Preventive measures for Dental Professionals during worldwide emergency COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
Samrudhi Khatod ◽  
Anuja Ikhar ◽  
Pradnya Nikhade ◽  
Kaustubh Khatod
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Indirect Transmission ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Dental Professionals

Coronavirus (CoV-2) is a rapidly spreading viral infection all over the world. World Health Organisation declared COVID- 19 as the pandemic disease. Professionally, Dentists are prone to get the cross-infection. And are at 100% risk. This is because Dentists come across face to face communication with the patients, frequent exposure to saliva, blood, other body fluids while handling the teeth and sharp instruments. So, precautionary and preventive measures should be taken to prevent and minimize the cross-infection and spread of COVID-19. The susceptible people of COVID-19 are those who had a travel history from abroad, elderly people, immuno-compromised, and people with co-morbidities. This condition is more prevalent in males when compared to females. Transmission can be broadly divided into the direct and indirect transmission. In general, a COVID infected patient shows signs of symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue, headache, body pain, lethargy, and breathlessness. At present, no cure or vaccine has been discovered. Currently, a combination of anti-viral and anti-malarial drugs is being used to treat patients. Simultaneously, multi-vitamins and Hydroxychloroquine is administered to most susceptible patients after consulting the physician. Prevention for aerosol, body fluids, nasal discharge is a must. Disinfection of surrounding and personal protective wear, which includes a face shield, mask, gown, head cap, double gloving, and glasses, should be worn by healthcare professionals to limit the contact to the virus. Social distancing is a must to control the transmission of this disease.

scholarly journals Novel COVID-19 Global Outbreak and a Need for Proactive Dental Care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Gupta ◽  
Abhinav Garg ◽  
Lovejeet Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Dental Health Care ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The global pandemic Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), which originated in Wuhan, has affected the countries worldwide and has been declared as a public health emergency by World Health Organisation. Because of the exclusive features of dental healthcare set-ups, risk of cross-contamination is greater between patients and dental personnel due to high chances of getting in contact with suspected or asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. Preventive measures are essential to be taken for prevention of furthermore spread of nosocomial infection. The present article provides a brief overview on COVID-19 in dental settings and recommended protocols for screening/assessment, patient management and precautions for dental health care professionals.

scholarly journals Telehealth-based diagnostic testing in general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study

BJGP Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. BJGPO.2021.0123
Author(s):  
Rae-Anne Hardie ◽  
Gorkem Sezgin ◽  
Chisato Imai ◽  
Emma Gault ◽  
Precious McGuire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Test Collection ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Health Technologies

BackgroundSince the World Health Organisation declared COVID-19 a pandemic on 11 March 2020, health technologies have been rapidly scaled up to ensure access to care. A significant innovation has been telehealth in general practice. Now widespread, it remains unknown how this shift to virtual care has impacted on quality-of-care indicators such as pathology testing and diagnosis.AimTo undertake a comparison of telehealth and face-to-face general practice consultations to: identify if there were differences in the proportion of pathology test referrals from 2019-2020; and quantify any change in pathology test collection and follow-up patterns.Design and SettingRetrospective observational study of routinely collected electronic patient data from 807 general practices across New South Wales and Victoria, Australia.MethodMultivariate generalised estimating equation models were used to estimate the proportion of pathology test referrals for: overall, face-to-face, and telehealth consultations. Pathology test follow-up was described through median (and interquartile range (IQR)) time.ResultsPathology test referrals declined during periods of high COVID-19 cases, falling from 10.8% in February 2020 to a low 4.5% during the first peak in April. Overall, pathology test referrals were lower for telehealth than face-to-face. Median time between referral and test collection was 3 days (IQR 1–14) for telehealth and 1 day (IQR 0–7) for face-to-face.ConclusionFor telehealth to become part of routine care, it is crucial that gaps in functionality, including difficulty in test referral processes, be addressed. Quality improvements supporting care practices will ensure clinicians’ workflows are supported and patients receive diagnostic testing.

COVID-19 AND ITS IMPACT ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES

Ensemble ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol SP-1 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Numa Limbu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered coronavirus. This new virus and disease were unknown before its outbreak in Wuhan, China, 2019. COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organisation (hereafter referred to as WHO). The virus that causes COVID-19 infects people of all ages. According to the report of the WHO, the total cases reported were 62, 573, 188; 43, 193, 999 recovered, and 1,458,305 deaths (Worldometer, 2020). Its impact can be seen on every corner of the world, most prominently on a specific group of the population known as Indigenous Communities. Indigenous communities are also known as tribal people, Adivasis, i.e., aboriginal communities; and are a significant part of the world’s population. They are far from the contemporary trend, economic development and have their own language, religion, cultures, festivals, music, cuisine, etc. Zacharius, T. (2020) mentions that they have lived close to nature, and their way of life is different from than mainstream lifestyle. They mostly depend on agriculture and handicrafts and hold a vast amount of Traditional Knowledge. The Communities are economically and socially backward and live in isolation and self-contained groups. Less development and failure to reach the Indigenous communities have made them face various issues during this pandemic situation. The Coronavirus (hereafter referred to as COVID-19) pandemic poses a grave health threat to the Indigenous communities around the world. The absence of proper healthcare, sanitation, other preventive measures significantly increases the danger. This paper describes the impact of COVID-19 on society, especially on the health of Indigenous Communities.

scholarly journals Combat to Corona Virus Disease 2019 COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 406-409
Author(s):  
Arvind Sakwar
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Mutant Virus ◽  
World Health ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Corona Virus

This paper describes the information of Covid-19 its emergence and declaration of Pandemic by WHO (World Health Organisation). The symptoms and the precautions are also being discussed here. Covid-19 is highly mutant virus that transmits so rapidly and no particular treatment is there to stop it except preventive measures. The initiatives taken by Govt of India are being briefly explained along with WHO guidelines to stopping the expansion of Covid-19.

scholarly journals Special Needs Dental Management of the Class 3 Obese Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Zanab Malik
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Dental Service ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dental Management ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
And Training ◽  
Dental Professionals

Obesity, classified as a chronic disease by the World Health Organisation (WHO), is a worldwide public health problem. Obesity has links with numerous systemic diseases which may complicate dental management and as such, patients with obesity and concomitant medical comorbidities are commonly managed by Special Needs Dentistry specialist departments in Australia. The sparsity of available evidence on the dental status in this group is likely due to significant access issues experienced by the class 3 obese, who often weigh >140 kg and therefore are unable to be examined or treated in conventional dental chairs. “Bariatric” is a term used to refer to a specific branch of medicine dealing with causes, prevention, and treatment of obesity. It is used widely in the literature to refer to obese patients; however, dentistry for this cohort (“bariatric dentistry”) is less well defined and represents less frequently used terminology. This case report is of a 58-year-old female, with class 3 obesity, who presented in May 2018 for outpatient consult to the Special Needs Unit/Medically Complex Dental Clinic at Westmead Centre for Oral Health, Sydney, Australia, with a compromised and neglected dentition and requiring full dental clearance. The case highlights many of the significant access issues and considerations for safe and effective delivery of dental management. As we move into the future, dental professionals need to become more aware of the growing challenge obesity presents and understand how medical complexities influence dental management. Facilities need to be able to meet this growing need and the specific requirements for a functional and safe bariatric dental service; dependent on both appropriate infrastructure and training.

An Observational Non Interventional Research Study On Knowledge, Attitude And Awareness (KAA) About COVID -19 Outbreak In India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K SATHYAMURTHI
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Health Situation

World is completely shut for more than a month due to the pandemic health situation of COVID19. World Health Organisation (WHO) declared February 2020 Corona Virus is causing pandemic health condition in the globe. SARS-CoV2 initiating from China, novel Corona moved towards east and then crossed to west showing its tyrannical face in each country. Almost eighty percent of the nation in this globe had been deadly affected and locked down was declared almost ninety percent of the nations by the novel corona. Human beings are striving hard to overcome the strange corona virus. The curative medicines have not produced till now the only way is to preventive measures. India has been locked down for more than three month due to the corona virus. The study aims in understanding the extent of awareness on SARS-CoV-2 among Indian residents through a cross sectional survey. The study instruments is self developed KAP scale consists of 12 statements related to the Corona virus clinical and preventive characteristics and the practice pattern of COVID19. The study covers about 9121 samples residing in India. The study shows that about sixty percent of the participants are highly aware about SARS-CoV-2. The knowledge, attitude and awareness about the spread of the corona virus have less impact on practicing preventive measures against SARS-CoV-2

scholarly journals Changes in potential cancer indicator reporting in primary-care during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren J Scott ◽  
Mairead Murphy ◽  
Sarah Price ◽  
Rhys Lewis ◽  
Rachel Denholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Potential Cancer ◽  
Remote Consultations

Abstract Background In March 2020, the World Health Organisation declared COVID-19 a pandemic.Aim To investigate how the pandemic affected presentation to primary-care with features potentially indicating cancer, and explore how reporting differed by patient characteristics and in face-to-face vs. remote consultations.Design and setting Retrospective cohort study in 21 practices in South-West England.Methods Potential cancer indicators were identified using pre-defined code lists for symptoms, signs, test results and diagnoses. Negative binomial regression models compared reporting of potential cancer indicators in April-July 2020 to April-July 2019. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p-values are reported.Results During April-July 2019 and 2020, respectively, 152,447/344,184 (44%) and 123,775/350,966 (35%) patients consulted, with 44,662/344,184 (13%) and 29,150/350,966 (8%) reporting a potential cancer indicator (IRR=0.65, 95%CI 0.62-0.68, p<0.001). Reduced indicator reporting was stable across ethnicity, deprivation and shielding status, was greater in children (0-4 years IRR=0.50, 95%CI 0.46-0.55, p<0.001; 5-17 years IRR=0.45, 95%CI 0.41-0.49, p<0.001) and males (IRR=0.61, 95%CI 0.58-0.64), and less marked in patients with mental health conditions (IRR=0.75, 95%CI 0.72-0.79, p<0.001). Indicator reporting dropped for GP face-to-face consultations (IRR=0.88, 95%CI 0.80-0.97, p=0.011) and increased for remote consultations (IRR=1.22, 95%CI 1.11-1.34, p<0.001), but despite this, remained lower in remote consulting than face-to-face in April-July 2020.Conclusion Patient consulting in general, and for potential cancer indicators specifically, reduced during the first-wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Remote consulting may be part of the reason for the reduction in reporting of potential cancer indicators, along with the reduced spreading of viral (non-cancer) infections.

scholarly journals Corona virus epidemiology: a review article

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5219
Author(s):  
Kamlesh Sharma ◽  
Ram Lal Sharma ◽  
Vanita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

Corona virus disease-2019 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-Co-2. The disease started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China resulting in pandemic. Common symptoms are fever, cough and shortness of breath. Loss of apetite, anosmia, conjunctivitis and diarrhoea are fewer common symptoms. The disease is mild in most people but may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome in elderly patients and those with co-morbidities. The infection is spread from one person to another via respiratory droplets or contact with infected droplets. Preventive measures include frequent and thorough hand washing, maintaining distance from potential transmitter and not touching one’s face. Mask is recommended to suspects and to their caregivers. Presently there is no vaccine or specific treatment for COVID-19. Management involves treatment of symptoms, supportive care. World health organisation declared the 2019-2020 CoV outbreak a pandemic and a Public Health Emergency of International concern with death rate of 3.4%.

A Collaborative Study to Establish the Second International Standard for Streptokinase

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (02) ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Heath ◽  
P J Gaffney
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Accelerated Degradation ◽  
The World ◽  
International Collaborative Study

SummaryAn International Standard for Streptokinase - Streptodomase (62/7) has been used to calibrate high purity clinical batches of SK since 1965. An international collaborative study, involving six laboratories, was undertaken to replace this standard with a high purity standard for SK. Two candidate preparations (88/826 and 88/824) were compared by a clot lysis assay with the current standard (62/7). Potencies of 671 i.u. and 461 i.u. were established for preparations A (88/826) and B (88/824), respectively.Either preparation appeared suitable to serve as a standard for SK. However, each ampoule of preparation A (88/826) contains a more appropriate amount of SK activity for potency testing, and is therefore preferred. Accelerated degradation tests indicate that preparation A (88/826) is very stable.The high purity streptokinase preparation, coded 88/826, has been established by the World Health Organisation as the 2nd International Standard for Streptokinase, with an assigned potency of 700 i.u. per ampoule.

A Collaborative Study to Establish an International Standard for Alpha-Thrombin

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (04) ◽  
pp. 424-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Gaffney ◽  
A B Heath ◽  
J W Fenton II
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Thrombin Inhibitors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
And Control

SummarySince 1975 an International Standard for Thrombin of low purity has been used. While this standard was stable and of value for calibrating thrombins of unknown potency the need for a pure a-thrombin standard arose both for accurate calibration and for precise measurement of thrombin inhibitors, notably hirudin. An international collaborative study was undertaken to establish the potency and stability of an ampouled pure a-thrombin preparation. A potency of 97.5 international units (95% confidence limits 86.5-98.5) was established for the new a-thrombin standard (89/ 588) using a clotting-assay procedure. Stability data at various elevated temperatures indicated that the standard could be transported and stored with no significant loss of potency.Ampoules of lyophilised a-thrombin (coded 89/588) have been recommended as an International Standard for a-thrombin with an assigned potency of 100 international units per ampoule by the International Society for Thrombosis and Haemostasis (Thrombin and its Inhibitors Sub-Committee) in Barcelona, Spain in July 1990 while the Expert Committee on Biological Standardisation and Control of the World Health Organisation will consider its status at its next meeting in Geneva in 1991.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document