
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

Inflammation of the mammary gland, mastitis, in cows presents one of the most acute problems in intensive milk production, incurring huge economic losses which reach from 20-80% even in developed countries in the past decade. On the grounds of the programme of the respective Ministry, the Veterinary Service of the Republic of Serbia is obliged to monitor, detect, curb and control infective inflammation of the mammary gland caused by staphylococcus and streptococcus. Long-term different approaches to mastitis treatment did not result in the required solution, so that the problem of mastitis is still present and acute. In order to prevent the infiltration of the pathogenic cause into the mammary gland, its populating and multiplication, it is necessary to maintain constant and regular controls of milk, as well as undertake of preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at reducing the incidence of mastitis. Immunization and immunotherapy of mastitis are new and very interesting areas for scientific investigations and work. In the recent decades vaccines against staphylococcal mastitis are being successfully developed, whose success is reflected in the reduced incidence of clinical and subcilinical mastitis.

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