Government support for small and medium-sized businesses in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1053-1068
Author(s):  
Natal'ya V. ABRAMCHIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Federal Support ◽  
Point Support ◽  
The Face ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on small and medium-sized businesses' activities. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the measures of regional and federal support for small and medium-sized businesses carried out in St. Petersburg. Methods. For the study, I used general research methods. Results. Considering the problem of survival of small and medium-sized businesses in St. Petersburg in the economic crisis, the article assesses the measures of State aid for economic actors. Conclusions. Despite certain effective measures of public support, the restrictions imposed do not guarantee successful overcoming of the occurred economic recession by small and medium-sized businesses. The most effective options are public selective or pin-point support efforts for small and medium-sized businesses and the variability of restrictive measures.

The impact of economic crisis on mental and physical health in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
S. Tomassi ◽  
M. Ruggeri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Summary Background: The global crisis that began in 2007 has been the most prolonged economic recession since 1929. It has caused worldwide tangible costs in terms of cuts in employment and income, which have been widely recognised also as major social determinants of mental health (1, 2). The so-called “Great Recession” has disproportionately affected the most vulnerable part of society of the whole Eurozone (3). Across Europe, an increase in suicides and deaths rates due to mental and behavioural disorders was reported among those who lost their jobs, houses and economic activities as a consequence of the crisis.

Competition Policy under Economic Crisis

2009 ◽  
pp. 54-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shastitko ◽  
S. Avdasheva ◽  
S. Golovanova
Keyword(s):  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Price Rigidity ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of competition policy under economic crisis is motivated by the fact that competition is a key factor for the level of productivity. The latter, in its turn, influences the scope and length of economic recession. In many Russian markets buyers' gains decline because of the weakness of competition, since suppliers are reluctant to cut prices in spite of the decreasing demand. Data on prices in Russia and abroad in the second half of 2008 show asymmetric price rigidity. At least two questions are important under economic crisis: the 'division of labor' between pro-active and protective tools of competition policy and the impact of anti-crisis policy on competition. Protective competition policy is insufficient in transition economy, especially in the days of crisis it should be supplemented with the well-designed industrial policy measures which do not contradict the goals of competition. The preferable tools of anti-crisis policy are also those that do not restrain competition.

scholarly journals The Prospect of Eurasian Integration After the Great Global Economic Crisis of 2008-2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Vasily Koltashov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
Interstate Cooperation ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Global Economic Crisis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the impact of the great global economic crisis of 2008-2020. on Eurasian integration, the relationship between the old and the new center of global capitalism. An analysis is made of what results, for what reasons and how the further construction of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) will lead in the face of the unfriendliness of Western states and a simultaneous crisis of their strategy in the economy and politics. Namely: the formation of a large continental market, a stable system of interstate cooperation, the implementation of an interethnic protectionist policy that encourages production and consumption within the EAEU. The prospect of such development makes the project attractive for countries outside Eurasia, which leads to the birth of the Eurasian consensus as an international economic and political agenda.This will largely become decisive for the global economic agenda for 2021-2045, that is, for the period of a new upward wave according to N.D. Kondratyev.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF TAX RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-200
Author(s):  
Anton SHEVCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Face ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The theoretical bases of tax risks are considered and the author's approach to interpretation of their essence is offered. The directions of the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on tax revenues to the State Budget of Ukraine have been studied and the factors of intensification of tax risks have been determined. On this basis, scientifically sound recommendations for improving the management of tax risks in Ukraine in the economic crisis. The purpose of the article is to study the areas of intensification of tax risks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the development of scientifically sound proposals for improving the management of tax risks in the face of new challenges for fiscal authorities. Results. The main directions of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tax revenues to the State Budget of Ukraine are assessed. It is proved that the manifestations of the economic crisis are the main factors of intensification of tax risks in Ukraine, which are expressed in significant losses of budget revenues. Ways to optimize the mechanism of VAT refunds and directions of audit of tax benefits in order to minimize tax risks are proposed. The mechanisms of obligatory fiscalization of micro and small business settlements through the introduction of registrars of settlement operations on favorable terms for business owners without the need to hire additional employees are outlined. Possibilities of realization of the project of electronic customs as one of elements of creation of a positive business climate and minimization of tax risks are considered. Perspectives. Promising areas of research may be the study of psychological, administrative, technological, political factors of tax risks in Ukraine.

scholarly journals The Implications of the Recent Economic Crisis on Fertility in Greece

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron Kotzamanis ◽  
Anastasia Kostaki
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Family Policies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Social Security Systems ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Impact

A systematic review of past economic recessions occurred in developed countries confirms that social and economic crises often have serious effects on fertility while, beyond national differentiations, these effects have certain characteristics, e. g. a weak effect on generational fertility;an postponement on the timing of first birth, closely related to a late marriage or union;a close relationship between unemployment and age-specific fertility. The sensitivity of fertility behavior to economic crises is less marked in countries with longstanding family policies and strong social security systems. The recent social and economic recession in Greece took place under different social conditions than many recessions in the past. More women than ever are participating in the labor market, most couples use reliable contraception that enables them to postpone childbearing, while social security and health costs are burdened from the rapidly expanding numbers of elderly. All these factors can affect reproductive decisions and potentially aggravate the negative effects of the recession on fertility. This work, using the latest available official data of Greece, provides an investigation of the impact of the current economic crisis on fertility levels, as well as the evolution of these levels through time.

scholarly journals Digital Subscription Systems in the Face of COVID-19 Crisis: The Case of ‘El Mundo’

Tripodos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 87-102
Author(s):  
Enrique Canovaca de la Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Economic Recession ◽  
Know How ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Media ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Revenue Models ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this article is to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on the income models of the Spanish general inter­est press through an in-depth analysis of the case of ‘El Mundo’. This article shows data about the decline in adver­tising, both in printed and digital for­mats, during the first quarter of 2020 and, more specifically, during March. It also reveals that the media platforms with a previously implemented sub­scription system have gained a signif­icant number of new registrations. Not only is ‘El Mundo’ an example of this trend, but also other newspapers such as ‘Eldiario.es’, ‘Ara’, ‘La Razón’ or ‘La Voz de Galicia’. The reader becomes an alternative to lessen advertising losses at a time of global transformation of the industry towards reader-revenue models. Long-term consequences of a probable economic recession once the pandemic effects are reduced are also considered in the analysis. The article also outlines some key points to ensure the viability of newspaper publishers, such as investing in journalists with relevant sources or profiles that know how to manage new digital businesses. Keywords: COVID-19, press, business, subscriptions and advertising.

scholarly journals Health, employment and recession: the impact of the global crisis on health inequities in New Zealand

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clair Mills
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
Global Crisis ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

New Zealand entered a period of economic recession in early 2008, intensified by the global economic crisis of September 2008. Gross domestic product (GDP) fell consistently during 2008, and that year saw the economy’s worst performance in over a decade (The Treasury, 2010a). Real per capita GDP contracted through 2009 and, despite some market optimism in early 2010, economic indicators remain sluggish. Unemployment rates have risen and remain the highest seen since the last recession in 1997–98. The Treasury recently stated that ‘the current recovery is likely to remain muted relative to past recoveries’ (The Treasury, 2010b). 

scholarly journals A comparison of coupled microeconomic and mental health devastating alterations between low-income and affluent countries afflicted with COVID-19

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Xinxin Chu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: The exponential increase in the rate of individuals’ affliction by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has put extreme strains on health care systems worldwide and has sparked fears of an impending economic recession and mental turmoil. OBJECTIVE: The review discusses the impact of COVID-19 on medical crises in two sections, focusing on the evidence presented from both neuropathological and epidemiological perspectives. First, this paper outlines how countries have implemented containment and appraises its effect on the microeconomy. Second, it highlights how government support for the economic crisis caused by COVID-19 depends on the size of a country’s economy. Third, it attempts to explain how COVID-19 has affected business by explicitly evaluating each industry divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors. Finally, we assert an extended discussion on the challenges and post-pandemic outlook. METHODS: Peer-reviewed studies from inception until 2021 were searched in the Google scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases. RESULTS: Through the imposition of restrictions and lockdown measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic spread, besides arising a broad array of mental health concerns, a drastic drop in liquidity and significant spillover effect across almost all the global economic system has ensued. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 implication on socioeconomic issues and mental wellbeing, as the most devastating sequelae of the current pandemic, is of great importance to curb the infection and deprive post-pandemic sequelae, demanding prompt actions.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of the Financial and Economic Crisis and the COVID-19 Pandemic on the National Labor Market

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
L. Shamileva ◽  
◽  
O. Khandii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Declining Demand ◽  
Social Insecurity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Labor Market

The impact of quarantine restrictions during the global COVID-19 pandemic and the financial and economic crisis on the national labor market was explored in the article. Possible changes in the number of people employed in various sectors of the Ukrainian economy were determined on the basis of estimates of expected production volumes and subject to maintaining the achieved level of labor productivity in previous years. The characteristic was given to the negative trends of declining demand for personnel by industry, construction, services. Metallurgical production, mechanical engineering, electricity production, textile clothing production, production of consumer durables were attributed to the main types of industrial activity, where there are very negative trends in production. The expected amount of layoffs and growth in the number of unemployed was calculated for the crisis period of 2020-2021. The reduction of staff occurred in more than a third of enterprises in construction and services, which is taken into account in the calculations. Three temporal stages of overcoming the economic recession and overcoming the economic consequences of quarantine, which determine the content, nature and depth of social risks in the system of social and labor relations and in the field of employment, were proposed. The sequence of social risks associated with declining business activity, quarantine restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the intensification of the digitalization of the economy and society has been determined. The growth of social insecurity and insufficiency of livelihoods is expected at the first stage, the risks of unemployment persist, the risks of non-compliance of labor supply with educational and professional needs of the labor market, increased labor migration, increased partial and informal employment increase in the second stage; social risks due to the intensity of digitalization increase in the third stage.

EUROPEAN SOCIAL ORDER IN THE FACE OF CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL CRISIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156
Author(s):  
Jerzy BESTRY
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Current Economic Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face

The world is on the eve of change. Current economic recession surprisingly resembles the ”Great Depression” of 1929. The time will show whether the global society has drawn conclusions from the traumatic experiences of the last century. Historia magistra vitae est. In this article, the author makes a prediction concerning European social order based on the analysis of present-day socio-economic events and the circumstances preceding both the current economic crisis and the past one.

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