scholarly journals Features of the Bashkir vocalism system

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
L. K. Ishkildina
Keyword(s):  
Literary Language ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Historical Processes

The article describes the features of the system of vowels of the Bashkir language. The historiography of the study of Bashkir vocalism is briefly presented. The first classifications of M. M. Bilyalov (1928) and N. K. Dmitriev (1948). Traditionally, in the modern Bashkir literary language, there are nine primordial vowel phonemes: [a], [o], [y], [i], [e], [ә], [ө], [ү], [y]. In addition to the primordial vowel phonemes, borrowed vowels [o], [e], [s] in such words as shop, antenna, factory, motor, music, rear, etc. function in the Bashkir language. The main content of the article is devoted to historical processes that occurred in the phonetic system of the Bashkir language. In the process of evolution, the system of vowels of the Bashkir language has undergone a transformation from the pre-Turkic period - the expansion of narrow and narrowing wide: * i> e, * e> a d, * o> u, * u> o, * ö> ү, * ü> ө. Scientists have various theories on this issue. The transformations affected not all vowels of the Bashkir language, for example, the vowels “a” and “s” practically did not change: * a> a, ә, * ï> s. The phoneme [ә] has various paths of origin. The article also describes the main allophones of the phoneme [a]: labialized and pharyngalized variants. It should be noted that in the dialects of the Bashkir language different degrees of bluntness “a” are realized: from moderate labialization to full transition to “o”. Regarding the origin of the labialized a°, scientists express various hypotheses: some consider it the heritage of the Bulgarian language, others consider the Finno-Ugric (Mari). In our opinion, one thing is clear that the Bashkirs “acquired” labialization in the Urals. The phonetic phenomena of the modern Bashkir language associated with the system of vowels: synharmonism, reduction, prosthesis, epenthesis, elision are presented in theses.

scholarly journals Representation of Natural Codes in the Individual Author’s Style of P.P. Bazhov (Exemplified by the Concept “Zoloto” (“Gold”))

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Daria Shchukina ◽  
◽  
Lyubov Stepanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Precious Metal ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
The Individual

The article states the investigation results and highlights the peculiarities of natural codes representation in the tales (skazy) by P.P. Bazhov through the analysis of concept "zoloto" ("gold") and the associated concepts in contrast with the data from lexicographic sources of modern Russian literary language. The tales (skazy) by the Ural writer were used as the research material. As a result of the analysis, the features of the etymological, basic, associative levels of the concept "zoloto" ("gold") were revealed in the individual author's discourse of P. Bazhov. It has been found out that etymological level of the studied concept is represented by the meaning "precious metal of yellow colour" both in the Russian literary language and in the individual author's discourse of the Ural writer. Some denotative meanings recorded in the Russian literary language are revealed not to actualize in Bazhov's discourse. The differences in the associative level of the concept reflected in the writer's tales and in the minds of the speakers of the Russian literary language are determined. The appearance of additional regionally marked meanings is caused by natural, cultural, professional activities of the inhabitants of the Urals tightly connected with the extraction and processing of precious stones and metals, as well as the regional mythology. The practical significance of the research lies in the development of a system of theoretical knowledge about the concept structure, and the identification of regionally marked meanings of the conceptual sphere of P. Bazhov's individual author's discourse.

scholarly journals Terminological aspects of research of traditional culture of Urals-Volga peoples

2019 ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Татьяна Григорьевна Владыкина
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Spiritual Culture ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Historical Processes

Разные сферы традиционной культуры (календарной и семейной обрядности, мифологических и космологических представлений и т.д.) - важный источник для исследования духовной культуры любого народа. Регион Урало-Поволжья сегодня - один из сложнейших в смысле этнической «многоголосицы», сложившейся в результате взаимовлияния тюркских и финно-угорских народов с непосредственным воздействием славяно-русского компонента. Тезаурус обрядовой культуры, фрагментов этнической картины мира народов Урало-Поволжья - яркое отражение социально-исторических процессов, языкового богатства каждого народа. Сравнительно-сопоставительный аспект в его исследовании - дополнительный аргумент обогащения информации об этнической культуре и использования данных как в сфере народного образования, так и в культурно-досуговой деятельности. The terminology of different spheres of traditional culture (calendar and family ritualism, mythological and cosmological ideas etc.) is an important source for the research of spiritual culture of any people. Nowadays the Urals-Volga Region is one of the most complicated ones in terms of ethnical “polyphony” arising from interaction between Turkic and Finn-Ugric peoples with direct influence of Slavic and Russian component. Thesaurus of ritual culture, of fragments of ethnic global overview of the Urals-Volga peoples is the bright image of social-historical processes, linguistic wealth of each people. The research comparative aspect is an additional proof to enrich the database about ethnical culture and their usage both in public education and in cultural-leisure activity

Katherine Mansfield and Translation

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Katherine Mansfield ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Critical Interest

Our understanding of Anglophone modernism has been transformed by recent critical interest in translation. The central place of translation in the circulation of aesthetic and political ideas in the early twentieth century has been underlined, for example, as well as translation’s place in the creative and poetic dynamics of key modernist texts. This volume of Katherine Mansfield Studies offers a timely assessment of Mansfield’s place in such exchanges. As a reviewer, she developed a specific interest in literatures in translation, as well as showing a keen awareness of the translator’s presence in the text. Throughout her life, Mansfield engaged with new literary texts through translation, either translating proficiently herself, or working alongside a co-translator to explore the semantic and stylistic challenges of partially known languages. The metaphorical resonances of translating, transition and marginality also remain key features of her writing throughout her life. Meanwhile, her enduring popularity abroad is ensured by translations of her works, all of which reveal sociological and even ideological agendas of their own, an inevitable reflection of individual translators’ readings of her works, and the literary traditions of the new country and language of reception. The contributions to this volume refine and extend our appreciation of her specifically trans-linguistic and trans-literary lives. They illuminate the specific and more general influences of translation on Mansfield’s evolving technique and, jointly, they reveal the importance of translation on her literary language, as well as for her own particular brand of modernism.

European Integration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann P. Arnason
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes ◽  
The Eu

Different understandings of European integration, its background and present problems are represented in this book, but they share an emphasis on historical processes, geopolitical dynamics and regional diversity. The introduction surveys approaches to the question of European continuities and discontinuities, before going on to an overview of chapters. The following three contributions deal with long-term perspectives, including the question of Europe as a civilisational entity, the civilisational crisis of the twentieth century, marked by wars and totalitarian regimes, and a comparison of the European Union with the Habsburg Empire, with particular emphasis on similar crisis symptoms. The next three chapters discuss various aspects and contexts of the present crisis. Reflections on the Brexit controversy throw light on a longer history of intra-Union rivalry, enduring disputes and changing external conditions. An analysis of efforts to strengthen the EU’s legal and constitutional framework, and of resistances to them, highlights the unfinished agenda of integration. A closer look at the much-disputed Islamic presence in Europe suggests that an interdependent radicalization of Islamism and the European extreme right is a major factor in current political developments. Three concluding chapters adopt specific regional perspectives. Central and Eastern European countries, especially Poland, are following a path that leads to conflicts with dominant orientations of the EU, but this also raises questions about Europe’s future. The record of Scandinavian policies in relation to Europe exemplifies more general problems faced by peripheral regions. Finally, growing dissonances and divergences within the EU may strengthen the case for Eurasian perspectives.

‘Imagined San Francisco’: Unpacking Urban Regime Theory through Interactive Cartography

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-143
Author(s):  
Ocean Howell
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Regime Theory ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Urban Regime Theory ◽  
Digital Mapping ◽  
Urban Regime ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The City ◽  
Interactive Cartography

American urban historians have begun to understand that digital mapping provides a potentially powerful tool to describe political power. There are now important projects that map change in the American city along a number of dimensions, including zoning, suburbanization, commercial development, transportation infrastructure, and especially segregation. Most projects use their visual sources to illustrate the material consequences of the policies of powerful agencies and dominant planning ‘regimes.’ As useful as these projects are, they often inadvertently imbue their visualizations with an aura of inevitability, and thereby present political power as a kind of static substance–possess this and you can remake the city to serve your interests. A new project called ‘Imagined San Francisco’ is motivated by a desire to expand upon this approach, treating visual material not only to illustrate outcomes, but also to interrogate historical processes, and using maps, plans, drawings, and photographs not only to show what did happen, but also what might have happened. By enabling users to layer a series of historical urban plans–with a special emphasis on unrealized plans–‘Imagined San Francisco’ presents the city not only as a series of material changes, but also as a contingent process and a battleground for political power.

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEMS OF ISLAM IN THE XXI CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
MAKSIM SHKVARUN ◽  
◽  
SEJRAN ISKENDEROV
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Short History ◽  
Active Stage ◽  
Terrorist Organizations ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the research is the degree of influence of Sunni and Shi’ism on political processes in Arab countries. The object of the research is Islam as the legal basis of the state. The authors examine in detail such aspects of the topic as the historical analysis of the origin of Islam, the reasons for the division of Islam into Sunnis and Shiites, a comparative analysis of the two branches of Islam, the peculiarities of the legal schools of Islam, the interaction of Sunnis and Shiites with state power. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of interpretations (kalams) of the Qur’an and Sunnah. The study is fundamental and is aimed at the historical and political analysis of Islam in the XXI century. The relevance of this topic is confirmed by numerous studies of the described problems. The main conclusions of the study are that one of the key problems in the Arab states is the issue of the origin of power, which remains relevant even in the XXI century. The authors’ special contribution to the study of the topic is the hypothesis that the radicalism of Islam is associated with its short history in comparison with Christianity. Thus, Islam in the XXI century. is still at an active stage of formation, which leads to the emergence of Islamic terrorist organizations. The novelty of this scientific study lies in the consideration of historical processes in the political discourse of the XXI century.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document