scholarly journals LABOUR POTENTIAL OF THE REGION (TERRITORY) AND THE USE OF CONCEPTUAL APPARATUS

2020 ◽  
pp. 246-253
Author(s):  
Вадим Константинович Култашов
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Labour Potential ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Labor Potential

Несмотря на высокий интерес ученых из различных сфер к исследованию понятия «трудовой потенциал», в настоящее время до сих пор не сформирован единый категориальный аппарат раскрытия сущности понятия. Цель статьи - сформулировать определение понятия «трудовой потенциал» на микро и макро - уровнях, основываясь на методологии системного подхода. Это особенно актуально для оценки трудового потенциала с экономической точки зрения. Научная новизна заключается в попытке поиска решения следующих исследовательских задач: очертить контуры понятия «трудовой потенциал», основываясь на исследованиях статистики, демографии и других наук; провести сравнение теорий управления трудовым потенциалом; рассмотреть особенности подходов к пониманию сущности понятия «трудовой потенциал»; раскрыть составные элементы понятия «трудовой потенциал». Сформулированные выводы по итогам проведенного исследования необходимы для уточнения терминологии и понимания сущности понятия «трудовой потенциал» в едином виде различными учеными, поскольку роль трудового потенциала в современной рыночной экономике - как фактора роста социально-экономического развития государства очень велика. Despite the high interest of different scientists to the investigation of «labor potential» concept, nowadays we don’t have a unified categorical apparatus for revealing the essence of the concept. This is especially relevant for assessing labour potential from an economic point of view. The article attempts to find a solution to five research problems: to outline the concept of «labor potential», based on statistics and demography data. The article compares labour potential management theories, analyzes the peculiarities of approaches to understanding the concept of «labour potential» reveals the constituent elements of the «labour potential» concept based on the methodology of the system approach and defines «labour potential» at micro and macro levels. The conclusions drawn from the study are necessary to clarify the terminology and understanding of the «labor potential» concept since the role of labor potential in the modern market economy is an essential factor in its socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Water Crisis in Pakistan: A Historical Analysis of Kalabagh Dam

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Muahammad Ayaz ◽  
Dr. Sadaf Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Water Storage ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Canal Water ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Water is the requirement of life and a backing force of socio-economic development. Due to some human interference in natural activities, the global environment is changing rapidly. Resultantly, water resources are on the verge of diminution. The case of Pakistan is much alarming as it is an agricultural country depending on canal water. Any shortage of water will near ly defunctionalize the canal system of Pakistan. Some experts claim that Pakistan may become dry by 2025 if she did not build any big water storage. From the economic point of view, the agriculture portion in Pakistan’s total economy is 21% to Domestic Gross Product (GDP) and above 45% to the labor force. K alabagh Dam can be fruitful in these circumstances because it will generate 3600 Mega Watt (MW) electricity and will store 6.1 Million Acre Feet (MAF) water. After discussing the water crisis in Pakistan, this paper is analyzing the role of KBD as a remedy to water scarcity, electricity shortfall as well as the politics of water.

scholarly journals Infrastructure development in Africa’s regions: investment trends and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Alina Ibragimova ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Michail Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Industrial Sectors

The purpose of this work is to provide information on the development of the infrastructure of the African economy. The study provides statistics on African regions and industries. This article focuses on the forms of economic and social infrastructure, and directs to determine the share development infrastructural in Africa. The Africa has entered an era of devastating change this study shows that with the unfolding economic downturn in the northern economies that have traditionally dominated the global economy. The article provides empirical evidence on how the industrial sectors developed from an economic point of view. The authors believe that infrastructure affects output and productivity directly as a contribution to the production function of other sectors and as part of GDP formation. The article discusses the development of infrastructure for the period 1999-2019 without more detailed dynamics. It also does not explain the main topics developed by the authors. The work provides knowledge on how investments are developing in Africa, how industries have developed, and what is the role of each infrastructure sector in this development. It also shows how different areas of infrastructure work with different successes in creating new paths in the African economy.

scholarly journals Influence of strategic points in the dispersion of Aedes aegypti in infested areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerson Laurindo Barbosa ◽  
Mariana De Oliveira Lage ◽  
Valmir Roberto Andrade ◽  
Antônio Henrique Alves Gomes ◽  
Jose Alberto Quintanilha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Vector Control Program

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether sites with large amount of potential breeding sites for immature forms of Aedes aegypti, called strategic points, influence in the active vector’s dispersion into properties in their surroundings. METHODS: We selected four areas in the municipality of Campinas, three of them with strategic points classified as high, moderate, and low risk according to infestation and a control area, without strategic points. Between October 2015 and September 2016, we monthly installed oviposition traps and evaluated the infestation by Ae. aegypti in all properties of each selected area. To verify if there was vector dispersion from each strategic point, based on its location, we investigated the formation of clusters with excess of eggs or larvae or pupae containers, using the Gi spatial statistics. RESULTS: The amount of eggs collected in the ovitraps and the number of positive containers for Ae. aegypti did not show clusters of high values concerning its distance from the strategic point. Both presented random distribution not spatially associated with the positioning of strategic points in the area. CONCLUSIONS: Strategic points are not confirmed as responsible for the vector’s dispersion for properties in their surroundings. We highlight the importance of reviewing the current strategy of the vector control program in Brazil, seeking a balance from the technical, operational, and economic point of view, without disregarding the role of strategic points as major producers of mosquitoes and their importance in the dissemination of arboviruses in periods of transmission.

scholarly journals Patients’ empowerment and the role of patients’ education

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Health Decision Making ◽  
Health Decision ◽  
Access Information ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training ◽  
Educational Aspect

Society has changed dramatically in recent decades not only from the demographic, social and economic point of view, but also from the educational aspect. The current population has higher levels of education than in previous times and can access information in a relatively easy way. In addition, the relationship between the healthcare professional and the patient has evolved from the paternalistic medicine to a more informed and participatory patient-provider relationship. Patient participation and empowerment in the health decision-making process means that the patient has the opportunity to share his/her opinion, knowledge, experience and expectations with other patients, as well as with the health professionals in order to make informed decisions. With this evolution of the role of the patient in the current society, patients have asked for multidisciplinary and coordinated work among professionals to respond to their needs for diagnosis, control and treatment. Patient's participation and empowerment can be conducted both, in the management of the disease, as well as helping to improve different aspects of health services. Participation and empowerment also mean representing other patients. In all cases, patients’ education and training, using clear and plain language, and patients’ confidence play a pivotal role. The aim of this review is to present a summary of the scope of the situation regarding patients’ empowerment and education.

scholarly journals Rola infrastruktury transportu jako jednego z czynników rozwoju regionalnego

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Jakub Majewski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Infrastructure Investments

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja miejsca infrastruktury transportowej w programowaniu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego oraz analiza charakteru i roli tego czynnika w wybranych teoriach rozwoju regionalnego. Pierwsza część pracy opisuje metodę badań oraz wykorzystywane źródła. Część druga zawiera syntetyczny przegląd literatury z zakresu ekonomiki transportu i wskazuje na elementy kluczowe z punktu widzenia rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego oraz, co za tym idzie, zainteresowania władz publicznych. W części trzeciej opisana jest dyskusja tocząca się wokół oczekiwanej roli inwestycji infrastrukturalnych oraz ich miejsca w wybranych koncepcjach rozwoju regionalnego. Koncentruje się ona wokół dylematu „wyprzedzającego”, bądź „wtórnego” modelu rozbudowy infrastruktury, a także roli tego zagadnienia na tle innych czynników rozwoju regionalnego. Całość zamyka podsumowanie, które zawiera wnioski na temat roli sfery transportu we wspieraniu rozwoju regionów oraz konkluzję, zgodnie z którą infrastruktura transportu stanowi element niezbędny do kreowania dostępności i równolegle wewnętrznego potencjału regionów. The role of transport infrastructure as one of the regional development indicators The aim of this paper is to present the place of transport infrastructure in socio-economic development programming and to analyse the nature and role of this factor in selected theories of regional development. The first part of the paper describes the research method and sources used. The second part contains a synthetic review of the literature on transport economics and indicates the key elements from the point of view of socio-economic development and, consequently, the interest of public authorities. The third part describes the discussion on the expected role of infrastructure investments and their place in selected concepts of regional development. It focuses on the dilemma of the “anticipatory” or “secondary” model of infrastructure development and the role of this issue against the background of other regional development factors. The book closes with a conclusion on the role of the transport sphere in supporting regional development and the conclusion that transport infrastructure is an indispensable element in creating accessibility and, in parallel, the internal potential of regions.

scholarly journals The Role of Experts in Assessing Damages – A Law and Economics Account

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Faure ◽  
Louis Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Personal Injury ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Pure Economic Loss ◽  
Potential Problems

In this contribution we focus on the role of experts in the assessment of tort damages from an economic point of view. We distinguish two different aspects.First, we examine the role which economists might play in assessing damages in tort cases. This approach focuses on the insights that Law and Economics provides regarding the correct assessment of damages. We pay specific attention to two problematic forms of losses where economic insights may play an important role: pure economic loss and personal injury damage (both loss of income and compensation for immaterial losses due to fatal and non-fatal accidents).Second, we investigate from a Law and Economics point of view the role of experts in general (not only economists) in the assessment of damages. We discuss i.a. the question why experts may be involved in the assessment of damages, the potential problems (and the possible solutions) when using experts, and differences between party appointed experts and court appointed experts.It turns out that the economic analysis can provide a different, insightful viewpoint in some respects, such as the fact that market based mechanisms may help to provide incentives to party appointed experts to provide an accurate and objective damage assessment.

ROLE AND VALUE OF DIGITAL LITERACY

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Salidin Kaldybaev ◽  
◽  
Ainura Orozbaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Computer And Information Literacy ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Role Of Information

The article analyzes the importance of informatization of education in Kyrgyzstan, the role of information technology in improving the lives and activities of citizens. Informatization of education is a factor in the development of the education system as a whole. It allows the young generation to learn the capabilities of information technology, acquire skills and their application in life situations. The article traces the development of the concept of computer and information literacy, the constituent elements of these concepts. The development of mobile technologies, the adoption of conceptual documents on digital transformation made it possible to talk about the need to ensure digital literacy of citizens. The content of the concept of “digital literacy”, the point of view of researchers on this issue, and the varieties of this concept are analyzed.

The role of translators and interpreters in cascading crises and disasters

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156
Author(s):  
David E. Alexander ◽  
Gianluca Pescaroli
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Strategies ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain the significance of cascading crises for translators and interpreters, and how their work may be affected by such events. It provides a theoretical basis for analysis and field practice. Design/methodology/approach The authors define cascades and explain how they influence the development of preparedness, mitigation and response. The authors identify key drivers of cascading crises and discuss how they challenge conventional approaches to emergency management. The authors discuss ways in which use of language could be a key factor in crisis escalation. The authors define priorities and operational challenges of cascading crises for translators and interpreters. In terms of methodology, this paper develops a conceptual framework that can be used for future enquiry and case history analysis. Findings The authors provide a qualitative description and synthesis of the key instructions to be used in the field. The authors offer a short list of key questions that can be referred to by linguists and scholars. The authors identify situations in which translation and interpretation are important ingredients in the success of emergency preparedness and response efforts. These include multilingual populations, migrant crises, international humanitarian deployment and emergency communication during infrastructure failures. Research limitations/implications This work has academic value for the process of understanding cascades and practical relevance in terms of how to deal with them. Practical implications Translators and interpreters need to understand cascading crises in order to be prepared for the challenges that such events will present. Social implications Society has become more complex and interconnected, with non-linear cascading escalation of secondary emergencies. Emergency planners and responders need to address this in new ways. Effective communication and information strategies are essential to the mitigation of cascading disaster risk. Originality/value The study of cascading crises from a socio-economic point of view is relatively new, but it is important because society is increasingly dependent on networks that can propagate failure of information supply.

HR audit: social, psychological and economic aspects of implementation in the context of innovative changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (02(40)) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Andreev ◽  
E.V. Patrakov ◽  
G. Bhuvaneswari
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Modern Management

The article is devoted to the role of HR audit in creating an effective HR policy in the context of innovative transformations. Since the role of a person in production is constantly increasing, personnel management is becoming the most important factor in modern management. The staff is not always ready for changes and so-called innovations (changes) in the organization or enterprise. HR audit helps to build the work so that it is most effective both from an economic point of view for the organization itself, and in psychological and social terms for the staff. The structure and some criteria of HR audit are described. Possible results of the audit in the field of personnel and stages of its implementation are given.

Health Insurance and the Demand for Healthcare

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gerfin
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Cost Sharing ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Spending ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Rand Health Insurance Experiment

Health insurance increases the demand for healthcare. Since the RAND Health Insurance Experiment in the 1970s this has been demonstrated in many contexts and many countries. From an economic point of view this fact raises the concern that individuals demand too much healthcare if insured, which generates a welfare loss to society. This so-called moral hazard effect arises because individuals demand healthcare that has less value to them than it costs to provide it. For that reason, modern health insurance plans include demand side cost-sharing instruments like deductibles and copayments. There is a large and growing literature analyzing the effects of these cost-sharing instruments on healthcare demand. Three issues have recently received increasing attention. First, cost-sharing instruments such as yearly deductibles combined with stop losses create nonlinear price schedules and dynamic incentives. This generates the question of whether patients understand the incentives and what price individuals use to determine their healthcare demand. Second, it appears implausible that patients know the benefits of healthcare (which is crucial for the moral hazard argument). If patients systematically underestimated these benefits they would demand too little healthcare without health insurance. Providing health insurance and increasing healthcare demand in this case may increase social welfare. Finally, what is the role of healthcare providers? They have been completely absent in the majority of the literature analyzing the demand for healthcare, but there is striking evidence that the physicians often determine large parts of healthcare spending.

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