scholarly journals Упругопластическое состояние полого шара

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
E. Syomka

Для модели сжимаемого идеального изотропного упругопластического тела рассмотрена задача о полом шаре, на внешнюю и внутреннюю границы которого заданы разные давление и температура. Решается несвязанная задача в рамках теории малых деформаций. Принимается, что полные деформации равны сумме упругих и пластических деформаций, пластические деформации и напряжения связаны соотношениями ассоциированного закона течения. Упругие деформации определяются из соотношений закона Дюамеля–Неймана. Выбирается условие пластичности, не зависящее от первого инварианта тензора напряжений. При определении напряжения и деформации в пластической области рассматривается квазистатический подход, т.е. не указывается закон изменения внешних параметров воздействия (давление и температура на границах шара) до значений, принимаемых при вычислениях. В настоящей работе определены границы изменения перепада давления и температуры, для которых шар будет находиться в упругом состоянии. Установлено, что в зависимости от значений внешних параметров воздействия пластическая зона может зарождаться на внутренней или на внешней границе шара, или на внутренней и внешней границах одновременно, или между границами шара. В качестве примера приведены графики распределений напряжений, деформаций, перемещений, когда пластическая зона занимает некоторую часть, расположенную между внутренней и внешней границей шара. Приводятся графики годографа напряжений, которые являются элементами верификации решения задачи. В настоящей работе учитывается внешнее и внутреннее давление на полый шар, а также температура внешней и внутренней границы шара, что приводит к более общей постановке задачи и необходимости построения разных алгоритмов ее решения. Также определены области изменения внешних параметров, при которых полый шар находится в определенном состоянии. Ключевые слова: упругопластическое тело, теория пластического течения, температурные напряжения, полый шар, допустимые значения внешних параметров, термоупругопластичность, упругопластическая граница, эквивалентное напряжение. The problem of a hollow sphere with different pressure and temperature levels on the external and the internal boundaries has been considered for the model of an ideal compressible isotropic elastic body. An independent problem is solved within the theory of small strains. It is assumed that total deformations are equal to the sum of elastic and plastic deformations, plastic deformations and stresses are related by the relations of the associated flow law. Elastic deformations are determined by their correlation under the DuhamelNeumann law. The plasticity condition which is independent of the first invariant of the stress tensor is considered. In determination of stress and strain in the plastic range a quasi-static approach is considered, that is, the law of changing the external parameters of the action (pressure and temperature at the boundaries of the sphere) to the values assumed in the calculations is not indicated. In this article, the boundaries of the pressure drop and temperature for which the sphere will be in an elastic state are determined. It has been established that depending on the values of the external parameters of the impact, the plastic zone can occur on the inner or outer boundary of the sphere, or on the inner and outer boundaries simultaneously, or between the boundaries of the sphere. As an example, the graphs of the distributions of stresses, deformations, displacements when the plastic zone occupies a certain part located between the inner and outer boundary of the sphere are given. The stress hodograph graphs which are integral elements of verification of the solution of the problem are given. Keywords: elastoplastic body, theory of plastic flow, temperature stresses, hollow sphere, permissible values of external parameters, thermoelastic elasticity, elastic-plastic boundary, equivalent stress.

2010 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Pietrzak ◽  
Roman Szatanik

The paper presents the results of investigations of the effect of impact pressure (in the range of both elastic and plastic deformations) on the parameters of the positron lifetime spectra in PE-UMHW polymer known under the trade mark Chirulen1120. The changes in the long-living component of the positron lifetime spectrum, connected with the annihilation of o-Ps in the pick-off process, are analyzed in dependence on the impact energy. The impact duration in the Charpy’s tests depending on the impact energy was measured, too. The dependencies of the radius of the volume of empty spaces in which the positronium annihilates, on the impact pressure were determined applying the Eldrup-Tao model.


1942 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. A184-A188 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. de Forest ◽  
Greer Ellis ◽  
F. B. Stern

Abstract The use of brittle coatings in stress analysis is discussed in this paper. Particular reference is made to the “Stresscoat” materials and method which can effect quantitative analyses within the elastic range by use of brittle coatings alone. In the plastic range, the flaking off of the coating is shown to be caused by a compression component of strain of about 1 per cent. Graphs and illustrations show the effect of such variables as coat thickness, time of dry, temperature and humidity, creep, and bubbles in the coating. Test procedure is outlined. Application of the method to a part from a high-speed sewing machine shows stress values and correlation of results with fatigue failures. Another application illustrated is a plate, penetrated by a bullet, showing elastic and plastic deformations during the impact loading.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 168781402110094
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Elnasri ◽  
Han Zhao

In this study, we numerically investigate the impact perforation of sandwich panels made of 0.8 mm 2024-T3 aluminum alloy skin sheets and graded polymeric hollow sphere cores with four different gradient profiles. A suitable numerical model was conducted using the LS-DYNA code, calibrated with an inverse perforation test, instrumented with a Hopkinson bar, and validated using experimental data from the literature. Moreover, the effects of quasi-static loading, landing rates, and boundary conditions on the perforation resistance of the studied graded core sandwich panels were discussed. The simulation results showed that the piercing force–displacement response of the graded core sandwich panels is affected by the core density gradient profiles. Besides, the energy absorption capability can be effectively enhanced by modifying the arrangement of the core layers with unclumping boundary conditions in the graded core sandwich panel, which is rather too hard to achieve with clumping boundary conditions.


1956 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharad A. Patel

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the solution of the creep buckling of columns. Instantaneous elastic and plastic deformations, as well as the transient and secondary creep, are considered. Formulae for the critical time at which a column fails are presented for integral values of the exponents appearing in the creep law.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6085
Author(s):  
Victor I. Bolobov ◽  
Il’nur U. Latipov ◽  
Gregory G. Popov ◽  
George V. Buslaev ◽  
Yana V. Martynenko

Consideration of the possibility of transporting compressed hydrogen through existing gas pipelines leads to the need to study the regularities of the effect of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of steels in relation to the conditions of their operation in pipelines (operating pressure range, stress state of the pipe metal, etc.). This article provides an overview of the types of influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of steels, including those used for the manufacture of pipelines. The effect of elastic and plastic deformations on the intensity of hydrogen saturation of steels and changes in their strength and plastic deformations is analyzed. An assessment of the potential losses of transported hydrogen through the pipeline wall as a result of diffusion has been made. The main issues that need to be solved for the development of a scientifically grounded conclusion on the possibility of using existing gas pipelines for the transportation of compressed hydrogen are outlined.


2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar St. Szajna

Abstract The paper presents the application of the finite element method into the modelling of soil arching. The phenomenon plays fundamental role in soil-shell flexible structures behaviour. To evaluate the influence of arching on a pressure reduction, a plain strain trapdoor under a shallow layer of backfill was simulated. The Coulomb-Mohr plasticity condition and the nonassociated flow rule were used for the soil model. The research examines the impact of the internal friction angle and the influence of the backfill layer thickness on the value of soil arching. The carried out analyses indicate that the reduction of pressures acting on a structure depends on the value of the internal friction angle, which confirms the earlier research. For a shallow backfill layer however, the reduction is only a local phenomenon and can influence only a part of the structure.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lina Ran ◽  
Huabin Zhang ◽  
Qingqing Zhang

A semianalytical solution of stress and displacement in the strain-softening and plastic flow zones of a salt cavern is presented. The solution is derived by adopting the large deformation theory, considering the nonlinear Hoek–Brown (H-B) strength criterion. The Romberg method is used to carry out numerical calculation, and then, the large deformation law of displacement is analyzed. The results are compared with those obtained by former numerical methods, and the solutions are validated. The results indicate that the displacement of the plastic zone decreases with the increase in distance away from the salt cavern. Similarly, it decreases with an increase in the geological strength index or running pressure, with the running pressure having a more significant effect on the displacement. It increases with the dilation angle, and the impact degree gradually increases. Compared with the softening parameter, h, of the plastic zone, the flow parameter, f, has little impact on the displacement. The displacement of the plastic zone obviously increased when considering the strain-softening of salt rock. When considering the shear dilation and softening behaviors of salt rock, the analytical solution obtained by employing the experiential regression Hoek–Brown (H-B) criterion, which considers many factors such as the structural characteristics of the salt formation and the rock mass quality, is safer and closer to the actual situation. This study can provide reference for many applications, including but not confined to analyzing the deformation of the surrounding rock of an underground salt cavern storage facility during construction.


2019 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. A87 ◽  
Author(s):  
María E. Camisassa ◽  
Leandro G. Althaus ◽  
Alejandro H. Córsico ◽  
Francisco C. De Gerónimo ◽  
Marcelo M. Miller Bertolami ◽  
...  

Ultra-massive white dwarfs are powerful tools used to study various physical processes in the asymptotic giant branch (AGB), type Ia supernova explosions, and the theory of crystallization through white dwarf asteroseismology. Despite the interest in these white dwarfs, there are few evolutionary studies in the literature devoted to them. Here we present new ultra-massive white dwarf evolutionary sequences that constitute an improvement over previous ones. In these new sequences we take into account for the first time the process of phase separation expected during the crystallization stage of these white dwarfs by relying on the most up-to-date phase diagram of dense oxygen/neon mixtures. Realistic chemical profiles resulting from the full computation of progenitor evolution during the semidegenerate carbon burning along the super-AGB phase are also considered in our sequences. Outer boundary conditions for our evolving models are provided by detailed non-gray white dwarf model atmospheres for hydrogen and helium composition. We assessed the impact of all these improvements on the evolutionary properties of ultra-massive white dwarfs, providing updated evolutionary sequences for these stars. We conclude that crystallization is expected to affect the majority of the massive white dwarfs observed with effective temperatures below 40 000 K. Moreover, the calculation of the phase separation process induced by crystallization is necessary to accurately determine the cooling age and the mass-radius relation of massive white dwarfs. We also provide colors in the Gaia photometric bands for our H-rich white dwarf evolutionary sequences on the basis of new model atmospheres. Finally, these new white dwarf sequences provide a new theoretical frame to perform asteroseismological studies on the recently detected ultra-massive pulsating white dwarfs.


Author(s):  
Javier A Pérez-Castán ◽  
Fernando Gómez Comendador ◽  
Álvaro Rodríguez-Sanz ◽  
Rocío Barragán ◽  
Rosa M Arnaldo-Valdés

Continuous climb operation is an operational concept that allows airlines to perform an optimal departing trajectory avoiding air traffic control segregation requirements. This concept implies the design and integration of air traffic flows for the sake of safety performance. This paper designs a new conflict-detection air traffic control tool based on the blocking-area concept, characterises the conflict probability between air traffic flows and assesses the impact of continuous climb operation integration in a terminal manoeuvring area. In this paper, a conflict is set out by the infringement of vertical and longitudinal separation minima and coincides with the probability of air traffic control tool usage. Moreover, this research discusses two different approaches for the conflict-detection air traffic control tool: a static approach considering nominal continuous climb operations and landing trajectories, and a dynamic approach that assesses 105 continuous climb operations and landing trajectories. Finally, the air traffic control tool is implemented using Palma TMA data and proves that out of 11 intersections (between departing and landing routes), solely 4 generate vertical separation infringements. The conflict probability between continuous climb operations and arrivals is less than 10−5. Except for one intersection, that is roughly 10−2, similar to current air traffic control intervention designed levels. Therefore, results conclude the viability of the conflict-detection air traffic control tool and continuous climb operations integration.


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