Perennial grasses as means to improve land productivity in the semi-desert of the Caspian Sea region

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
В.И. Буянкин ◽  
М.В. Назарова
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Land Cultivation ◽  
West Kazakhstan ◽  
Sustainable Landscape ◽  
Landscape Formation ◽  
Positive Effect

Объектом исследований являлись посевы многолетних трав 15- и 18-летнего возраста в Западно-Казахстанской (Казахстан) и Волгоградской областях соответственно и режимы выпадения атмосферных осадков по полупустынной зоне за 22 года. Атмосферные осадки и характер их выпадения в полупустынной зоне определяют продуктивность пашни. Поэтому структура сельскохозяйственных угодий и посевов служит основным механизмом формирования экологически сбалансированных агролесоландшафтов. Продуктивность сельскохозяйственных угодий повышается при увеличении удельного веса посевных площадей кормовых культур, в т.ч. многолетних трав, за счёт проведения культуртехнических работ. Осеннее чизелевание дернины и азотные подкормки обеспечивают долголетие (15–20 лет) и высокую продуктивность (2,6–2,8 т/га сена) многолетних трав при рентабельности 88–122%. В целом в полупустынной зоне под многолетние травы выделяется лишь 5,8% обрабатываемой пашни. Проблема рационального землепользования успешно решается предприятиями Палласовского муниципального района на площади 124,1 тыс. га. В структуре пашни под многолетние травы отводится 22,2%, под зерновые и технические — 55,3% и под чистые пары — 21,5%. Сложившаяся структура пашни обеспечивает потребность в кормах 28,3 тыс. голов крупного рогатого скота, 153,5 тыс. голов овец, а также поголовья других сельскохозяйственных животных в личных подворьях населения. Кормовая база единственных в зоне племенных репродукторов опирается на значительные площади посева многолетних трав в сравнении с прочими районами. Производственные показатели Палласовского района свидетельствуют, что в полупустынной зоне увеличение удельного веса площадей многолетних трав в структуре посева обеспечивает устойчивое развитие мясного животноводства. Fifteen- and sixteen-years old perennial grasses were analyzed in the West Kazakhstan (Kazakhstan) and Volgograd regions, respectively. Precipitation rates for 22 years were evaluated in the semi-desert. Precipitations are the main factor determining field productivity in the semi-desert. Therefore, sowing system has a significant impact on mechanisms of sustainable landscape formation. Wide cultivation of forage crops, particularly perennial grasses, positively affects field productivity due to the introduction of various cultural practices. Subsoil plowing and nitrogen fertilization in autumn have positive impact on plant longevity (15–20 years) and productivity (2.6–2.8 t ha-1 of hay) providing economic efficiency of 88–122%. In the semi-desert perennial grasses occupy only 5.8% of farm lands. Sustainable land cultivation is performed on 124.1 thousand ha area by the organizations of the Pallasovskiy district. Sowing system includes 22.2% of perennial grasses, 55.3% of grain and industrial crops and 21.5% of clean fallow. Such system is able to provide 28.3 thousand heads of cattle, 153.5 thousand heads of sheep as well as other livestock on private farms with forage. Forage resources for pedigree breeding stock depend significantly on total cultivation area of perennial grasses in the district. It was shown that wider cultivation of perennial grasses had positive effect on beef farming in the semi-desert of the Pallasovskiy district.

Crop rotations with clover and their productivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Gladysheva ◽  
Oksana Artyuhova ◽  
Vera Svirina
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Pure Steam ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of long-term research in experiments with crop rotations with different clover saturation are presented. It is shown that the cluster has a positive effect on the main indicators of vegetation of dark-gray forest soil. The introduction of two fields of perennial grasses into the six-field crop rotation significantly increases both the humus reserves and increases the productivity of arable land by 1.5–2 times compared to the crop rotation with a field of pure steam.

scholarly journals PEER DESIGNERS AS STRONG INFLUENCERS ON THE DESIGN PROCESS OF FOOD STARTUPS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2409-2418
Author(s):  
Summer D. Jung ◽  
Erika Perttunen ◽  
Senni Kirjavainen ◽  
Tua Björklund ◽  
Sohyeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Design Ideas ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractAs design research expands its horizon, there has been a recent rise in studies on nontraditional designers. Previous studies have noted the positive effect of diversity in generating ideas. Among different sources of influence, peers outside the design team have been noted for their positive impact on the design process, yet the research on this topic is still in its early stages. Using qualitative data from 40 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the American and Finnish food and beverage industries, the current study examines their interactions with other SMEs, shedding light on the influence of peers on creating new design solutions. The findings suggest that peer companies can act as a frequent and impactful source of inspiration for product design ideas. The most prevalent forms of interaction were co-creating products, sharing information, and sharing ingredients. Furthermore, the interactions were voluntary, organic, and improvisational in nature, and physical proximity or previous connections often initiated the interactions. Taken together, a great number of peer influences contributed towards creative new solutions.

scholarly journals The Influence of Dynamic and Adaptive Marketing Capabilities on the Performance of Portuguese SMEs in the B2B International Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Caroline Reimann ◽  
Fernando Carvalho ◽  
Marcelo Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
International Marketing ◽  
International Market ◽  
Marketing Capabilities ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Competitive Intensity ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Marketing Performance ◽  
Market Learning ◽  
Positive Effect

The present investigation aims study the sustainability of the business model of the Portuguese SMEs operating in the B2B International market analyzing the influence of dynamic marketing capabilities and adaptive marketing capabilities in their international marketing performance. It will also analyze the moderating effects of Competitive Intensity within this international scenario. A quantitative study was developed, using a questionnaire as a research method. In total, 335 valid responses were collected from Portuguese SMEs in June 2020. To test the hypotheses, multiple hierarchical regressions were performed. As for the analyzes involving Competitive Intensity environments, namely low and high intensity, dummies were developed to evaluate the different effects produced by the capacities in the International Marketing Performance. This study shows the positive impact of the dynamic marketing capabilities and adaptive marketing capabilities on the international marketing performance of the surveyed companies, essentially from the product development management, supply chain management, vigilant market learning and open marketing. when in a low competitive intensity environment only dynamic marketing capabilities had a positive effect on performance, but in a high, competitive, intensity environment both dynamic marketing capabilities and adaptive marketing capabilities showed positive effects in relation to performance. This study innovates by bringing international marketing, through two marketing capacities, from the perspective of SMEs that perform B2B activities.

scholarly journals Which Factors Influence Farmers’ Use of Protective Measures During Pesticides Exposure?

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 338-349
Author(s):  
Maryam Afshari ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai ◽  
Mohammad Javad Assari ◽  
Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Physiological Arousal ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Pesticides Exposure ◽  
Positive Effect

Farmers in developing countries use harmful pesticides while taking few or no protective measures. There is limited evidence on factors affecting their safety measures. The objective of this study was to identify the underlying factors influencing farmers’ protective behaviors (PBs) and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the exposure to pesticides. From April to August 2017, a descriptive study was conducted in Twiserkan County in western Iran among 474 farmers from 104 villages. A questionnaire was developed to measure demographic characteristics and factors suggested in integrated agent-centered (IAC) framework. The questionnaire was validated in terms of content validity through expert reviews and tested for reliability in a group of farmers. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews with farmers. Physiological arousal (β = .154, p < .05), intention (β = .345, p < .05), habit (β = .188, p < .05), and contextual factors (β = .101, p < .05) had a significant and positive impact on farmers engaging in pesticide PBs. Among the assessed factors, only physiological arousal (β = .122, p < .05) and habit (β = .646, p < .05) were found to have a significant and positive effect on the use of PPE, but the intention (β = –.039, p > .05) and contextual factors (β = –.009, p > .05) had no significant relation with the use of PPE. The results of this study identified determinants of farmers’ safety measures. Our results suggest that the IAC framework could serve as a guide to developing a more effective intervention for safety measures of Iranian farmers.

scholarly journals The nutritional use of millet grain for food and feed: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. M. Hassan ◽  
N. A. Sebola ◽  
M. Mabelebele
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractWorldwide, millets are regarded as a significant grain, however, they are the least exploited. Millet grain is abundant in nutrients and health-beneficial phenolic compounds, making it suitable as food and feed. The diverse content of nutrients and phenolic compounds present in finger and pearl millet are good indicators that the variety of millet available is important when selecting it for use as food or feed. The phenolic properties found in millets compromise phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins, which are beneficial to human health. Moreover, finger millet has an exceptionally unique, more abundant, and diverse phenolic profile compared to pearl millet. Research has shown that millet phenolic properties have high antioxidant activity. The presence of phytochemicals in millet grains has positive effect on human health by lowering the cholesterol and phytates in the body. The frantic demands on maize and its uses in multiple industries have merited the search for alternative grains, to ease the pressure. Substitution of maize with pearl and finger millets in the diets of different animals resulted in positive impact on the performance. Including these grains in the diet may improve health and decrease the risks of diseases. Pearl millet of 50% or more can be used in broiler diets without adversely affecting broiler performance or egg production. Of late, millet grain has been incorporated in other foods and used to make traditional beverages. Thus, the core aim of this review is to provide insight and comprehension about the nutritional and phenolic status of millets and their impact on human and livestock.

Hungarian sainfoin and its ecological value for agriculture

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
В.А. Волошин ◽  
Г.П. Майсак ◽  
Л.С. Терентьева
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Melilotus Albus ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

В последние годы в Пермском крае прекратилось известкование кислых почв, недостаточно вносятся минеральные и органические удобрения. Всё это постепенно привело к снижению плодородия почв. Избежать или снизить влияние негативных явлений можно за счёт использования многолетних трав. Перспективной фитомелиоративной культурой является эспарцет песчаный (Onobrychis arenaria (Kit.) Ser.), который ранее в Пермском крае не возделывался, но встречается в естественных фитоценозах ряда районов края. Целью настоящей работы является поиск и обобщение научной информации по морфо-биологическим особенностям и агроэкологической роли эспарцета песчаного в земледелии. В статье приведён литературный обзор биологических особенностей этой культуры: азотфиксации, накопления пожнивно-корневых остатков, формирования корневой системы эспарцета песчаного в различных регионах его возделывания. Для сравнения приведены экспериментальные данные ряда исследователей, полученные в Пермском крае при изучении клевера лугового (Trifolium pratense L.), люцерны изменчивой (Medicago×varia Mart.), донника белого (Melilotus albus Medik.). Эспарцет песчаный за счёт корневых выделений способен усваивать из глубоких горизонтов почвы труднодоступные для других культур кальциевые и фосфорные соединения и обогащать ими верхний горизонт почвы, то есть он может выступать в роли биологического мелиоранта. На опытном поле Пермского НИИСХ эспарцет песчаный изучался с 2011 по 2019 год и зарекомендовал себя как перспективная кормовая культура. Изучение его особенностей с целью разработки технологий возделывания и использования целесообразно продолжить и расширить. Over the last years, liming of acidic soils stopped in the Perm Territory; mineral and organic fertilizers are not applied sufficiently. All this gradually led to a decrease in soil fertility. It is possible to avoid or reduce the influence of negative factors by planting perennial grasses. Hungarian sainfoin (Onobrychis arenaria (Kit.) Ser.) is a promising phytomeliorative crop for the Perm Territory. It was not previously cultivated there, but it is found in natural ecosystems in a number of locations. The investigation aimed at reviewing morphology, biology and ecological value of Hungarian sainfoin. The article deals with its biological features: nitrogen fixation, accumulation of crop residues as well as root system formation in various regions. To compare sainfoin with other crops in the Perm Territory, the article provides the experimental data on red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), alfalfa (Medicago×varia Mart.), and white melilot (Melilotus albus Medik.). Due to root secretions, Hungarian sainfoin is able to assimilate calcium and phosphorus from deep soil that are unavailable for other crops. So, the crop can enrich the upper soil layers with these elements, being a biological ameliorant. Studied during 2011–2019 on the trial field of the Perm Research Institute of Agriculture, Hungarian sainfoin was shown to be a promising forage crop. Its further investigation as well as development of efficient cultural practices is of high value.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH REMITANSI, INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG, IMPOR DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Septriani Putri ◽  
Ariusni Ariusni
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract : This study examined and analysis the effect of remittances, foreigndirect investment, imports, and economic growth in Indonesia in the long run andshort run. This study using Error Correction Model (ECM) method and using theannual time series data from 1989 to 2018. This study found that: (1) remittancehave an insignificant positive effect on economic growth in the long run and shortrun,(2)foreign direct investment have a significant positive impact on economicgrowth in the long run and short run, (3) import have an insignificant positiveimpact on economic growth both in the long run and short run. To increase theeconomic growth in the future, this study suggests the government to decresingimports of consume goods and increasing the inflow of capital goods, rawmaterial goods, remittances and foreign direct investment.Keyword : Remittance, Foreign Direct Investment, Import, Economic Growth andECM

scholarly journals Openness of the economy as a determinant of economic growth: The panel analysis of the Western Balkans region countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Filip Bugarčić ◽  
Petar Veselinović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Positive Effect

The openness of the economy and its intensive involvement in international trade and economic flows has an important role in stimulating economic growth and development of a national economy. The aim of the research is to determine the degree of impact and effects of exports, imports and foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth. The applied research methodology is a panel regression analysis on the example of six countries in the Western Balkans region in the period from 2000 to 2018. Three hypotheses were tested in this paper. H1: Exports have a positive effect on economic growth; H2: Imports contribute to GDP growth; H3: FDI has a positive impact on economic growth. The results show that all three variables have a positive, statistically significant impact on GDP. The greatest effect on economic growth in the analyzed sample has exports, which implies the conclusion of the inevitability of more intensive participation of these economies in international trade flows.

scholarly journals How do Poverty and Income Inequality affect Economic Growth in Developing Countries?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-558
Author(s):  
Hamza Saleem ◽  
Fatima Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Aurmaghan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
World Development

The major objective of this research is to examine the relationship between poverty, income inequality and economic growth from some selected developing countries. This study uses panel data for the period of 2002-2015. All the data is taken from world development indicators (WDI). To find out the results, we have used Hausman test an econometrics technique for panel data in this research. The results of the study indicate that poverty and income inequality have a negative impact on economic growth on the other hand Gross capital formation, labor force, total population and government consumption and expenditure have a positive impact on economic growth. The result tells us that changes in these variables have a significant and positive effect on the dependent variable. To achieve the goal of economic growth developing countries should reduce poverty and take meaningful steps to overcome the problem of inequality in the society which can be very helpful in achieving the goal of economic growth.

scholarly journals The Impact of Accounting Conservatism on Corporate Performance Indicators in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hanaa A. El-Habashy
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Accounting Performance ◽  
Conservative Accounting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to investigate the impact of conservative accounting on corporate performance indicators of Egyptian firms. A sample of balanced data for the 40 most active non-financial companies was collected in the period 2009-2014 to test hypotheses. Panel regression models were used for data analysis. Givoly &amp; Hayn (2000) indicator is used as a benchmark for measuring accounting conservatism. The corporate performance indicators used in this study are return-on-assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) representing accounting performance measures, as well as Tobin&rsquo;s Q which measures market performance. The results of the research show that accounting conservatism has a significant positive impact on corporate performance indicators. This reflects the positive effect of corporate performance on shareholders that leads to a strong corporate financial position. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted in Egypt as an emerging economy.

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