scholarly journals Challenges in the setting of coronavirus 2019: A review of disease and experience from delta state university teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Esaba Akpo ◽  
Jude O. Uchendu ◽  
Cletus I. Otene ◽  
Joyce E. Ikubor ◽  
Peter V. Orugbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
State University ◽  
Health Care Infrastructure ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Financial Base ◽  
Manpower Needs

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in December 2019 and declared a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization. Countries with advanced technology and huge financial base are finding it difficult to curtail the COVID-19 spread and its attendant morbidity and mortality. Spread of the disease to the African Sub-Region became fearful because poor health-care facilities and manpower needs due to the majorly dilapidated health-care infrastructure, considering the mortality tables from other more advanced nations. To adequately prepare the manpower and avoid strain on the workforce before the incidence of disease peaks, there was a massive re-training of health-care personnel and the workforce routine schedule re-designed. This paper reviews the disease and highlights the challenges in our setting toward combating the coronavirus 2019 disease.

scholarly journals Hospital knowledge and practice of doctors and nurses regarding hand hygiene in a survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Impact

INTRODUCTION. The guidelines issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2009 regarding hand hygiene (HH) in health care provided health care professionals with scientific evidence that argued that HH principles should be respected when dealing with patients. Despite the passage of years and strenuous attempts to introduce these recommendations to the Polish health care facilities for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAI), these principles are still not being implemented in an optimal way for the patient’s safety. OBJECTIVE OF WORK. The aim was to examine the views and attitudes of physicians (L) and nurses (P) towards the WHO rules of hand hygiene. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study was performed by means of a diagnostic survey using a questionnaire of our own design; random sampling was used. The study involved 231 LP: 173 (74.9%) women, 58 (25.1%) men, including 93 (40.3%) doctors and 138 (59.7%) nurses. The study was conducted in a multiprofile hospital in Małopolska in 2017. The difference between what the respondents think (their views) and what they do in reality (what attitudes they display) was examined in relation to WHO principles, such as wearing natural short nails and jewelry on their hands. RESULTS. Negative practice of observing these HH principles in relation to views was detected (R = -0.014, p<0.05, R2 = 0.016). Respondents supported the view that the ring could affect HAI and rarely used it in practice, the practice was positive (R = 0.298, p <0.001, R2 = 0.085). Women strongly emphasized the view that wearing long nails has an impact on HAI spread, but in practice they often declared keeping long nails, practice was negative (R = -0.241, p <0.01, R2 = 0.054). In response to the question about the impact of nail painting on the spread of HAI, this view was poorly represented, in practice some of them wore painted nails, the practice was negative (R = -0.226, p <0.01, R2 = 0.045). CONCLUSION. Despite high support for the principles of hand hygiene, in practice, these principles were not always respected, the impact on the practice was negative in areas such as: general adherence to the HH principles, wearing long and painted nails. The compatibility of views with practice was detected in relation to wearing a wedding ring.

scholarly journals Prevalence of post-operative anaemia in surgical patients at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Kalio DGB ◽  
Eli S ◽  
Okagua KE ◽  
Allagoa DO
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
State University ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Work Up

Background: Post-operative anaemia is often a reflection of pre-operative pre-operative work-up and pre-operative anaemia. In addition. Post-operative anaemia is also determined by co-morbidities of patients prior to surgery. The prevalence of post-operative anaemia varies based on surgical specialties and the experience of the surgeon; prevalence rates as high as 85% have been recorded in orthopaedic surgeries. Aim: To determine the prevalence of post-operative anaemic in surgical patients at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH). Method: This was a six months cross sectional study of the post-operative anaemia of patients who had operation at the Surgery and Obstetrics/Gyaecology departments of The Rivers State University Teaching Hospital. The permission for the study was granted by the head of department of obstetrics and gynaecology in conjunction with the head of .the hospital management. The yard stick for anaemia was packed cell volume less than 33% in line with the World Health Organization (WHO). A structured proforma was used to obtain information from patient’s case notes and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Result: Three hundred and eigthy subjects were recruited for the study. Males subjects were 150 (39.5%) while females were 230 (60.5%) respectively. The mean age was 31 years. One hundred and ninety nine (52.4%) were obstetrics and gynaecological surgeries while 181 (47.6 %) were non-gynaecological surgeries. The commonest indication for surgery was caesarean section representing 130 (34.2%) of the subjects. Two hundred and sixty six of the subjects (70%) had PCV less than 33%. One hundred and fifty two (40%) women had PCV less than 33% while 114 (30%) of the men had PCV less than 33%. Conclusion: The study revealed that prevalence of post-operative anaemia amongst surgical patients at RSUTH was 70 %. The post-operative anaemia amongst women was worrisome. The need to optimize patients prior to surgery cannot be over-emphasized to prevent morbidities and mortalities post-operative.

scholarly journals A Review of Asymptomatic and Subclinical Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Grant ◽  
Mamunur Rahman Malik ◽  
Amgad Elkholy ◽  
Maria D Van Kerkhove
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Middle East ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
The World ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The epidemiology of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) since 2012 has been largely characterized by recurrent zoonotic spillover from dromedary camels followed by limited human-to-human transmission, predominantly in health-care settings. The full extent of infection of MERS-CoV is not clear, nor is the extent and/or role of asymptomatic infections in transmission. We conducted a review of molecular and serological investigations through PubMed and EMBASE from September 2012 to November 15, 2018, to measure subclinical or asymptomatic MERS-CoV infection within and outside of health-care settings. We performed retrospective analysis of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV infections reported to the World Health Organization to November 27, 2018, to summarize what is known about asymptomatic infections identified through national surveillance systems. We identified 23 studies reporting evidence of MERS-CoV infection outside of health-care settings, mainly of camel workers, with seroprevalence ranges of 0%–67% depending on the study location. We identified 20 studies in health-care settings of health-care worker (HCW) and family contacts, of which 11 documented molecular evidence of MERS-CoV infection among asymptomatic contacts. Since 2012, 298 laboratory-confirmed cases were reported as asymptomatic to the World Health Organization, 164 of whom were HCWs. The potential to transmit MERS-CoV to others has been demonstrated in viral-shedding studies of asymptomatic MERS infections. Our results highlight the possibility for onward transmission of MERS-CoV from asymptomatic individuals. Screening of HCW contacts of patients with confirmed MERS-CoV is currently recommended, but systematic screening of non-HCW contacts outside of health-care facilities should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Supportive supervision as an effective intervention in improving water, sanitation and hygiene facilities in government health facilities of Tamil Nadu

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudharshini Subramaniam ◽  
T. S. Selvavinayagam
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Supportive Supervision ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) is one of the important components of Sustainable Development Goals which is essential for achieving any global health-related goals. WASH in health care facilities is prioritized as a necessary input to achieve health goals. Supportive Supervision has been established as an effective intervention in improving the performance of health care workers. This paper evaluates the role of supportive supervision in improving WASH facilities in the health care facilities of high priority districts of Tamil Nadu.Methods: The effectiveness of supportive supervision in improving WASH facilities was assessed through a pre-post experimental research design. World Health Organization proposed steps were followed while planning for the supportive supervision. Supervisory visits were made using checklists in all secondary level public health facilities in 7 High Priority Districts which were chosen based on the preliminary WASH survey conducted by UNICEF. The same health facilities were revisited after 3 months and supervised using the same checklist.Results: In the first supervisory visit, 41.6% of the health facilities (57 out of 137 facilities) were non- functional in terms of WASH score, while only 5.8% (8 out of 137 facilities) were fully functional. In the second visit, proportion of non- functional facilities had dropped from 41.6% to 7.3% and there has been an increase in the partially functional (52.6% to 71.5%) and fully functional facilities (5.8% to 21.2%) which was found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Supportive supervision was able to show a significant improvement in the WASH facilities in all types of facilities. 

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Present Scenario and a Steep Climb Ahead

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272093940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimesh Pal ◽  
Urmila Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Care Infrastructure ◽  
Health Organization

Amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, India has witnessed a massive surge of cases in the past 3 weeks. As of April 30, 33 610 confirmed cases and 1075 deaths have been reported from 32 states/union territories in India. Apart from the nationwide lockdown, India has increased its testing rate and has markedly strengthened the health care sector to combat COVID-19. With India’s population of more than 1.3 billion people at a significant population density compared with the rest of the world, the lack of universal access to clean water and overall poor socioeconomic status, all have posed a major challenge to India’s fight against COVID-19. Failure to contain the pandemic in India could have disastrous consequences with widespread cases and thousands of deaths that could easily overwhelm the health care infrastructure. Unabated spread of the pandemic could make India the next COVID-19 hotspot; hence the World Health Organization has recently stated that the “future of the pandemic will depend on how India handles it.” Here, we have summarized the present scenario of the pandemic in India and the myriad challenges being faced by the country in its fight against COVID-19.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from water used in health-care centers of Ekiti State University and environ

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Adebowale Odeyemi ◽  
Paul Omorovie
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
State University

The quality of water samples obtained from the health-care center in the Ekiti State University and three other centers around the campus; Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital (EKSUTH), Iworoko-Ekiti health Centre (IHC) and the State Hospital, Ikole-Ekiti (SHI) were investigated by analyzing the total bacterial count using pour plate method; the incidence and antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis as water quality indicator was enumerated using selective isolation and disk diffusion method respectively. The mean TBC, TCC and TEC of all the water samples ranged from 9.1 x 102 to 17.4 x 103 CFU/ml, 4.1 x 102 to 5.5 x 103 CFU/ml and 0.4 x 102 to 0.4 x 103 CFU/ml respectively. A total of 70 (32.9%) Enterococcus faecalis were recovered from the water samples from Iworoko HC, which showed highest distribution in bore-hole and well water samples while least frequency of E. faecalis (15.7%) was recovered from EKSU HC. However, no incidence of E. faecalis in table water obtained from all the health-care facilities. Just 35% of 20 selected E. faecalis were caseinase producers while 80% of the isolates were biofilm producers. All the isolates were resistant to cefuroxime, cefixime, augmentin and ceftazidine while only 10% of them were resistant to ofloxacin. 58.6% of the isolates showed MAR to eight (8) antibiotics with three different resistotypes while only 1.4% of them showed MAR to four (4) antibiotics with just one resistotype (CRX-CXM-AUG-CAZ). Only E. faecalis15 among the selected isolates possessed two plasmids with molecular weight of 1.415bp and 13.535bp. However, consumption of contaminated water traceable to faecal sources and plasmid mediated of the causative microbes would be discussed.

scholarly journals Common Presenting Complaints and Predisposing Factors among Adult Ophthalmic Patients with Low Vision and Blindness in Aba

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
O. A. I. Otuka ◽  
N. C. Ekeleme ◽  
L. I. Eweputanna ◽  
E. C. Iwuoha ◽  
J. N. Ubah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
State University ◽  
Diagnostic Data ◽  
Health Organization

Aim: To determine the common complaints and predisposing factors of low vision and blindness among adult ophthalmic patients in Abia State University Teaching Hospital, (ABSUTH), Aba, Nigeria. Study Design: A retrospective, descriptive study. Methodology: An institutional-based study involving 457 patients who attended Abia State University Teaching Hospital eye clinic between April and September 2018 was undertaken. The patients’ biodata, clinical history, ophthalmic examination findings, and results of ancillary investigations were obtained from patients’ hospital records within the period under study and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. AP-value of < 0.05 was taken to be statistical significant. Result: A total of 457 patients comprising of 206 males and 251 females, aged 18-85 years were seen in the study period. Based on World Health Organization (WHO)’s definition of low vision and blindness, two hundred and eighty-four (62.1%) patients had normal vision, 25(5.5%) patients had low vision while 32(7%) patients were blind. The most common complaint was blurring of vision, 136 (23.5%) followed by itching of the eye, 91 (15.7%) and tearing, 86 (14.9%). Forty percent of the respondents’ complaints had lasted for over 12 months before presentation at the clinic. Common predisposing factors for low vision and blindness observed in this study were hypertension (24.1%), previous drug use (5%), previous use of traditional medication (1.3%) and family ocular history (3.7%). No statistically significant association was found between diagnostic data and family ocular history, previous use of traditional medication and previous drug use. Statistically, significant relationship was found between diagnostic data and blood pressure (P< 0.001). Conclusion: There are various presentations of low vision and blindness in Aba. Routine eye check, early referral and appropriate treatment is advocated for the populace.

The Great Awakening - Digitalization in Dental Healthcare during the pandemic COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 380-384
Author(s):  
Priyanka Paul Madhu ◽  
Yojana Patil ◽  
Aishwarya Rajesh Shinde ◽  
Sangeeta Kumar ◽  
Pratik Phansopkar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Record System ◽  
The World

disease in 2019, also called COVID-19, which has been widely spread worldwide had given rise to a pandemic situation. The public health emergency of international concern declared the agent as the (SARS-CoV-2) the severe acute respiratory syndrome and the World Health Organization had activated significant surveillance to prevent the spread of this infection across the world. Taking into the account about the rigorousness of COVID-19, and in the spark of the enormous dedication of several dental associations, it is essential to be enlightened with the recommendations to supervise dental patients and prevent any of education to the dental graduates due to institutional closure. One of the approaching expertise that combines technology, communications and health care facilities are to refine patient care, it’s at the cutting edge of the present technological switch in medicine and applied sciences. Dentistry has been improved by cloud technology which has refined and implemented various methods to upgrade electronic health record system, educational projects, social network and patient communication. Technology has immensely saved the world. Economically and has created an institutional task force to uplift the health care service during the COVID 19 pandemic crisis. Hence, the pandemic has struck an awakening of the practice of informatics in a health care facility which should be implemented and updated at the highest priority.

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