scholarly journals Association between prenatal care and peripartum and postpartum maternal obstetric complications. endes 2017 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-747
Author(s):  
Angela N. Méndez Pajares ◽  
Estefany J. Morales Mautino ◽  
Willer Chanduví Puicón ◽  
Pedro M. Arango Ochante
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Treatment Objective

Introduction: Obstetric complications are an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, with prenatal control (PNC) being a strategy for their adequate prevention and treatment. Objective: To determine the association between adequate CPN and peripartum and postpartum maternal obstetric complications. Methodology: Quantitative, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical study, based on information from the ENDES 2017-2019. Results: A sample of 41,803 mothers was analyzed, 21,0% and 28,7% had peripartum and postpartum complications respectively, furthermore, it was found that not having a quality NPC (PR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.14-1.27), residing in metropolitan Lima (PR = 1,38; 95% CI = 1,27-1,49) or in the mountains (PR = 1,25; 95% CI = 1,18-1,33), belong to wealth quintile two (PR = 1,13; 95% CI = 1,04-1,22) or three (PR = 1,11; 95% CI = 1,03-1,20), having been attended only by qualified personnel (PR = 1,81; 95% CI = 1,33-2,48) and only in the public sector (PR = 1,48; 95% CI = 1,31-1,68) were associated with a greater possibility of peripartum complications. Not having a quality NPC (PR = 1,28; 95% CI = 1,22-1,33), residing in metropolitan Lima (PR = 1,12; 95% CI = 1,05-1,20) or in the mountains (PR = 1,06; 95% CI = 1,01-1,12), belong to wealth quintile two (PR = 1,13; 95% CI = 1,05-1,20) or three (PR = 1,12; 95% CI = 1,05-1,19) and having received NPC only in the public sector (PR = 1,28; 95% CI = 1,17-1,41) were associated with a greater possibility of postpartum complications. Conclusions: Within the adequate NPC, an association was found between the quality NPC and the peripartum and postpartum maternal obstetric complications.

scholarly journals How far is too far? A nationwide cross-sectional study for establishing optimal hospital access time for Korean pregnant women

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e031882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Young Kwak ◽  
Seung Mi Lee ◽  
Hyun Joo Kim ◽  
Sang Jun Eun ◽  
Won Mo Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Access Time ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Access ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Delivery Unit

ObjectivesAccess to a delivery unit is a major factor in determining maternal morbidity and mortality. However, there is little information about the optimal access time to a delivery unit. This study aimed to establish the optimal hospital access time (OHAT) for pregnant women in South Korea.DesignNationwide cross-sectional study.SettingWe used the National Health Insurance System database of South Korea.ParticipantsWe analysed the data of 371 341 women who had experienced pregnancy in 2013.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAccess time to hospital was defined as the time required to travel from the patient’s home to the delivery unit. The incidence of obstetric complications was plotted against the access time to hospital. Change-point analysis was performed to identify the OHAT by determining a point wherein the incidence of obstetric complications changed significantly. As a final step, the risk of obstetric complications was compared by type among pregnant women who lived within the OHAT against those who lived outside the OHAT.ResultsThe OHAT associated with each adverse pregnancy outcomes were as follows: inadequate prenatal care, 41–50 min; preeclampsia, 51–60 min; placental abruption, 51–60 min; preterm delivery, 31–40 min; postpartum transfusion, 31–40 min; uterine artery embolisation, 31–40 min; admission to intensive care unit, 31–40 min; and caesarean hysterectomy, 31–40 min. Pregnant women who lived outside the OHAT had significantly higher risk for obstetric complications than those who lived within the OHAT.ConclusionsOur results showed that the OHAT for each obstetric complication ranged between 31 and 60 min. The Korean government should take the OHAT under consideration when establishing interventions for pregnant women who live outside OHAT to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.

Public Sector Employment, Quality of Government, and Well-Being: A Global Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 223386592110117
Author(s):  
Robert Davidson ◽  
Alexander Pacek ◽  
Benjamin Radcliff
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Employment Quality ◽  
The Impact

While a growing literature within the study of subjective well-being demonstrates the impact of socio-political factors on subjective well-being, scholars have conspicuously failed to consider the role of the size and scope of government as determinants of well-being. Where such studies exist, the focus is largely on the advanced industrial democracies of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development. In this study, we examine the size of the public sector as a determinant of cross-national variation in life satisfaction across a worldwide sample. Our findings strongly suggest that as the public sector grows, subjective well-being increases as well, conditional on the extent of quality of government. Using cross-sectional data on 84 countries, we show this relationship has an independent and separable impact from other economic and political factors.

Baseline assessment of therapeutic injection practices in Pakistan in 2020: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Syed Sharaf Ali Shah ◽  
Safdar Pasha ◽  
Nikhat Iftikar ◽  
Altaf Ahmed Soomro ◽  
Nazia Farrukh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injection Equipment ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Injection Safety

Objective: To assess the magnitude of the problem of injection safety in public and private health facilities in two districts of Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between October and December 2020 among public and private health facilities of two districts of Pakistan: Gujarat in Punjab and Larkana in Sindh provinces. A convenient sample size of 60 healthcare facilities (30 from each district) was taken due to time and resource constraint. Six data collection tools were used which included structured observations and interviews with injection prescribers and providers based on WHO Revised Tool C, which were finalised after piloting. Results: Reuse of injection equipment was not observed in any of the 60 health facilities. In exit interviews of 120 patients, it was found that 27 (22.5%) patients reported receiving an injection, while 11 (9.2%) were prescribed intravenous (IV) drips. More injections and drips were prescribed in the private sector (n=15; 25.0%) in comparison with the public sector (n=12; 20.0%). Slightly higher proportion of IV drips were prescribed by the private providers when compared to public sector healthcare providers: 6 (10.0%) vs 5 (8.3%) respectively. Most of the prescribers (n=58; 96.7%) reported that patients who attended public and private health facilities demanded injectable medicines. Used syringes and drips were noted to be visible in open containers and buckets for final disposal in 20 (33.3%) assessed health facilities. Continuou...

scholarly journals Evaluation of rational prescribing and dispensing of medicines in Mali

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaya Coulibaly ◽  
Fanta Sangho ◽  
Aboubacar Alassane Oumar
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quality Of Prescribing

Objective: The drug policy of Mali is based on the concept of essential generic drugs. The adoption of generic drugs in a program is often accompanied by irrational use of these drugs precisely because of the availability of these drugs. Thus, this study was initiated to assess the quality of prescribing and dispensing drugs in Mali. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2004 to 2013, the survey was conducted in 20 primary health centers and 20 private pharmacies in three regions of the country. In each of these structures, 30 prescriptions filled at the time of the survey were collected. Results: The average number of drugs per prescription was 3.0 ± 1.3 and 2.4 ± 1.2, respectively, in the public and private sectors. Prescription of drugs under international name was 91.6% in the public sector and 37.2% in the private sector. The public sector prescribed 33.7% of injectable drug against 16.2% in the private sector (p <0.001). The average cost of a prescription was lower in the public sector (3415.3 FCFA or 5.21euros) than in the private sector (7111 FCFA or 10.85 euros).Conclusion: Generic drugs are commonly used in the public, but much less in the private sector. The treatment guidelines are already available, should be introduced interactively to medical practitioners, through visits and intensive supervision by more experienced managers in the hierarchy, it would be likely to improve the quality of prescribing practitioners.

scholarly journals PREVENTIVE MEDICINE DEPARTMENT;

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD AYAZ BHATTI ◽  
MAHMOOD UR RAHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public

Objectives: To measure the current status of preventive activities in civil and military hospitals. To compare the quantum ofpreventive and curative activities in the hospitals. To make recommendations for promotion of preventive activities to reduce the curative burdenfrom the hospitals. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Sampling Technique: Universal sampling. All the major military and publicsector hospitals having bed strength more than 400 in Rawalpindi were included in the study. All the preventive and curative work was taken intoaccount. Methodology: A structured questionnaire was developed and data regarding the quantum of work was collected from all the fourmajor Military and civil hospitals having bed strength more than 400 beds through registers and annual reports of the hospital and was analyzedin the form of frequencies, tabulation, cross tabulation, percentages and was displayed in tables and graphs using SPSS (10.5), Microsoft Exceland calculus. Results: Only seven percent work is preventive and ninety three percent is curative. In the preventive activity MH is marginallyhigher than the rest of the hospitals. In all the hospitals among the preventive activities 31% are antenatal visits, 20 % tetanus toxoid injection,19% BCG, Growth monitoring 13%, Measles injection 11% and family planning 6% in all the hospitals. Ante natal activities in the army sectorhospitals are more prominent 39-44% and also in the public sector 17-26%. Next to the antenatal are tetanus toxoids to pregnant ladies whichrange from 16-35% in military and 16-20 % in the public sector hospitals. Growth monitoring is more efficiently carried out in the RawalpindiGeneral Hospital i.e. 17% while in others 7-12%. Family Planning services are delivered very poorly only 9% in RGH and 6% in DHQ, zero % inCMH and 5% in MH. Measles vaccination is carried out efficiently in DHQ 27%, 11% in RGH and 8% in MH and again poorly 3% in CMH. BCG is27% in DHQ, 20% in MH, 17% in RGH and 10% in CMH. Conclusions: The study show that hospitals are showing very poor performance inpreventive aspect and this is the reason that countries like Pakistan are facing economic burden on the national exchequer and this burden willkeep on increasing if no appropriate action is taken.

scholarly journals MATERNAL SEPSIS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fehmida Parveen Memon ◽  
Majida Khan ◽  
Samya Aijaz
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Maternal Sepsis

Objectives: To determine the thrombocytopenia as marker of maternal sepsis and its related maternal morbidity and mortality at tertiary care Hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Gynaecological and Obstetrical department of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Period: 6 months from March 2017 to August 2017. Material and Methods: All the pregnant females with diagnosis of sepsis were enrolled in the study. All the females with chronic hepatitis were excluded. After complete clinical examination every women underwent 5cc blood sample for complete blood picture. Thrombocytopenia was characterized as a platelet count below 150.000/mm3. Data regarding maternal mortality and maternal complications was filled in the proforma. Results: Total 120 septic mothers were included in the study, 70 patients had thrombocytopenia and 50 were with normal platelets. Most of the women 71.7% were with age groups of 20-30 years. Out of total women 65.0% were un-booked. According to the maternal morbidity, septic shock was most common 36.7%, multi-organ failure was in 08.3%, prolonged Hospital stay was in 16.7%, ICU admission occurred in 18.3% patients, while renal failure, respiratory failure, hepatic failure, coagulopathy and metabolic acidosis were found with percentage of 09.2%, 02.5%, 10.8%, 10.8% and 03.3% respectively. Mortality rate was found among 8.3% out of total cases. Almost all complications were higher among women with thrombocytopenia as compare to women with normal platelets level, while statistically p-value was quite insignificant. Mortality was significantly high among patients with thrombocytopenia p-value 0.032. Conclusion: It was concluded that thrombocytopenia is a good marker for adverse outcome among septic mothers. Maternal morbidity and mortality was higher among septic women with thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals Engaging stakeholders for improved IAM implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-355
Author(s):  
A. Malm ◽  
G.-M. Löfdahl
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Applicable Knowledge ◽  
Infrastructure Asset Management

Abstract There are major challenges for water infrastructure asset management in the public sector of Sweden. Necessary intensity of reinvestments is too low and simultaneously stakeholders find it difficult to source qualified personnel. By implementing comprehensive methods such as Infrastructure Asset Management (IAM) processes, efficiency can be improved and to some extent can compensate for lack of human and economic resources. The Mistra InfraMaint research programme is building and disseminating knowledge of sustainable, effective and efficient maintenance of infrastructure. Involving stakeholders is found to be effective to transfer the research into practice. The cooperation between researchers and stakeholders has already started the application phase, giving the opportunity to meet, get to know each other and discuss the importance and priorities. For further in depth involvement of stakeholders, six of the PhD students are industrial PhD students, situated within the municipal companies' organisations. Also, the competence building parts of the programme will be done in co-creation with the stakeholders. In the coming years, Mistra InfraMaint will contribute with innovative and applicable knowledge, and increase utilization of new technologies, approaches and methods. Dissemination of the results will lead to increased competence and contribute to better IAM within relevant organisations.

scholarly journals Violence against the Brazilian elderlies: an analysis of hospitalizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 777-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Carla de Castro ◽  
Leidyani Karina Rissardo ◽  
Lígia Carreira
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Old Men

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the prevalence of physical aggression and neglect and abandonment in the hospitalizations of Brazilian elderly people for violence and assault from 2008 to 2013 and the association of these causes with socio-demographic variables related to hospitalization. Method: quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study with elderlies hospitalized for assault. Inclusion criteria: to be 60 years old or over, to have been hospitalized in the Unified Health System (SUS) for assault or neglect and abandonment, between 2008 and 2013. The data were collected in February 2016, in Datasus database and descriptive and inferentially, using the Chi-square distribution, in the Epi Info 3.5.4 program. Results: the prevalence of hospitalizations due to assaults and violence prevailed among 60 and 69 years old men in the public sector. For abandonment and neglect, there was a higher prevalence in women, over 80 years old, in the public sector. Conclusion: nurses must be able to identify and prevent violence against the elderly.

scholarly journals The extent of debt financing within state-owned corporations in Kenya

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 895-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micah Odhiambo Nyamita ◽  
Nirmala Dorasamy ◽  
Hari Lall Garbharran
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Agency Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
Debt Financing ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Reforms

The public sector reforms’ programme in Kenya, has witnessed five state-owned corporations being privatised, and several more, from hotels to banks, have been scheduled to be privatised. However, many of Kenya’s state-owned corporations are in considerable debt, which reduce their value in the process of privatisation. This study attempted to determine the extent and the theory suitable for explaining debt-financing within the state-owned corporations in Kenya from 2007 to 2011. The study applied both descriptive statistics and a hybrid of cross sectional and longitudinal quantitative surveys. The results observed some level of stability on the aggregate long-term debt ratios, with minimal use of stock market instruments, which implied the application of the agency theory.

scholarly journals Building people up: Leadership and employee resilience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Esmé Franken
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Face ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Five Phases

<p>This mixed method research, in the area of HR and leadership, explores leadership behaviours that foster employee resilience. Resilience is a key capacity in contexts where job demands and challenges are often dynamic and complex, such as in the public sector. This research uses a contemporary definition of resilience, one that views employee resilience as a set of behaviours that help people grow and develop in their jobs, even in the face of challenges. Two questions guide this research: 1. What leadership behaviours enable employee resilience in the public sector?, and 2. How do these behaviours enable employee resilience? This study is situated in the public sector context.  The research consists of five phases. The first phase was a cross-sectional survey of public servants’ views on whether paradoxical leadership behaviours, mediated by perceptions of organisational support, might foster resilience. These connections reflect the correspondence between paradoxical leadership and the dilemmas and paradoxes that arise in public sector work. Phases two and three concerned a series of qualitative studies which identified further leadership behaviours, as well as possible mechanisms and outcomes, and generated an explanatory framework to illustrate how managers can enable employee resilience. This led to the development of the construct resilience-enabling leadership. Phase four gathered feedback on the construct’s validity so that it could be tested quantitatively in a scale. The fifth and final phase tested the resilience-enabling leadership scale (RELS) as a predictor of resilience. It also tested psychometric properties of the scale, including factor structure, and discriminant and convergent validity.  Findings show that a unique combination of leadership behaviours that foster growth, trust and collaboration in employees, is likely to play a pivotal role in developing employee resilience. The RELS is an innovative contribution to organisational scholarship. It represents a leadership model that recognises the changing nature of leadership and responds to the development needs of employees.</p>

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