scholarly journals Characteristics of overweighed and obese adults attended Nutritional clinic in Dewaniyah governorate,Iraq,2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima AL Khalidi
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Food Habit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Obesity Rate ◽  
Important Challenge

over all world,thecommunity is undergoing a rapid epidemiological and nutritional transition characterized by persistent nutritional deficiencies or increasing overweight and obesity rate which is one of important challenge that need to change in food habit and life style toward healthy diet and regular physical exercise. In Iraq this problem is not fixed,but according to Stepwise Surveillance of Chronic NCD Risk Factor 2006 the overweight and obesity rate was 67% (34 % overweight,32 % obesity). This study aimed to estimate the describe BMI status andcharacteristics factor that associated with overweight and obesity.A file base descriptive cross sectional study conducted in 2016. Files of adults aged >18 years attended the Nutritional clinic during 2014 were reviewed. Demographics characteristics and BMI status considered and presented as percentage. Mean of age computed and some variables crosstab with BMI classification recommended by WHO. Statistical significant considered when p value ≤ 0.05.A total study sample were 722,Male to female ratio was 1:6,and the mean of age was 32.8 ± 9.9. About 20.5% was normal BMI while the overweight and obesity was 79.5%. The study showed that the overweight and obesity rate was higher in female than male (88.2 % vs. 21.8%,p value > 0.001).it is also higher in married status than single (81.7% vs. 18.3%,p > 0.001). Basic educational level had high overweight and obesity rate which was 46.1% with statistical significant association (p value = 0.05). We conclude that the overweight and obesity rate was high among female, married and persons have basic educational level in Iraqi community.

scholarly journals Detecting chronic kidney disease in diabetic adults by estimating glomerular filtration rate and Serum Creatinine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Kh. Mohammed Almaawi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Qualitative Variables

Objective: To assess CKD prevalence and risk factors including socio-demography among diabetics by estimating GFR rather than serum creatinine (sCr). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dec. 15 2019 through Aug. 15 2020, among 800 diabetics attending tertiary diabetes centers, Baghdad. Data was collected by self-administered questionnaire. SPSS was used for data analysis by (mean, standard deviation and T-test) for quantitative variables and (frequency, percentage, Chi-square test and Kappa index) for qualitative variables. P-Value less than 0.05 was considered significant.  Results: 800 diabetics for last 5-40 years, 95.6% with type2. Aged 52.1±13.2 years, with male: female ratio 1.03:1, 63.6% were with no income, sCr level was 0.86±0.3 mg/dl, and eGFR by Cockcroft Gault (CG) and CKD-EPI equations was 100.4±36.5 & 92.2±25.5 ml/min/1.73m2 respectively. CKD prevalence based on sCr, and eGFR assessed by above equations was 13.3%, 20% and 15.9% respectively (p<0.001). Those with CKD were hypertensive, females, and living in peripheries. Conclusions: Diabetic patients, mainly those with risk factors are more likely to develop CKD. It is better to detect CKD intially by estimating the GFR, rather than serum creatinine level alone. Furthermore, using CKD-EPI equation might be better than the CG formula to estimate the GFR.

Increased frequency of fibromyalgia among patients with chronic pain presenting to internal medicine clinics of a tertiary care hospital: a cross sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Javed ◽  
Muhammad Zaid ◽  
Sumera Imran ◽  
Ayesha Hai ◽  
Muhammad Junaid Patel
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Language ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio

Objective: To estimate the frequency of patients with fibromyalgia (by using the 2010 Modified Criteria for Fibromyalgia by American College of Rheumatology ( ACR ) presenting to Internal Medicine clinics  Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in the department of Internal Medicine, the Indus Hospital, khi, Pakistan between December 2016 and March 2018. Patients who visited internal medicine clinics, met the selection criteria, were included in the study. After taking informed consent patients were assessed for fibromyalgia according to the new 2010 Fibromyalgia Diagnostic criteria questionnaire. The patients were asked the questions in the national language, Urdu. Data analyzed using SPSS version 21. P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 267 patients presenting to the internal medicine clinics and consenting for participating in the study 149 (55.80%) met at least one of the 2010 Fibromyalgia Criteria. The prevalence of fibromyalgia as estimated in this study was 56% with no difference in gender. Mean age of patients with fibromyalgia was 42.3 ± 14.6 and patients without fibromyalgia was 38.9 ± 13.7 which was statistically significant (p-value = 0.05, 10% level of significance). Of the 267 patient 197 (73.8%) were female and 70 (26.2%) were males, a male to female ratio of 1:2.81.  Conclusion: All patients with generalized pain should be evaluated for fibromyalgia and a diagnosis made to reduce the cost of further referrals and investigations and delay in the management of this debilitating disorder. Keywords: Fibromyalgia, Chronic fatigue, Generalized Pain  

scholarly journals Stress Factors among Dental Postgraduate Residents of Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Fizza Tahir ◽  
Aleshba Saba Khan ◽  
Hina Zafar Raja ◽  
Hira Butt ◽  
Maila Habib Piracha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Case Presentations

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the stress factors among dental postgraduate residents of Lahore, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted using non-probability convenient sampling techniques. Total 150 dental postgraduate residents were enrolled in this study. Questionnaire was composed of questions regarding stress factors and the influence of stressors on individuals. The data was analyzed; Chi-square test was used to find the statistical association of level of stress with the demographic factors (gender, marital status, and accommodation), professional characteristics (working hours and practice) and impact on the individuals (mood change, weight change and headache). The level of significance was set at P≤0.05. RESULTS: Total 150 individuals responded with a mean age of 29 years (SD +/-2.96). Male to female ratio was 1:2.5. The most prevalent factors that contributed to stress were post-graduate examination (81%), clinical case presentations (80%), competition for higher performance (61%), inconsistency of feedback by supervisors (59%), research program (55%) and fear of failure to treat patients (53%). More than half of the respondents (69%) suffered from mood swings and (65%) from tension headaches followed by clenching and bruxism in nearly half of the residents (50%), musculoskeletal problems (49%) and weight changes (48%) with p-value<0.05. CONCLUSION: Post-graduate examination, competition for higher performance and increased workload are the most common stressors. There is a need to come up with effective strategies in the postgraduate curriculum to tackle stress.  

scholarly journals Clinicopathological study of ameloblastoma and detection of human papilloma virus by immunohistochemistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Misbah Ali ◽  
Mulazim Hussain Bukhari ◽  
Faiza Hassan ◽  
Maria Illyas
Keyword(s):  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinicopathological Study

Objective: To study the clinocopathological factors and presence of Human Pappiloma Virus in ameloblastoma by immnohistochemistry. Methods: It was a cross sectional study on 50 surgical specimens of ameloblastoma, completed in six months. These were selected and processed for initial screening by H&E and then by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detection of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The questionnaire was designed to study the clinicopathological factors associated in these patients. Sections of 4µm were cut, placed on special positive charged glass slides in the Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University. It was then examined by the histopathologists for grading and scoring of these lesions. Chi Square test was used to assess the differences found in types of ameloblastomas. The p-value was smaller than 0.05 (p < 0.05). Results: The mean age of the patients (12-80 years old) was 38.6±15.1 years, with male-female ratio 2.84: 1. HPV was positive in 9 (18%), whereas negative in of 41 (82%) patients. Among the positive, reactive HPV with score-1 was 8 and score-2 was 1. According to histological variant, follicular was present in 78%, Plexiform pattern in 8%, Conventional and Desmoplastic variants in one patient each; and Cystic and Acanthomatous were seen in two and three patients respectively. The mandible was involved in 39 patients, maxilla and right maxilla involved in 4 patients each, right retromolar, cheek and angle of mandible was seen in one patient each. About 16% patients had anterior, 66% had posterior and 18% had both anterior and posterior regions involved. Among the HPV positive reactive statistically, no significant difference was found with smoking, Paan and exposure to pesticides, factory or mine (p-value > 0.05). Among HPV positive reactive patients, eight had ameloblastoma whereas, 1 had ameloblastomic fibroma. There was no statistical significance of type, location and region of tumor in HPV positivity. Conclusion: Mandible and posterior region was more commonly involved. Follicular pattern was most common. There was no effect of exposure to pesticides, factory or mine, smoke and human papilloma virus in the etiology of ameloblastoma because only 18% of patients showed the association of HPV16 doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.909 How to cite this:Ali M, Bukhari MH, Hassan F, Illyas M. Clinicopathological study of ameloblastoma and detection of human papilloma virus by immunohistochemistry. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1691-1696. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.909 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Ethnic Variations in Nutritional Status among Preschool Children in Northern Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4060
Author(s):  
Thi Tuyet Le ◽  
Thi Thuy Dung Le ◽  
Nam Khanh Do ◽  
V. Savvina Nadezhda ◽  
M. Grjibovski Andrej ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

(1) Background: Vietnam is a multiethnic country undergoing rapid economic development, the improvement in nutritional status in preschool children is not equally shared by all ethnic groups; (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from September–December 2018 on 16,177 children aged 24–60 months representing Kinh (n = 14421), Muong (n = 1307) and Tay (n = 449) ethnic groups. Prevalence of malnutrition, overweight, obesity and anthropometric indices were compared across ethnic groups, using WHO 2006 child growth standards; (3) Results: The prevalence of malnutrition among children of Kinh, Muong and Tay origins was 14.7%, 34.3% and 43.2%, respectively. The corresponding data for overweight was 5.5%, 2.7%, 2.2% and for obesity 2.8%, 0.8% and 0.4%, respectively. The prevalence of stunting remained the highest in three subtypes of malnutrition in all ethnic groups. Kinh children were heavier and taller than the other groups, while Muong children were taller than Tay children (p-value < 0.001); and (4) Conclusions: Malnutrition remains a major public health issue among children of minor ethnicities while overweight and obesity is an emerging challenge for the Kinh ethnic group. The results imply that a community-based intervention should be specific to ethnicity to reduce the gap in nutritional status between ethnic groups in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Replacement Blood Donation Denials in Children: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muniba Alim ◽  
Rafey Abdul Rahman ◽  
Prabudh Goel
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio

Introduction: Developing countries like India still depend on Replacement Donors (RD) for their blood requirements. Healthcare providers in India often face Replacement Blood Donation (RBD) denials in children especially in rural areas. Aim: To find reasons for RBD denials in children. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done over six months at a tertiary care centre located in rural part of Northern India. Children requiring Blood Transfusion (BT) whose parents refused RBD were included in the study. Children were divided into three groups based on their age and data on various parameters were collected. Observation parameters included sex, birth order, number of siblings, disease for which admitted, duration between admission and need for transfusion, indication for transfusion, decision maker in the family, resistance to decision of denial by any other member of family, parental education, socio-economic status and reasons for denial. Data were analysed using SPSS software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 17.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago, Ill, USA). The p-values were computed for categorical variables using Chi-square (χ2) test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 356 children requiring BT, parents and relatives of 130 children (36.51%) refused RBD. Of these 130 children, 84 were females and 46 were males with male-female ratio of 1:1.8. Females were more likely to be denied RBD (p-value=0.001). Of these 130 children, only 77 could be included in the study because of various reasons. Age of the study group ranged between 2 days to 15 years. Denials were significantly higher (p-value=0.0032) in children with 3rd or higher birth order. Little benefit in terms of life expectancy was the commonest reason for denials in neonates and was found statistically significant (p-value=0.00368). Fear of donation was the most common reason for denial in all the groups combined (38.9%). Considering themselves ineligible and religious beliefs were the other reasons for denials. Conclusion: RBD denial in children is common in India. Misconceptions, Illiteracy, poverty, sex discrimination and false beliefs are major contributory factors for denial.

Melatonin and cryptochrome 2 in metabolic syndrome patients with or without diabetes: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abdul Kareem Al-Sarraf ◽  
Violet Kasabri ◽  
Amal Akour ◽  
Randa Naffa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cryptochrome 2

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic risk factors which increases the chances for future cardiovascular diseases, as well as diabetes. The underlying causes of MetS include overweight and obesity, physical inactivity and genetic factors. Our intension here was to focus in this study on the importance of the chronobiology, represented by melatonin (MT) and cryptochrome 2 (CRY2), in developing MetS and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, we aimed to compare MT and CRY2 plasma levels and correlate both biomarkers with adiposity, atherogenicity and hematological indices in MetS and T2DM cohorts. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 28 normoglycemic lean subjects (controls), 29 normoglycemic MetS subjects and 30 MetS (pre-diabetic/diabetic) were recruited. Results MT (pg/mL) was elevated significantly in MetS arm p-value < 0.05, whereas CRY2 levels (ng/mL) were markedly higher in both MetS groups (non-diabetic and pre-diabetic/diabetic) (all with p-value < 0.001). A reciprocal MT-CRY2 relationship was observed in the MetS (non-diabetic) group (p-value = 0.003). Of note in the total study population, both MT and CRY2 proportionally correlated with each of the following: atherogenicity index of plasma (AIP), waist circumference (WC) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (all with p-value < 0.05) for MT and CRY2, respectively). Whereas MT correlated inversely with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (p-value < 0.05). Additionally, CRY2 correlated directly with each of the following: diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), hip circumference (HC), body adiposity index (BAI), weight-to-height (WHtR) ratio, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion These findings substantiate that both metabolic risk biomarkers can be prognostic tools and pharmacotherapeutic targets to slowdown the accelerated nature of T2DM.

scholarly journals Body Shape Dissatisfaction and Overweight Noesis among Polytechnic College students in Puducherry- A Cross Sectional Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Prasad R ◽  
Kanimozhy K ◽  
Venkatachalam J ◽  
Madhanraj K ◽  
Zile Singh
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

The prevalence of obesity has doubled since 1980 worldwide. With the changing dietary and life style habits, overweight and obesity have become a threat globally. As on 2011, more than 40 million children worldwide are overweight and more than 30 million of them are living in developing countries. Body image perception of an individual plays a major role in determining the diet and lifestyle modification to alter their body shape.Materials and methods: The study was carried out among 1034 polytechnic college students in Puducherry aged 15-25 years as a cross sectional study. Stunkard’s visual figures scale was used to measure Body Shape Dissatisfaction.Statistical analysis: Chi-square test was used to test the statistical significance in difference between proportions, p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The prevalence of Body Shape Dissatisfaction in our study subjects was found to be 62.2%. More female students wanted a thinner body shape while more male students wanted a bigger body shape than their current body shape. 45.3% of the students with normal BMI were satisfied with their current body shape, 26% of them wanted a bigger shape and 28.7% of the students wanted to have a thinner shape.Conclusions:The prevalence of BSD was considerably high in our study population. Body shape misconception might lead to unnecessary weight reduction measures and students tend to follow unhealthy methods for weight reduction. Proactive preventive measures could be initiated targeting towards weight management and dietary practices of college students.

scholarly journals Factors associated with nutritional status, knowledge and attitudes among tuberculosis patients receiving treatment in Ghana: A cross-sectional study in the Tema Metropolis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258033
Author(s):  
Prince Kubi Appiah ◽  
Bright Osei ◽  
Hubert Amu
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Nutritional deficiencies are generally associated with increased risk and severity of tuberculosis. This study investigated the nutritional status, knowledge, and attitudes of tuberculosis (TB) patients receiving treatment in the Tema Metropolis. Method A cross-sectional design was used to collect data on the nutritional knowledge, attitude, and status of TB patients. Nutritional status was analysed using World Health Organization’s formula for body mass index. Pearson’s chi-square and logistic regression models were used to assess associations between predictor and outcome variables. All statistical analyses were considered significant at p-values < 0.05. Result The prevalence of malnutrition among TB patients was 39.7%, 14.4%, and 4.8% for underweight, overweight, and obesity respectively. There was a high (61.0%) knowledge of nutrition among the patients. Also, 65.8% had good attitude towards nutrition. There were significant associations between normal nutritional status and age of the TB patients (p = 0.041), highest educational level attained (p = 0.036), employment status (p = 0.019), status of alcohol intake (p = 0.031), number of months on TB treatment (p = 0.021), and attitude towards nutrition (p = 0.028). Conclusion There was a reasonable nutrition-related knowledge and attitude towards nutrition among the TB patients. However, that did not reflect on their nutritional status. We recommend continuing education on smoking cessation, avoidance of harmful use of alcohol, and the establishment of food aid and other livelihood intervention programs for TB patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Oral Leukoplakia in 9954 Central Indian Patients: a Prospective, Cross-sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trushna Rahangdale ◽  
Tushar Phulambrikar ◽  
Tanvi Dosi ◽  
Vihang Naphade ◽  
Gauri Barkalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central India ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction India is one of the leading producers and consumer of tobacco. Additionally, India has one of the highest global prevalence of oral leukoplakia (OL). However, large epidemiological studies from Madhya Pradesh (Central India), the state with maximum consumers of tobacco products in India, are lacking. Objective Thus, we assessed the prevalence of OL among individuals residing in Central India and evaluated its association with age, gender, and history of adverse habits. Methods This was a prospective, cross-sectional study involving 9954 patients visiting the out-patient Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology over a period of 15 months (January 2019 to March 2020). The clinical diagnosis of OL was arrived by exclusion of all the lesions mimicking OL. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the association between OL and age, sex, and history of adverse habits. Results The prevalence of OL was 5.6% (557/9954). It was predominant in males (male-to-female ratio=3.9:1) and increased with advancing age. The odds of developing OL was higher among patients aged ≥50 years (OR=1.08; 95%CI: 1.07–1.08, p-value<0.0001), those with history of smoking tobacco (OR=1.32; 95%CI: 1.05–1.68, p-value=0.02), consuming smokeless tobacco (OR=318.60; 95%CI: 101.68–998.30, p-value<0.0001), and alcohol (OR=1.15; 95%CI: 9.0–1.49, p-value=0.269). Females had lower odds of developing OL (OR=0.77; 95%CI: 0.60–0.99, p-value=0.042). Conclusion We observed high prevalence of OL (5.6%). OL was significantly associated with older age, male sex, and tobacco-related adverse habits. While, alcohol consumption may possibly be a risk factor, no statistically significant relation was observed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document