scholarly journals Financial and Non-Financial Support of Export

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
A. A. Naryshkin
Keyword(s):  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Export Promotion ◽  
Export Growth ◽  
Export Credit ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Export Promotion Institutions

Promotion of domestic companies interests abroad is the main task of economic diplomacy. Promotion of domestic goods and services in foreign markets ensures the coun- try's stable position in the world economy and economic stability within the state. Following economic boost, world trade and especially export growth may ensure not only country's economy growth, but also citizens welfare through mechanisms for reallocating funds. Value-added exports development in Russia has been brought to the rank of one of the key government goals. Russia has an export promotion institutions system. Some institu- tions have long history. Others have been created recently and based on foreign practices. The Russian government has developed the national project "International cooperation and export", it sets the goal to ensure export growth through effective interaction of existing institutions. The article reviews the foreign and domestic practices of export support through financial and non-financial instruments. They include market analysis tools, exhibition support, popu- larizing exports within the country, various export credit and insurance instruments pro- tecting the exporter from political risks in foreign markets. Author analyzes the legislative framework of key support measures and possible ways to improve efficiency by eliminating duplication in various institutions functions. It should provide a synergistic effect boosting their efficiency. The methodology of the study is based on a comprehensive analysis of the modern export promotion institutions system in Russia and abroad, a regulatory analysis of fundamental documents and a comparative analysis of export support measures. The extensive research subject has provided the usage of an interdisciplinary approach covering economic and po- litical research.

Public policy makers

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Sraha
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Export Assistance

Purpose – Although there is great deal of research on export assistance programmes in developed countries, studies on developing countries in Africa has received scant attention in the literature. Lack of detailed information in many developing African countries makes it difficult to assess the effect of export promotion programmes (EPPs) on the firm’s export performance in foreign markets. The purpose of this paper is to explore entrepreneurial development in the value-added export sector of Ghana and screen EPPs provided by public policy makers to examine the impact of these programmes on export performance of Ghanaian firms in foreign markets. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual/exploratory paper is developed with discussion. Findings – The paper suggests that the ability of exporters to enhance their performance is driven by the usage of outside market access, export development/training and information related export assistance programmes offered by public policy makers. Utilisation of EPPs builds experiential knowledge which serves as a source of competitive advantage for exporters to implement effective marketing mix strategies to enhance performance. Practical implications – The study underscores the specific EPPs export managers can utilise to enhance performance and improve their international marketing strategy in foreign markets. Public policy makers need to work together with exporters to incorporate and develop programmes to suit the idiosyncrasies of foreign markets and boost the growth of value-added exports. Originality/value – The study explores past literature to screen and evaluate the effect of EPPs and entrepreneurial development to boost export growth in Ghana – Sub-Sahara Africa.

scholarly journals The research and development in the engineering field in the higher education system of the Czech Republic and its international comparison

Ergo ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Kučera ◽  
Tomáš Vondrák
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
The World

Abstract The Czech Republic is at the forefront of the EU in the contribution of the manufacturing to the total gross value added. The Czech industry contributes significantly to the positive balance of trade of the country. The overall international competitiveness of the Czech Republic will depend upon the innovation performance of the manufacturing sector and its competitiveness on the foreign markets. A necessary condition for extending the share on the foreign markets is the effective harnessing of the national R&D capacity and a strong qualified local workforce. This contribution uses a bibliometric and a patent analysis for the assessment of the R&D carried out by the Czech higher education institutions (HEIs) oriented towards the engineering fields, and selected more general universities, and compares them with similar HEIs in a selected group of developed countries. The analysis indicates that the Czech publication activity in the field of engineering grows. The Czech publications in engineering are cited below the world average which indicates that their impact (and to some extent the quality of the underlying R&D) lags behind the world. The patent activity of the Czech HEIs is on the international scale rather weak. The patenting activity of the Czech HEIs strongly grows since the middle of the last decade. This may by a side effect of the new evaluation methodology which takes into account also the patents. The number of patents registered with the Czech Industrial Property Office increases but on the other hand the international patenting activities tend to stagnate. This gives rise to questions about the real value of the produced patents from the point of their importance for the export competitiveness of the Czech industry.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PROBLEMS AND POSSIBILITIES OF INDUSTRIAL FISH UTILISATION FOR HUMAN CONSUPTION

Ekonomika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Arina Motova ◽  
Tomas Zolubas
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
First Sale ◽  
Total Volume Versus

Fish caught by Lithuanian Baltic Sea fishermen is used for industrial purposes to a relatively large proportion – 60–80 percent of the total volume versus 25–30 percent on the global level. There is no fully developed fishmeal industry in Lithuania, so industrial fish species are disposed of at foreign markets. The first sale prices for fish used for human consumption are higher. It is considered that saling sprats and herrings for human consumption would increase fishermen’s income, create an additional profit and value added. The purpose of the study was to determine the economic reasons why a large portion of Lithuanian landings of Baltic Sea pelagic fish species are used for industrial purposes. The study has shown that the main reasons are unstable, seasonal supply of sorted and good quality raw material and the lack of production sales markets. The authors have investigated the problem and proposed possibilities to increase the use of industrial fish for human consumption in Lithuania.

scholarly journals The impact of foreign markets globalization on the price and functionality of electronic access control systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 07009
Author(s):  
Martin Boroš ◽  
Filip Lenko ◽  
Andrej Velas
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Value Added ◽  
European American ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Access Control System ◽  
Electronic Access ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The research, which is the subject of the paper, is based on the global expansion of the use of electronic access control systems using biometric data for user verification. Due to the globalization of products from foreign markets to Slovakia, there is a competition between suppliers. The disadvantage is that organizations that are considering procuring an electronic access control system focus their attention only on its price. Globalization and global use have neglected the skills gap between European, American, and Asian markets. Purpose of the article: The paper will aim to point out, through a case study, the financial and functional differences of electronic access control systems. In the case study, a comparison of three different systems with the possibility of procurement on the European, American, and Asian markets will be performed on the building - administrative building. Methods: The article will mainly use methods such as the global method and the optimization model of the financial plan. As well as a case study, the cooperation of achieved results and analysis of possibilities of foreign markets. Findings & Value added: The results achieved by the paper will be globally usable in the conditions of European countries. These will be the conclusions of a case study that will point to the appropriateness of choosing an electronic access control system using biometric features in a standard office building. We can also consider the creation of a project budget usable for organizations as one of the added values.

scholarly journals Features of the legal regulation of harvesting wild plants as a type of entrepreneurial activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Aleksandrovna Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Legislative Framework

In addition to timber harvesting, Russian laws also provide for other types of forest management that have a less harmful impact on forest ecosystems. The forests of our country have a high potential for wild forest resources. The demand for this type of product is growing every year. Berries and nuts exported from Russia have gained popularity in foreign markets. This industry is economically and socially significant, and its development will contribute to employment and income growth, regional development, and the creation of an organic market in our country. The legislator considers it necessary to develop and support entrepreneurs engaged in harvesting wild plants. But, to date, this industry is still poorly developed. This is facilitated by an insufficiently developed legislative framework that does not take into account the nuances of this industry, confusion in the powers of state authorities that are responsible for this area of business, the unavailability of state support measures for people engaged in harvesting non-wood forest resources, the complexity of assessing the potential of wild forest food and medicinal resources in the forest area, the complexity of legalizing activities for harvesting and processing wild plants, the lack of funds for deep processing of wild plants, as well as a number of environmental issues, economic and social factors. The article analyzes the problems that are an obstacle to the development of this branch of business in the harvesting of forest food resources and medicinal plants and suggests possible ways to solve them.

scholarly journals Culture in the context of COVID-19: Impact assessment and support measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
V.Yu. Muzychuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Organizations ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Public Aid ◽  
Cultural Sector ◽  
Very High

The article is devoted to the analysis of foreign experience in supporting the cultural sector in the context of the COVID-19, which is characterized by: a complex system and a variety of public aid mechanisms; a priority in supporting freelancers; support of cultural organizations, regardless of the form of ownership and the nature of the activity (non-commercial or commercial); transparency of the conditions for receiving aid for potential recipients and society as a whole. The paper also analyzes the measures of the Russian government to support the domestic cultural sector. The consequences of the pandemic in Russia are not so destructive due to the institutional features associated with the prevalence of the public sector and the existence of contractual relations between employees and cultural organizations. However, there are certain types of occupations where the costs of pandemic are very high (professional musicians, artists, writers, etc.).

Exploring the Heterogeneous Effects of Export Promotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-350
Author(s):  
Marcelo Olarreaga ◽  
Stefan Sperlich ◽  
Virginie Trachsel
Keyword(s):  
Export Promotion ◽  
Export Growth ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Varying Coefficient Model ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Varying Coefficient ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract A semiparametric varying coefficient model is used to explore the heterogeneity in returns to export promotion across countries. Differences in characteristics of export-promotion agencies drive the heterogeneity in returns. Interestingly, characteristics that matter for export growth do not necessarily matter for GDP per capita growth. A 1 percent increase in export-promotion budgets is associated with an average increase in exports of 0.10 percent and an average increase in GDP per capita of 0.06 percent. However, these average returns hide a lot of heterogeneity. Returns in terms of exports vary from 0 percent in Cyprus and Vietnam to 0.22 percent in Portugal. Returns in terms of GDP per capita show less heterogeneity, varying from 0.05 in Malawi to 0.10 percent in Portugal and Nicaragua.

NETWORK ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES OF PRODUCTION OF HIGH-TECH PRODUCTS AS A TOOL OF TECHNOLOGICAL BREAKTHROUGH IN RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
N. M. Abdikeev ◽  
Yu. S. Bogachev ◽  
A. M. Oktiabrskiy
Keyword(s):  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Technological Breakthrough ◽  
Cluster Organization ◽  
Complex Technology

The paper deals with the problems of reforming the organization of the production of high-tech products in Russia. A comparative analysis of the state and significance of these industries in the economies of developed countries and Russia shows the need for reforming the structural organization of production. On the example of the aviation industry, an analysis of the improvement of industrial production was carried out. Evaluation of the effectiveness of relevant measures shows that they contribute to the conservation of closed obsolete business-production models, monopolization of the final integrator in accessing and using investments, low labor productivity and outflow of personnel, lack of effective interaction of the scientific and technological sector with domestic academic university science. This impedes the formation of the competencies necessary to carry out a technological breakthrough and increase the competitiveness of the industry in the global market.The paper presents a model of vertical integration of the technological chain of value added reproduction in the form of network organizational structures of suppliers of modules, units and nodes of the final complex technology based on domestic manufacturers. The paper discusses the benefits of the heliocentric organization of the production of the final complex technology, the cluster organization of the supply of intermediate products (modules, units, nodes). It is shown that the separation of the functions of the final integrator contributes to the distribution of risks along the DVCS. At the same time, the attention of the final integrator is concentrated on the development of the final complex products, the organization of the supplier system and after-sales service. The cluster organization of intermediate production opens up the possibility of its diversification and direct access to investment flows, which stimulates the development of production. The authors have developed mechanisms for ensuring the competence of manufacturers to their functional purposes in the central air traffic control system and the organization of a network management system.

ECONOMIC BASIS OF STRATEGIC FOREST PLANNING

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-234
Author(s):  
Анатолий Петров ◽  
Anatoliy Petrov ◽  
Наталья Прядилина ◽  
Natalya Pryadilina
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Forest Planning ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
The Russian Federation

Currently in Russia there is a need to create a strategic forest planning system : to meet the requirements of the Federal Law № 172-FZ "On the strategic planning in the Russian Federation", to ensure the achievement of specific objectives stated by the Russian government in the "Principles of State Policy in the field of , protection and reproduction of forests in the Russian Federation till 2030 ", based on the new forest law, which takes into account the advanced domestic and foreign experience of legal and normative support of forest relations. According to the authors, the main task of strategic forest planning at the federal level should be the establishment of sectoral and regional priorities. In addition, the distribution of forest resources on the territory of the country requires, along with an assessment of sectoral priorities, justification of the conditions for the effective allocation of industries to economic regions and subjects of the Russian Federation. At the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the forest plan in the format of regional medium-term program for strategic development of the forest sector should be an effective tool that allows not only to achieve the goals and objectives of state policy in the sphere of forest use, reproduction, protection and protection, but also to positively influence the economy of the region and the country generally. It is necessary to form regional strategic planning document on a block (modular) basis in the same way as all plans for social and economic development of the industry at the federal and regional levels are formed. Each activity in it must be targeted, resource-efficient, and also be a subject of external monitoring and control.

The Effect of Export Promotion on Firm-Level Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Munch ◽  
Georg Schaur
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Export Promotion ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Selection Problems ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Tax Distortions ◽  
Level Performance

Most countries promote exports. This paper answers two questions: Does export promotion improve firm performance, and do any benefits outweigh costs? We solve self-selection problems by accounting for an extensive set of firm characteristics. In addition, we distinguish firms that self-selected into promotion services from firms the Danish Trade Council approached based on observed information. We find that export promotion increases sales, value added, employment, and value added per worker. For small firms, summing expenditures on export promotion, subsidies, and tax distortions, the gain in value added is roughly three times higher than the direct costs of export promotion. (JEL D22, F13, F14, L25, L53)

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