scholarly journals Tiyoller ve Gıda Sektöründe Kullanımları

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1038
Author(s):  
İnci Cerit ◽  
Aslı Demirer ◽  
Eda Bülbül ◽  
Merve Yaman ◽  
Şeyma Nur Güngör ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Natural Additives

Studies have shown that many of the synthetic additives which are added to food for different purposes have negative impacts on human health. For this reason, researchers have focused on natural additives that can replace with synthetic ones and positively affect health through their various functions. Biothiols have effects on color, taste and aroma in foods. In addition, they possess various functions in the prevention of cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, lung and heart diseases by decreasing oxidative damage with their antioxidant and protective effects. In this review, the studies about thiol contents of food, their functions and the possibilities of using thiols in the food industry instead of synthetic additives have been brought together.

scholarly journals Fucoxanthin, A Xanthophyll from Macro- and Microalgae: Extraction Techniques, Bioactivities and Their Potential Application in Nutra- and Cosmeceutical Industries

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Dedi Noviendri ◽  
Diini Fithriani ◽  
Reno F. Hasrini
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Chaetoceros Gracilis ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer

Some works of literature reported that fucoxanthin has diverse potential benefits for human health. Thus, this review would explain the sources of fucoxanthin, extraction techniques, bioactivities, and its potential application in Nutra- and cosmeceutical industries. Brown algae, such as Padina australis, Undaria pinnatifida; and the microalgae, such as Chaetoceros gracilis, Phaeodactylum tricornutum were sources of fucoxanthin. Then, the chemical structure of this xanthophyll is unique and that confers its biological activities. And then, the extraction process of fucoxanthin from macro- and microalgae is more safe, accessible, and economic, although this xanthophyll can be synthesized chemically. Generally, there are two techniques for the extraction of fucoxanthin, namely liquid solvent (conventional), and supercritical carbon dioxide (non-conventional) extractions. Furthermore, there are some bioactivities of fucoxanthin, including its activities of anticancer, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antioxidant; protective effects of skin, bone, and eyes. Based on in vivo assay of the animal, it has no adverse effects of fucoxanthin supplementation. Therefore, this xanthophyll might be applied in both the Nutra- and cosmeceutical industries. In the future, fucoxanthin and its derivatives would be important for human health, contributing to the beauty industry, and playing an important in the prevention of cancer and the disease related to lifestyle.

Melatonin reduces high levels of lipid peroxidation induced by potassium iodate in porcine thyroid

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Iwan ◽  
Jan Stepniak ◽  
Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Hormone Synthesis

Abstract. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. Under normal iodine supply, calculated physiological iodine concentration in the thyroid is approx. 9 mM. Either potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3) are used in iodine prophylaxis. KI is confirmed as absolutely safe. KIO3 possesses chemical properties suggesting its potential toxicity. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Study aims: to evaluate potential protective effects of melatonin against oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation, LPO) induced by KI or KIO3 in porcine thyroid. Homogenates of twenty four (24) thyroids were incubated in presence of either KI or KIO3 without/with melatonin (5 mM). As melatonin was not effective against KI-induced LPO, in the next step only KIO3 was used. Homogenates were incubated in presence of KIO3 (200; 100; 50; 25; 20; 15; 10; 7.5; 5.0; 2.5; 1.25 mM) without/with melatonin or 17ß-estradiol. Five experiments were performed with different concentrations of melatonin (5.0; 2.5; 1.25; 1.0; 0.625 mM) and one with 17ß-estradiol (1.0 mM). Malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA + 4-HDA) concentration (LPO index) was measured spectrophotometrically. KIO3 increased LPO with the strongest damaging effect (MDA + 4-HDA level: ≈1.28 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) revealed at concentrations of around 15 mM, thus corresponding to physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid. Melatonin reduced LPO (MDA + 4-HDA levels: from ≈0.97 to ≈0,76 and from ≈0,64 to ≈0,49 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) induced by KIO3 at concentrations of 10 mM or 7.5 mM. Conclusion: Melatonin can reduce very strong oxidative damage to membrane lipids caused by KIO3 used in doses resulting in physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid.

PEAS AND PRODUCTS OF ITS PROCESSING OF - NONCONVENTIONAL RAW MATERIAL RESOURCES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.Y. Bolgova ◽  
◽  
N.A. Tarasenko ◽  
Z.S. Mukhametova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
The Rich

Nutrition is an important factor that affects human health. The use of plant proteins as various additives in food production has now been actively developed. The rich chemical composition of pea grains determines the possibility of application in the food industry. Peas are characterized by good assimilability and degree of digestion.

Anthocyanins As Modulators of Cell Redox-Dependent Pathways in Non-Communicable Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1955-1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Speciale ◽  
Antonella Saija ◽  
Romina Bashllari ◽  
Maria Sofia Molonia ◽  
Claudia Muscarà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

: Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs), mostly represented by cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic pulmonary diseases, cancers, and several chronic pathologies, are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, and are mainly related to the occurrence of metabolic risk factors. Anthocyanins (ACNs) possess a wide spectrum of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective and chemopreventive properties, which are able to promote human health. Although ACNs present an apparent low bioavailability, their metabolites may play an important role in the in vivo protective effects observed. : This article directly addresses the scientific evidences supporting that ACNs could be useful to protect human population against several NCDs not only acting as antioxidant but through their capability to modulate cell redox-dependent signaling. In particular, ACNs interact with the NF-κB and AP-1 signal transduction pathways, which respond to oxidative signals and mediate a proinflammatory effect, and the Nrf2/ARE pathway and its regulated cytoprotective proteins (GST, NQO, HO-1, etc.), involved in both cellular antioxidant defenses and elimination/inactivation of toxic compounds, so countering the alterations caused by conditions of chemical/oxidative stress. In addition, supposed crosstalks could contribute to explain the protective effects of ACNs in different pathological conditions characterized by an altered balance among these pathways. Thus, this review underlines the importance of specific nutritional molecules for human health and focuses on the molecular targets and the underlying mechanisms of ACNs against various diseases.

Effects of Minor Compounds of Edible Oils on Human Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1196-1208
Author(s):  
Ramin Ghodsi ◽  
Rahmat Nosrati
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Background: Oils and fats are the densest sources of food energy among food groups. Vegetable oils are constituted predominantly of triglycerides. Due to the importance of edible oils in nutrition, food industry and human health, great attention has been paid to them in recent years. Some minor bioactive constituents in oils include phospholipids, tocols, sterols, carotenoid, chlorophyll, phenols, phylokynon and terpenes. Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine beneficial effects of minor compounds in edible oils on human health. Results: Minor compounds of edible oils that we use daily can produce remarkable results in the prevention and treatment of various diseases like diabetes, inflammation, hypertension, cancer, allergy and central nervous system disorders due to their antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammation, anti-mutagenic, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic properties, among others. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the presence of beneficial minor compounds in oils could have significant impact on the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Therefore, the type of consumed oil can play an important role in human health.

Compounds from Ilex paraguariensis extracts have antioxidant effects in the brains of rats subjected to chronic immobilization stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1172-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Colpo ◽  
Maria Eduarda de Lima ◽  
Marisol Maya-López ◽  
Hemerson Rosa ◽  
Cristina Márquez-Curiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Species Formation ◽  
Lipid And Protein Oxidation ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Immobilization induces oxidative damage to the brain. Ilex paraguariensis extracts (Mate) and their major natural compound, chlorogenic acid (CGA), exert protective effects against reactive oxygen species formation. Here, the effects of Mate and CGA on oxidative damage induced by chronic immobilization stress (CIS) in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum were investigated. For CIS, animals were immobilized for 6 h every day for 21 consecutive days. Rats received Mate or CGA by intragastric gavage 30 min before every restraint session. Endpoints of oxidative stress (levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms of glutathione) were evaluated following CIS. While CIS increased oxidized lipid and carbonyl levels in all brain regions, CGA (and Mate to a lesser extent) attenuated lipid and protein oxidation as compared with control groups. GSH/GSSG balance showed a tendency to increase in all regions in response to stress and antioxidants. Taken together, our results support a protective role of dietary antioxidants against the neuronal consequences of stress.

scholarly journals Dietary resveratrol attenuation of intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage is linked to the alteration of gut microbiota and butyrate in piglets challenged with deoxynivalenol

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueqin Qiu ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Xuefen Yang ◽  
Kaiguo Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression

Abstract Background Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a widespread mycotoxin that induces intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress in humans and animals. Resveratrol (RES) effectively exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, the protective effects of RES on alleviating DON toxicity in piglets and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of RES on growth performance, gut health and the gut microbiota in DON-challenged piglets. A total of 64 weaned piglets [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire), 21-d-old, 6.97 ± 0.10 kg body weight (BW)] were randomly allocated to 4 treatment groups (8 replicate pens per treatment, each pen containing 2 males; n = 16 per treatment) for 28 d. The piglets were fed a control diet (CON) or the CON diet supplemented with 300 mg RES/kg diet (RES group), 3.8 mg DON/kg diet (DON) or both (DON+RES) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Results DON-challenged piglets fed the RES-supplemented diet had significantly decreased D-lactate concentrations and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) mRNA and protein expression, and increased zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNA and protein expression compared with those of DON-challenged piglets fed the unsupplemented diet (P < 0.05). Compared with unsupplemented DON-challenged piglets, infected piglets fed a diet with RES showed significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levelsand increased mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant genes (i.e., GCLC, GCLM, HO-1, SOD1 and NQO-1) and glutamate-cysteine-ligase modulatory subunit (GCLM) protein expression (P < 0.05). Moreover, RES supplementation significantly abrogated the increase in the proportion of TUNEL-positive cells and the protein expression of caspase3 in DON-challenged piglets (P < 0.05). Finally, RES supplementation significantly increased the abundance of Roseburia and butyrate concentrations, while decreasing the abundances of Bacteroides and unidentified-Enterobacteriaceae in DON-challenged piglets compared with DON-challenged piglets alone (P < 0.05). Conclusions RES supplementation improved gut health in DON-challenged piglets by strengthening intestinal barrier function, alleviating intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage, and positively modulating the gut microbiota. The protective effects of RES on gut health may be linked to increased Roseburia and butyrate concentrations, and decreased levels of Bacteroides and unidentified-Enterobacteriaceae.

scholarly journals Oxidative damage, inflammation, genotoxic effect, and global DNA methylation caused by inhalation of formaldehyde and the purpose of melatonin

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 778-789
Author(s):  
Letícia Bernardini ◽  
Eduardo Barbosa ◽  
Mariele Feiffer Charão ◽  
Gabriela Goethel ◽  
Diana Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Global Dna Methylation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Global Methylation ◽  
Protein Thiols

Abstract Formaldehyde (FA) exposure has been proven to increase the risk of asthma and cancer. This study aimed to evaluate for 28 days the FA inhalation effects on oxidative stress, inflammation process, genotoxicity, and global DNA methylation in mice as well as to investigate the potential protective effects of melatonin. For that, analyses were performed on lung, liver and kidney tissues, blood, and bone marrow. Bronchoalveolar lavage was used to measure inflammatory parameters. Lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein carbonyl (PCO), non-protein thiols (NPSH), catalase activity (CAT), comet assay, micronuclei (MN), and global methylation were determined. The exposure to 5-ppm FA resulted in oxidative damage to the lung, presenting a significant increase in TBARS and NO levels and a decrease in NPSH levels, besides an increase in inflammatory cells recruited for bronchoalveolar lavage. Likewise, in the liver tissue, the exposure to 5-ppm FA increased TBARS and PCO levels and decreased NPSH levels. In addition, FA significantly induced DNA damage, evidenced by the increase of % tail moment and MN frequency. The pretreatment of mice exposed to FA applying melatonin improved inflammatory and oxidative damage in lung and liver tissues and attenuated MN formation in bone marrow cells. The pulmonary histological study reinforced the results observed in biochemical parameters, demonstrating the potential beneficial role of melatonin. Therefore, our results demonstrated that FA exposure with repeated doses might induce oxidative damage, inflammatory, and genotoxic effects, and melatonin minimized the toxic effects caused by FA inhalation in mice.

Positive and Negative Impacts of Selenium on Human Health and Phytotoxicity

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-90
Author(s):  
Gyanendra Tripathi ◽  
Dhirendra Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Vishal Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Negative Impacts

scholarly journals Strawberry and Achenes Hydroalcoholic Extracts and Their Digested Fractions Efficiently Counteract the AAPH-Induced Oxidative Damage in HepG2 Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2180 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ariza ◽  
Tamara Forbes-Hernández ◽  
Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez ◽  
Sadia Afrin ◽  
Massimiliano Gasparrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Strawberry fruits are highly appreciated by consumers worldwide due to their bright red color, typical aroma, and juicy texture. While the biological activity of the complete fruit has been widely studied, the potential beneficial effects of the achenes (commonly named seeds) remain unknown. In addition, when raw fruit and achenes are consumed, the digestion process could alter the release and absorption of their phytochemical compounds, compromising their bioactivity. In the present work, we evaluated the protective effects against oxidative damage of nondigested and digested extracts from strawberry fruit and achenes in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. For that purpose, cells were treated with different concentration of the extracts prior to incubation with the stressor agent, AAPH (2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride). Subsequently, intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the percentage of live, dead, and apoptotic cells were determined. Our results demonstrated that all the evaluated fractions were able to counteract the AAPH-induced damage, suggesting that the achenes also present biological activity. The positive effects of both the raw fruit and achenes were maintained after the in vitro digestion process.

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