BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPONENTS OF THE EREMURUS HISSARICUS ROOT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.И. АШУРОВ ◽  
С.Р. УСМАНОВА ◽  
З.К. МУХИДИНОВ ◽  
Л.Ш. ЛИУ
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Fat Fraction

Полисахариды из растений E. hissaricus, которые наиболее распространены в районе южного склона Гиссарского хребта Республики Таджикистан, недостаточно исследованы. В доступной литературе сведения по вопросам выделения и очистки, а также физико-химических свойств полисахаридов из корнеклубней E. hissaricus отсутствуют. К тому же не исследовались вопросы выделения и изучения основных компонентов биохимических соединений, таких как жировая фракция, фенольные, азотистые соединения и белки, водорастворимые сахара, а также моно-, олиго- и полисахариды из целых корней E. hissaricus в разных фазах развития, что и явилось целью данной работы. Для изучения использовали корни E. hissaricus, выращенного на высокогорной биологической станции Сиякух Института ботаники, физиологии и генетики растений АН РТ (южный склон Гиссарского хребта, 2200 м над уровнем моря). Исследовано содержание основных компонентов биохимических соединений – жировая фракция, фенольные соединения, белки и азотистые соединения, водорастворимые сахара, а также полисахариды из корней эремуруса гиссарского в разные периоды развития. Установлено, что в фазе покоя содержание жировой фракции, фенольных соединений и водорастворимых сахаров в корнях эремуруса гиссарского увеличивается по отношению к другим фазам. Polysaccharides from plants of E. hissaricus which are most widespread in the region of the southern slope of the Gissar Range of the Republic of Tajikistan, are insufficiently investigated. In available literature of the data concerning selection and cleaning and also physical and chemical properties of polysaccharides from korneklubny E. hissaricus are absent. Besides questions of selection and studying of principal components of biochemical connections, such as fatty fraction, phenolic, nitrogen compounds and proteins, water-soluble sugar and also mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides from the whole roots E. hissaricus in different phases of development were not investigated that is the purpose of this work. For studying used the roots E. hissaricus, grown up at the mountain biological station Siyakukh at Institute of botany, physiology and genetics of plants of AN of RT (the southern slope of the Gissar Range, 2200 m above sea level). The content of the main biochemical compounds – fat fraction, phenolic compounds, proteins and nitrogenous compounds, water-soluble sugars, as well as polysaccharides from whole roots of E. hissaricus in different periods of development has been studied. It was found that in the deep-dormant phase the content of fat fraction, phenolic compounds and water-soluble sugars in the roots of E. hissaricus increases in relation to other plant grows phases.

PRODUCTION OF BLENDED JUICE FROM PUMPKIN, QUINCE, PERSIMMON

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
I. A. Kyazimova ◽  
А. А. Kasumova ◽  
А. А. Nabiev
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Aliphatic Acids ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Dietary Value ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Production of plant products, including juices around the world increases continuously. In the fruit and vegetable juices contain a significant amount of monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), organic acids, vitamins, phenolic compounds, mineral substances and other biologically active components that determine the nutritional and dietary value. For the prevention of various diseases associated with impaired metabolic processes, we developed a new technology of preparation of food by blending juice of pumpkin, quince and persimmon. Thus prepared organic blended juice contains a substantial amount of free glucose and fructose, different phenolic compounds, a sufficient amount of organic acids, mineral elements, including iodine and other components that determine its nutritional and biological value. In prepared juices were evaluated the quantitative indicators of β-carotene, vitamin C, glucose and fructose, sucrose, starch, pectin substances. Also in the atomic absorbtion spectrometer Analyst 400 (PerkinElmer, USA) was analyzed content of the organic acids and phenolic compounds. Prepared juices were tested in accordance with 10 point scoring scale. It is established that all juices contain a sufficient amount of the minerals. In pumpkin and quince juices not contain iodine while it presents in sufficient amount in persimmon juice that’s why in the blended juice mineral in addition to mineral elements iodine are contained. In pumpkin and persimmon aliphatic acids are contained in small amount. For this reason during the blending process was used quince juice which is rich in aliphatic acids. The blended juice is light straw color, with delicious flavor, a slight astringent property and a balanced taste.

scholarly journals Effects of static magnetic field on growth, some biochemical and antioxidant system in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Anousheh Zakeri ◽  
Ramazan-Ali Khavari-Nejad ◽  
Sara Saadatmand ◽  
Fatemeh Nouri Kootanaee ◽  
Rouzbeh Abbaszadeh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Static Magnetic Field ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The effects of magnetic waves as natural environmental factors on the Earths are not well known on plant growth and development. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of static magnetic field (SMF) treatment (4 and 6 mT for 30 and 120 min per day) for eight days on the biomass production, proline contents and total soluble sugar, phenolic compounds, accumulation of H2O2 and MDA along with activity of antioxidant enzymes in lemon balm seedlings. Our results showed that SMF treatments, especially 6 mT and 120 min duration, increased the plant biomass, proline contents, phenolic compounds, H2O2 and MDA accumulation, and reduced the contents of total soluble sugars. The SMF application also increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) enzymes compared to untreated seedlings. Our results suggest that SMF treatments induces the antioxidant defense system in the lemon balm seedlings and, by changing the plant metabolism, improves the early vigor of seedlings.

scholarly journals A Review of Isolation, Chemical Properties, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides from Bletilla striata

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Ji ◽  
Mingsong Yin ◽  
Hui Nie ◽  
Yanqi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Bletilla Striata ◽  
Extraction Separation ◽  
Hemostatic Effects

Recently, polysaccharides from Bletilla striata, a member of the orchidaceous family, aroused the wide interest of people, especially their isolation, chemical properties, and bioactivities. It is reported that these polysaccharides are the most important biologically active components of B. striata, exhibiting various biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antifibrotic, and hemostatic effects. This review appraised the available literatures which described different aspects of B. striata polysaccharides, including the extraction, separation, purification, structural characterization, and biological activities. We expect to lay the foundation for further investigation of the application of B. striata polysaccharides in the field of functional foods and biomedicine.

scholarly journals Biochemical and phytochemical evaluation of Stevia rebaudiana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman Sohag Howlader ◽  
Sheikh Rashel Ahmed ◽  
Khadizatul Kubra ◽  
Md Khairul Hassan Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The present study was aimed to evaluate biochemical and phytotochemical of dry leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. Biochemical analysis indicated that Stevia leaves are a good source of carbohydrate and reducing sugar. Different extraction methods were used to prepare four different dry extracts (Extract A, B, C, D). Total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were analyzed for these four dry extracts and commercial Stevia powder. The highest amount of total soluble sugar (477 mg sugar g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract C and higher amount of reducing sugar (82 mg g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract D among the extracts. But commercial Stevia powder showed higher total soluble sugar content (754 mg g-1 dry powder) and highest amount of reducing sugar (98 mg g-1 dry extract) than all the extracted dry samples. The extraction process of dry extract C was feasible for the extraction of total soluble sugar. For the phytochemical screening, crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups and presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and saponins that were identified. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds (92 mg) was recorded from methanolic extract of extraction B. The lowest amount of total phenolic compounds (36 mg) was recorded in ethanolic extract of extraction A. So, Methanol proved as best solvent to extract increased quantity of total phenolic compounds than other solvents.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 121-130

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF THE EXTRACTION PROCESS AND STOCK OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF LOCALIZED WINE-TECHNICAL RED AND WHITE VARIETIES OF GRAPES

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Grape Varieties

The aim of the study was to determine the technological stock of phenolic compounds in European technical grape varieties grown in the climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, used to produce white and red wines. UV-Vis spectrophotometric method determined the total content of phenolic compounds in localized wine-technical grape varieties. Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the qualitative and quantitative content of groups and subgroups of phenolic compounds was studied, biologically active components obtained in the process of their extraction were identified, and studies were carried out to analyze the types of phenolic compounds by chromatographic separation in certain wine-technical grape varieties. Chromatographic separation, identification and qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds revealed 2 groups of phenol-carboxylic acids, 9 groups of dihydroxy acids, 7 groups of flavan-3-ol, 12 groups of flavonols and 15 groups of anthocyanins, as well as, 2 tannins. Also revealed the presence of flavonoids, which have such advantages as the individual identification of their polymer products. Studies have shown that local grape varieties have a high degree of phenolic retention. This result opens up tremendous opportunities for future scientific improvement of wine production technology

scholarly journals Diversity in phenolic compounds, biochemical and pomological characteristics of Arbutus unedo fruits

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muttalip Gündoğdu ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Ihsan Canan ◽  
Erdal Orman ◽  
Muhammad Sameeullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Arbutus Unedo ◽  
Strawberry Tree ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
Seed Propagation

AbstractStrawberry trees (Arbutus unedoL.) are naturally grown in particular Black Sea and Mediterranean regions of Turkey with great diversity due to continuous seed propagation for centuries. The trees differ in terms of most of the horticultural characteristics. We investigated the phenolic compounds and the biochemical and pomological characteristics of the fruits of eight strawberry tree selections naturally grown in the western part of Turkey. Significant differences were found among the genotypes in terms of their phenolic compounds and their biochemical and pomological characteristics. Among soluble sugars, fructose (11.63 g 100 g−1) was the dominant sugar, followed by glucose (6.10 g 100 g−1) and sucrose (1.44 g 100 g−1) for all the genotypes. Positive correlation was found between fruit weight and soluble sugar content. Malic acid was the major organic acid (0.67-2.33 g 100 g−1), and the second major organic acid in strawberry tree fruits was citric acid (0.25-0.87 g 100 g−1). Vitamin C content was an average of 56.22 g 100 g−1for the eight genotypes. Among phenolic compounds, gallic acid was dominant (1.62-7.29 mg 100 g−1), followed by chlorogenic acid (1.23-3.14 mg 100 g−1), on an average basis.

scholarly journals HPMA-Based Polymer Conjugates for Repurposed Drug Mebendazole and Other Imidazole-Based Therapeutics

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2530
Author(s):  
Martin Studenovský ◽  
Anna Rumlerová ◽  
Libor Kostka ◽  
Tomáš Etrych
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lysosomal Hydrolases ◽  
Polymer Carrier ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Polymer Conjugates ◽  
Synthetic Strategy ◽  
Physico Chemical

Recently, the antitumor potential of benzimidazole anthelmintics, such as mebendazole and its analogues, have been reported to have minimal side effects, in addition to their well-known anti-parasitic abilities. However, their administration is strongly limited owing to their extremely poor solubility, which highly depletes their overall bioavailability. This study describes the design, synthesis, and physico-chemical properties of polymer-mebendazole nanomedicines for drug repurposing in cancer therapy. The conjugation of mebendazole to water-soluble and biocompatible polymer carrier was carried out via biodegradable bond, relying on the hydrolytic action of lysosomal hydrolases for mebendazole release inside the tumor cells. Five low-molecular-weight mebendazole derivatives, differing in their inner structure, and two polymer conjugates differing in their linker structure, were synthesized. The overall synthetic strategy was designed to enable the modification and polymer conjugation of most benzimidazole-based anthelmintics, such as albendazole, fenbendazole or albendazole, besides the mebendazole. Furthermore, the described methodology may be suitable for conjugation of other biologically active compounds with a heterocyclic N-H group in their molecules.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANT EXTRACTS ANDROMEDA POLYFOLIA AND ALCHEMILLA SUBCRENATA

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Максим (Maksim) Аркадьевич (Arkad'yevich) Живетьев (Zhivetyev) ◽  
Виктор (Viktor) Александрович (Aleksandrovich) Быбин (Bybin) ◽  
Елена (Elena) Викторовна (Viktorovna) Кочерыгина (Kocherygina) ◽  
Наталья (Natal'ya) Викторовна (Viktorovna) Семенова (Semenova) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'yana) Егоровна (Egorovna) Путилина (Putilina) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
The Face ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Plants accumulate in their tissues powerful arsenal of protective substances necessary for survival in the face of abiotic environmental and in aggressive neighborhood with pathogenic bacteria and viruses. We examined the following kinds of medicinal plants: Alchemilla subcrenata and Polyfolia andromeda. Conducted chemical analyses of water and 40 and 70% alcohol extracts of these plants. The content of flavonoids was significantly greater in all ways of extraction of Alchemilla subcrenata compared to Andromeda polyfolia. To the extent the release of phenolic compounds and water-soluble sugars affected the presence of alcohol. From Andromeda polyfolia greater variety of phenolic compounds left in the water and 40% alcohol, and from Alchemilla subcrenata in 40% and 70% ethanol. Extracts compared on the effects on survival and biofilm formation of Escherichia coli XL1-Blue and Pectobacterium carotovorum. Found that extracts of plants studied have varying degrees of antimicrobial action. Alcohol extracts of Andromeda polyfolia suppressed the formation of biofilms of P. carotovorum and E. coli. All extracts of Alchemilla subcrenata stimulated bacterial growth and biofilm formation. The most effective proved to be 70% alcoholic extract of Alchemilla subcrenata.

scholarly journals Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones as Renewable Chemical Materials for New Medicinal Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Adekenov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Renewable Material ◽  
Derivatives Of

<p>Literature data and own research results on the technology for isolating natural sesquiterpene lactones such as arglabin, alantolactone, artemisinin, grosheimin, isoalantolactone, parthenolide, santonin and potential possibilities of their use as renewable material for obtaining new compounds as well as biologically active derivatives are generalized in this review. Sesquiterpene lactones from plants are promising sources for the development and practical application of new original medical products possessing antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiulcer, antiviral and immune-stimulating action. The technology for isolating sesquiterpene lactones is based on the extraction of raw plant material by different organic solvents with the subsequent chromatographic purification. The effective and environmentally safe technology for isolation and purification of sesquiterpene lactone arglabin from <em>Artemisia glabella</em> Kar. et Kir. by the СО<sub>2</sub>-extraction method is developed. Thereat, it was experimentally determined that the method for isolating arglabin from CO<sub>2</sub> extract of <em>Artemisia glabella</em> Kar. et Kir. using centrifugal partition chromatography is effective for preparative isolation of the active substance and its manufacturing application. It is practically important to obtain water-soluble derivatives of biologically active sesquiterpene lactones and also to use the nanotechnology achievements for directed transportation of a molecule of the medicine in the human body thereby reducing toxicity of an active component. Promising direction is chemical modification of molecules in sesquiterpene lactones which are renewable material for obtaining new derivatives, thanks to which it becomes possible to solve two problems at the same time. Firstly, these researches help to obtain derivatives with higher biological activity or improved physical and chemical properties. Secondly, these researches enable us to disclose the mechanism of action of different medicines within the framework of “structure-activity” correlation. The article presents the literature data and own results on chemical modification of sesquiterpene lactones of alantolactone, arglabin, artemisinin, grosheimin, isoalantolactone, parthenolide and santonin. Various reactions on functional groups of these molecules were used to obtain a number of new derivatives of sesquiterpene lactones containing haloid-, pyrazole-, triazole-, amino-, dialkylamino-, hydroxy-, dialkyl phosphonate- and cyclopropane groups, which have shown high physiological activity.</p>

scholarly journals Spread technology with pine nuts meal development

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (93) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
V. O. Nagovska ◽  
N. B. Slyvka ◽  
Yu. R. Hachak ◽  
O. R. Mykhaylytska ◽  
O. Ya. Bilyk
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Homogenization Temperature ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Pine Nut

The article describes the possibility of using vegetable raw materials such as pine nuts meal as a protein-vitamin complex in spread technology. Pine nuts are rich with essential amino acids, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, polysaccharides and water-soluble sugars, fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, macro and trace elements. It has excellent stabilizing properties in emulsion systems. Also, in article is described technology of spreads made by transformation of a fat mixture. It is justified the choice of the parameters of individual technological operations, in particular, the pine nut meal adds to spread during the homogenization process. For this purpose, dry powder is mixed with pre-pasteurized water, butter or cream in a ratio of 1:2–1:10 at a temperature of 20–40 °C. Mixture is kept at this temperature for 5–20 minutes. Then mixture is cooled to the spread homogenization temperature. Homogenization of the spread is carried out in order to improve the consistency and stability of taste during storage. Spread temperature during loading into the homogenizer should be 11–12 °C in summer and 14–15 °C in winter. Temperature of the spread after homogenization should be 13–15 °C. Optimal dose of cedar nuts meal is determined like 1 % and 3 % by weight of the finished spread. It is described organoleptic, physicochemical and structural-mechanical parameters of the finished product. Spreads containing 1 % and 3 % pine nuts have better heat resistance and moisture distribution. This can be explained by the fact that a small amount of pine nuts does not effects on the structure and texture of spreads. Researches of spread structural indicators have shown that the introduction of more than 3 % of pine nuts has negative influence on it’s structure, in fact, it causes poor moisture distribution and increases the speed of curing, which negatively effects on quality of the finished product. Using of pine nuts in the spread production is appropriate in terms of enrichment of the product with biologically active substances and in terms of expansion of the range of dairy products.

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