scholarly journals Effect of thickness and matrix variability on properties of a starch-based nanocomposite supple film

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-422
Author(s):  
A. Fadeyibi ◽  
Z.D. Osunde
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Nanocomposite Film ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Zinc Nanoparticles ◽  
Reduced Modulus ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Desirability Index

In this research, the effects of matrix variability and thickness on the properties of a flexible nanocomposite film were investigated. The nanocomposite film was prepared from the blends of 1 kg cassava starch, 45–55% (w/v) glycerol and 0–2% (w/v) zincnanoparticles in thickness ranging from 15 −17 µm. The barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties were determined experimentally. The optimal effects of the thickness and the matrix variability on the properties were determined using Response Surface Methodology. Results showed that the barrier properties increased with glycerol concentration but decreased with thickness. Reduced modulus and tensile strength increased with an increase in the matrix variability. The film was thermally stable up to 60.43oC with only 2% degradation. The optimal film contains 55% glycerol, 2% zinc nanoparticles with a thickness of 17 µm at a desirability index of 0.95. This can therefore be essential for industrial application

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF STARCH-GLYCEROL CONCENTRATION RATIO ON MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF CASSAVA STARCH-BASED BIOPLASTICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah ◽  
Oceu Dwi Putri ◽  
Winda Windi Sugandi
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Elongation At Break

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different starch-glycerol concentration ratio on mechanical and thermal properties of cassava starch bioplastics. Bioplastics were prepared by mixing starch with glycerol at different starch-glycerol w/w ratio (2.5:1, 2.75:1, 3:1 and 3.5:1). Mechanical properties was evaluated by measuring tensile strength and elongation at break where thermal properties was assessed by thermogravimetric analysis to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg), melting temperature (Tm) and melting enthalpy (ΔHm) of bioplastics. Microstructure and chemical interactions in bioplastics were evaluated by SEM and FTIR. The surface hydrophobicity was determined by measuring the water contact angle. The increase of starch-glycerol concentration in bioplastics formed rough surface where the interaction of glycerol and starch molecules mainly occurred through hydrogen bonds. It also formed stronger and more rigid structure with the increase in tensile strength from 1.90 MPa to 2.47 MPa and the decrease in elongation at break from 8.55% to 5.92%. Furthermore, the increase of starch-glycerol concentration increased Tg from 37.5 ºC to 38.6 ºC, Tm from 96.3 ºC to 120.7 ºC and ΔHm from 100.4 J/g to 155 J/g. Moreover, surface contact angle of bioplastics was increased from 40.6º to 60.2º with the increase of starch-glycerol concentration ratio.

Experimental investigation, modeling and optimization study on the mechanical properties of B4Cp/MWCNT/epoxy multi-scale hybrid composite

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112097118
Author(s):  
Mustafa Taşyürek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
The Matrix

In this study, process parameters and mechanical properties of the multi-scale composite were investigated experimentally and predictably. Multi-scale material includes boron carbide particles and multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in the epoxy-based matrix. Both reinforcements were reinforced into the matrix with various rates simultaneously. Average three tensile strength and hardness values were determined. The tensile strength and hardness were enhanced thanks to high rate of B4C usage up to 54.09% and 2.54%, respectively. The microstructure of the hybrid composite was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Also, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was used to interpret spectral bands. The experimental data were analyzed using optimization method. Optimal process parameters for tensile strength and interfacial properties were determined. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to obtain most significant factor and optimum levels of parameters. Finally, it was observed that B4C ratio is the most dominant factor affecting the mechanical and thermal properties.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Cellulose Nanocomposites with Aluminum Nanoadditives

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1246
Author(s):  
Shih-Chen Shi ◽  
Tao-Hsing Chen ◽  
Pramod Kumar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Tribology Performance

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) is a common hydrophilic and biodegradable polymer that can form films. This study incorporated aluminum nanoadditives as an enhancement reagent into a HPMC matrix. Mechanical properties of nanocompoistes, including the tensile strength and the elastic modulus, were analyzed with a nano-tensile tester. The incorporation of additives in HPMC films significantly enhances their mechanical and film barrier properties. Evidence of bonding between the additive and matrix was observed by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer analysis. The additives occupy the spaces in the pores of the matrix, which increases the tendency of the pore to collapse and improves the chemical bonding between the base material and the additives. The incorporation of excess additives decreases the tensile strength due to ineffective collisions between the additives and the matrix. The wear test proves that the addition of nano-additives can improve the tribology performance of the HPMC composite while reducing the wear volume and the friction. Bonding between the nanoadditives and the matrix does not help release the nanoadditives into the wear interface as a third-body layer. The main reason to enhance the tribology performance is that the nanoadditives improve the load-capacity of the composite coating. This hybrid composite can be useful in many sustainability applications.

scholarly journals Optimization and Prediction of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Graphene/LLDPE Nanocomposites by Using Artificial Neural Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Noorunnisa Khanam ◽  
MA AlMaadeed ◽  
Sumaaya AlMaadeed ◽  
Suchithra Kunhoth ◽  
M. Ouederni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

The focus of this work is to develop the knowledge of prediction of the physical and chemical properties of processed linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/graphene nanoplatelets composites. Composites made from LLDPE reinforced with 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 wt% grade C graphene nanoplatelets (C-GNP) were processed in a twin screw extruder with three different screw speeds and feeder speeds (50, 100, and 150 rpm). These applied conditions are used to optimize the following properties: thermal conductivity, crystallization temperature, degradation temperature, and tensile strength while prediction of these properties was done through artificial neural network (ANN). The three first properties increased with increase in both screw speed and C-GNP content. The tensile strength reached a maximum value at 4 wt% C-GNP and a speed of 150 rpm as this represented the optimum condition for the stress transfer through the amorphous chains of the matrix to the C-GNP. ANN can be confidently used as a tool to predict the above material properties before investing in development programs and actual manufacturing, thus significantly saving money, time, and effort.

Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Aliphatic-Aromatic Copolyesters Nanocomposites Containing POSS

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2028-2031
Author(s):  
Bing Tao Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Zheng Ping Fang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
The Matrix

Biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters/POSS nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ melt copolycondensation of terephthalic acid (TPA), poly(L-lactic acid) oligomer (OLLA), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) reagents (POSS-NH2 and POSS-PEG). The morphologies and dispersions of two POSS reagents in the nanocomposites and their effects on the mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. TEM and XRD characterizations confirmed that POSS-NH2 formed crystalline microaggregates and took poor dispersions in the nanocomposite, while POSS-PEG had better dispersion in the matrix. Due to the good dispersion and interfacial adhesion of POSS-PEG with the copolyester PBTL matrix, the tensile strength and the Young’s modulus greatly increased for PBTL/POSS-PEG nanocomposite. Moreover, compared with POSS-NH2 the existence of POSS-PEG imparted PBTL good flexibility and increased the mobility of the chains, so the glass-transition temperature and the heat of melting as well as the elongation at break were obviously influenced for PBTL/POSS-PEG nanocomposite.

Preparation and Characterization of Cassava Starch-Chitosan/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 484-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zhong Mo ◽  
Chen Mo ◽  
Xiang Qi ◽  
Ren Huan Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Properties Testing ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Xrd And Tem

Biopolymer cassava starch(ST)-chitosan(CS)/montmorillonite(MMT) nanocomposites were prepared in which MMT was used as nanofiller and diluted acetic acid was used as solvent for dissolving and dispersing cassava starch, chitosan and MMT. XRD and TEM results indicated the formation of an exfoliated nanostructure of ST-CS/MMT nanocomposites. Mechanical properties testing revealed that at the range of the MMT content from 1wt% to 5wt%, tensile strength of the composites increased from 30MPa to 37.5MPa. But the elongation at break fall from 28% to 22% with the increasing of MMT. Obviously, MMT had an enforced effect to the composites. TGA results showed that the nano-dispersed MMT improved the thermal stability of the matrix systematically with the increasing of MMT.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Edible Film Pati Sagu Alami dan Pati Sagu Fosfat dengan Penambahan Gliserol (Characteristics of Edible Film from Native and Phosphate Sago Starches with the Addition of Glycerol)

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Febby Jeanry Polnaya ◽  
La Ega ◽  
Devidson Wattimena
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Water Vapour Transmission Rate ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of several glycerol concentrations in the making of edible film from native and phosphate sago starch on physical, mechanical and barrier properties of the film. A completely randomized experimental design was applied in this study consisting of two factors of treatments, i.e.: native and phosphate sago starch, and the second factor was glycerol concentration with three levels of treatments, i.e.: 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % (w/w). The films were characterized for tensile strength, elongation, solubility, transparency, and water vapor transmission rate. Edible films have produced characteristics for tensile strength from 3.05 to 31.49 MPa, elongation from 3.03 to 20.94 %, solubility from 33.44 to 42.43 %, transparency from 0.59 to 4.14 %, and water vapour transmission rate from 7.76 to 15.80 g/m2.h. Glycerol was found to affect the increase of elongation, solubility, and water vapour transmission rate, as well as the decrease of its tensile strength and transparancy. The films made from sago starch phosphate showed to increase the solubility and to have significant effect compared with native sago starch, but not affecting the other properties. ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan beberapa konsentrasi gliserol pada pembuatan edible film dari pati sagu alami dan pati sagu fosfat terhadap sifat fisik, mekanik dan barrier film. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu perlakuan jenis pati sagu dengan dua taraf perlakuan yaitu: pati sagu alami dan pati sagu fosfat dan tiga taraf konsentrasi gliserol yaitu: 0,5, 1,0 dan 1,5 % (b/b). Peubah yang diamati adalah tensile strength¸ elongasi, daya larut, transparansi, dan laju transmisi uap air. Karakteristik edible film yang dihasilkan meliputi tensile strength adalah 3,05 - 31,49 MPa, elongasi 3,03 - 20,94 %, daya larut 33,44 - 42,43 %, transparansi 0,59 - 4,14 %, dan laju transmisi uap air 7,76 - 15,80 g/m2.jam. Penambahan gliserol menyebabkan elongasi, daya larut, dan laju transmisi uap air meningkat, tetapi tensile strength dan transparansinya menurun. Perlakuan pati sagu fosfat hanya menyebabkan daya larut film meningkat, tetapi tidak untuk sifat-sifat film lainnya.Kata kunci: Edible film; gliserol; pati sagu alami; pati sagu fosfat

Combination of silk fabric and natural rubber for the development of green composites: Influence of curing on mechanical and thermal properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110491
Author(s):  
Thanuj Kumar M ◽  
Sanga Shetty S G ◽  
Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee ◽  
Ladawan Songtipya ◽  
Yeampon Nakaramontri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Silk Fabric ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Stability

Unmodified natural rubber is not suitable for any elstomeric applications. Therefore, it is appropriate to modify natural rubber chemically to enhance the stability, which can be termed as vulcanization. Incorporation of fibers/fabrics is a common method to increase the stability of natural rubber along with chemical modification. Natural rubber-based composites have been prepared by the addition of silk fabric into natural rubber. The matrix material for the composite is glutaraldehyde cured natural rubber. Silk is an ecofriendly and biodegradable material with excellent tensile strength. When such kind of fabric is introduced into the vulcanized rubber as the matrix, all the physical properties were found to be enhanced considerably. Tensile properties in terms of ultimate tensile strength, elongation at break, and modulus of elasticity are measured for the composites of natural rubber/silk fabric at various glutaraldehyde concentrations. Thermogravimetric analysis and temperature scanning stress relaxation techniques are employed to evaluate the thermal stability of the resulting composites. Effects of glutaraldehyde addition on the physical properties of the composite were studied in detail. Considerable enhancement in the stability of natural rubber in terms of tensile properties, thermal stability, and solvent resistance is noticed up on the incorporation of silk fabric as well as glutaraldehyde curing.

scholarly journals Development of green MMT-modified hemicelluloses based nanocomposite film with enhanced functional and barrier properties

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 8029-8047
Author(s):  
Kassim M. Haafiz ◽  
Owolabi F. A. Taiwo ◽  
Nadhilah Razak ◽  
Hashim Rokiah ◽  
Hussin M. Hazwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Nanocomposite Film ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

A biocomposite was successfully prepared by blending montmorillonite (MMT)/hemicellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) through solution casting. The composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results displayed good compatibility between the mixtures of the blended MMT/hemicellulose and CMC due to the hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. There was an improvement in the thermal analysis through their thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), mechanical properties (tensile strength and tensile modulus),and water vapor permeability (WVP). The best values of tensile strength and tensile modulus of 47.5 MPa and 2.62 MPa, respectively, were obtained from 60H-40CMC-MMT nanocomposite films. The results showed that the mixture of the blended MMT/hemicelluloses and CMC produced a robust nanocomposite film with improved physical and mechanical properties, demonstrating that it is a promising candidate for green packaging applications.

scholarly journals Studi Pembuatan Edible Film Gel Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) dengan Penambahan Pati Singkong

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Siti Mukaromatul Muslimah ◽  
Warkoyo Warkoyo ◽  
Sri Winarsih
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Distilled Water

Edible film is an organic material packaging that has plastic-like properties but is biodegradable. The components of the edible film include hydrocolloids. Okra gel is a long chain hydrocoloid polysaccharide with a high molecular weight and a constituent protein containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances. The hydrophilic characteristics are used to improve the physical properties of solubility. Meanwhile, hydrophobic characteristics are used to improve barrier properties (WVTR). Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is one of the cultivated plants that is currently underutilized by the community but has benefits and high nutritional content. The addition of cassava starch aims to increase the strength of the edible film. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of okra gel proportion and cassava starch concentration in making edible films which can produce edible film characteristics that meet the standards.This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The first factor is the ratio of okra gel and distilled water (1: 3; 1: 1; 3: 1, 1:0). The second factor is the concentration of cassava starch (2.5% and 5% (w / v)). The parameters tested were yield of raw materials, thickness, solubility, transparency, tensile strength, elongation, WVTR (Water Vapor Transmison Rate) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy).The results showed that there was no interaction between okra gel and cassava starch. However, the comparison of okra gel and distilled water had a significant effect on the transparency value with an average of 0.89-1.60 A546 / mm. The concentration of cassava starch has a significant effect on transparency 0.89-1.60 A546 / mm, tensile strength 0.97-2.33%. Edible film with the best treatment was obtained in G2P1 treatment (ratio of okra gel and distilled water (1: 1) and 2.5% cassava starch) with a thickness of 0.08mm, transparency 0.58A546 / mm, WVTR 3.87g / m2 / 24h, elongation 9.24%, tensile strength 0.74MPa and solubility 23.56%. And SEM analysis results show uneven morphology.

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