scholarly journals Does rumination function as a longitudinal mediator between mindfulness and depressive symptoms?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tasmin Jury
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Longitudinal Mediation ◽  
Acting With Awareness

<p>The present study was designed to longitudinally examine the relationships among dispositional mindfulness, rumination, and depressive symptoms in adults and determine whether rumination mediated the expected negative association between mindfulness and depressive symptoms across time. A community sample of 483 New Zealand adults completed self-report measures of mindfulness, rumination and depressive symptoms initially and again after three months and a third time a further three months later. The predicted cross-lag associations were found, and in consequence, the predicted longitudinal mediation was supported in the data as well. That is, rumination mediated the negative association between mindfulness and depressive symptoms. In addition, three of the five facets of mindfulness (acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reacting) exhibited the longitudinal mediation through rumination to depressive symptoms. The findings of this research suggest that certain aspects of mindfulness function to reduce rumination, which then serve to diminish depressive symptoms.</p>

scholarly journals Does rumination function as a longitudinal mediator between mindfulness and depressive symptoms?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tasmin Jury
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Longitudinal Mediation ◽  
Acting With Awareness

<p>The present study was designed to longitudinally examine the relationships among dispositional mindfulness, rumination, and depressive symptoms in adults and determine whether rumination mediated the expected negative association between mindfulness and depressive symptoms across time. A community sample of 483 New Zealand adults completed self-report measures of mindfulness, rumination and depressive symptoms initially and again after three months and a third time a further three months later. The predicted cross-lag associations were found, and in consequence, the predicted longitudinal mediation was supported in the data as well. That is, rumination mediated the negative association between mindfulness and depressive symptoms. In addition, three of the five facets of mindfulness (acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reacting) exhibited the longitudinal mediation through rumination to depressive symptoms. The findings of this research suggest that certain aspects of mindfulness function to reduce rumination, which then serve to diminish depressive symptoms.</p>

Does Dispositional Mindfulness Predict the Development of Grit?

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buaphrao Raphiphatthana ◽  
Paul Jose ◽  
Karen Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Acting With Awareness ◽  
Mindfulness Facets

Abstract. Grit, that is, perseverance and passion for long-term goals, is a novel construct that has gained attention in recent years ( Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, & Kelly, 2007 ). To date, little research has been performed with the goal of identifying the antecedents of grit. Thus, in order to fill this gap in the literature, self-report data were collected to examine whether mindfulness, a mindset of being-in-the-present in a nonjudgmental way, plays a role in fostering grittiness. Three hundred and forty-three undergraduate students completed an online survey once in a cross-sectional study, and of these, 74 students completed the survey again 4.5 months later. Although the cross-sectional analyses identified a number of positive associations between mindfulness and grit, the longitudinal analysis revealed that the mindfulness facets of acting with awareness and non-judging were the most important positive predictors of grit 4.5 months later. This set of findings offers implications for future grit interventions.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Associations between Internalizing Symptoms, Dispositional Mindfulness, Rumination and Impulsivity in Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estíbaliz Royuela-Colomer ◽  
Liria Fernández-González ◽  
Izaskun Orue
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
One Year

AbstractMindfulness has been associated with fewer negative mental health symptoms during adolescence, but fewer studies have examined longitudinal associations between mindfulness and symptoms in conjunction with two vulnerability factors for psychopathology with mindfulness: rumination and impulsivity. This study examined longitudinal associations between internalizing symptoms (depression, anxiety, stress), mindfulness, rumination, and impulsivity over a one-year period among 352 Spanish adolescents (57.4% girls; M = 14.47, SD = 1.34). Participants completed self-reported measures of symptoms, mindfulness, rumination, and impulsivity at two time points. Mindfulness negatively predicted stress and depressive symptoms, and a bidirectional negative association was found between mindfulness and impulsivity. Impulsivity positively predicted stress, and anxiety positively predicted depressive symptoms, stress, and rumination. This study highlights the importance of mindfulness as a protective factor and impulsivity and anxiety as risk factors for internalizing symptoms throughout adolescence. These findings build on previous studies that examined longitudinal associations between mindfulness and symptoms by including rumination and impulsivity’s roles.

scholarly journals Converging evidence for enduring perceptions of low social status in individuals in remission from depression.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Gillard ◽  
Siobhan Gormley ◽  
Kirsty Griffiths ◽  
Caitlin Hitchcock ◽  
Jason Stretton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Depressive Episodes

BackgroundThe risk of depressive relapse and recurrence is amplified by social risk factors including the perception of low social status. MethodsWe aimed to identify enduring difficulties with the perception of social status in a community sample with a self-reported history of mental health difficulties (Study 1) and, more specifically, in individuals in clinical remission from depression, relative to a never-depressed control group, and relative to a group experiencing a current depressive episode (Study 2). ResultsIn Study 1, elevated depressive symptoms were associated with perceptions of low social status which significantly differed between individuals with and without a self-reported history of mental health difficulties. Study 2 found enduring deficits in perceptions of social status in remitted depressed individuals, in the absence of current symptoms. LimitationsWe were unable to discern between historical or current clinical diagnosis in the community sample of Study 1, as we were reliant on self-report. We were unable to explore the effects of medication or causal relationships between depressive symptoms and social status as the studies were cross-sectional in nature. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that disrupted socio-cognitive profiles across a range of affiliative processes may confer increased vulnerability to future depressive episodes in those in remission.

Associations between cognitive errors and mental health status in New Zealand adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-290
Author(s):  
Tatiana Tairi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Cognitive Errors ◽  
Cognitive Error

AbstractBackground:Cognitive models of psychopathology suggest that negatively biased thinking styles are involved in the development and maintenance of emotional disturbances.Aims:The present study examined the relationships between negative cognitive errors and indices of mental health status (i.e. anxiety and depression) in New Zealand adolescents.Method:A community sample of 490 youth aged 16–18 years completed an anonymous online survey consisting of the Children’s Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire (CNCEQ), the Trait subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).Results:Negative cognitive errors correlated positively with greater levels of anxious and depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that overall cognitive error score was a strong predictor of adolescents’ self-reported anxious symptoms and, to a lesser extent, depressive symptoms. Moreover, cognitive errors significantly differentiated between adolescents with high scores from adolescents with low scores on both the anxiety (STAI-T) and the depression (CES-D) scales.Conclusions:These findings lend support to the generalizability of Beck’s cognitive theory to a New Zealand adolescent population and highlight the importance of focusing on prevention and early intervention programmes that directly target these faulty or biased ways of thinking in adolescents with anxious and/or depressive symptoms before meeting diagnostic criteria.

scholarly journals Internet addiction: prevalence, discriminant validity and correlates among adolescents in Hong Kong

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
King-Wa. Fu ◽  
Wincy S. C. Chan ◽  
Paul W. C. Wong ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychosocial Conditions

BackgroundDespite increasing concern over the potential adverse effects of excessive internet use, especially in young people, there is some debate over its definition, magnitude and discriminant validity.AimsTo examine the prevalence of adolescents' internet addiction in Hong Kong, China; to test its differentiation from other correlates; and to examine its relationships with correlates in a representative community sample of adolescents.MethodA two-wave panel household survey with 208 adolescents (aged 15–19 years) was conducted. Participants were asked to self-report their patterns of internet usage, symptoms of internet addiction, suicidal ideation, psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial conditions during the study period.ResultsThe prevalence rate for having five or more symptoms of internet addiction was estimated to be 6.7% (95% CI 3.3–10.2). The discriminatory characteristic of internet addiction was marginally demonstrated. Positive dose–response relationships were found between the number of symptoms of internet addiction and 1-year changes in scores for suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsEvidence supports the specificity of internet addiction and its symptoms seem to co-occur with individuals' suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Stressful life events moderate the effect of neural reward responsiveness in childhood on depressive symptoms in adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1548-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon L. Goldstein ◽  
Ellen M. Kessel ◽  
Autumn Kujawa ◽  
Megan C. Finsaas ◽  
Joanne Davila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Depression Symptoms

AbstractBackgroundReward processing deficits have been implicated in the etiology of depression. A blunted reward positivity (RewP), an event-related potential elicited by feedback to monetary gain relative to loss, predicts new onsets and increases in depression symptoms. Etiological models of depression also highlight stressful life events. However, no studies have examined whether stressful life events moderate the effect of the RewP on subsequent depression symptoms. We examined this question during the key developmental transition from childhood to adolescence.MethodsA community sample of 369 children (mean age of 9) completed a self-report measure of depression symptoms. The RewP to winning v. losing was elicited using a monetary reward task. Three years later, we assessed stressful life events occurring in the year prior to the follow-up. Youth depressive symptoms were rated by the children and their parents at baseline and follow-up.ResultsStressful life events moderated the effect of the RewP on depression symptoms at follow-up such that a blunted RewP predicted higher depression symptoms in individuals with higher levels of stressful life events. This effect was also evident when events that were independent of the youth's behavior were examined separately.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the RewP reflects a vulnerability for depression that is activated by stress.

scholarly journals Does Mindfulness Reduce Maternal Stress and Promote Mother-Infant Bonding in NICU?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Khoramirad ◽  
Mojtaba Ansarishahidi ◽  
Hasan Rezaei Jamaloei ◽  
Parvaneh Sadeghi Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Parental Stress ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Postpartum Bonding ◽  
Acting With Awareness ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stressor Scale

Abstract Purpose Having an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) is highly stressful and it implicated in mother infant bonding. This study investigated the relationship between mothers’ dispositional mindfulness and level of stress and quality of bonding.Methods Self-report measures of Dispositional Mindfulness, Parental Stressor Scale, and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire were administered to 120 mothers with newborns admitted in the NICUs in three hospitals in Qom city in Iran. The data analysis was carried out by using a hierarchical multiple regression.Results Mean score of stress, bonding and mindfulness were 114.29±27.33, 67.77±5.38, and 126.27±22.39 respectively. There was a significant inverse relationship between total mindfulness score and mother’s parental stress. Also, high scores of stress were associated with greater impairment in bonding. Observing and acting with awareness led to better mother to infant bonding.Conclusions Improvements in mindfulness could help mothers to reduce stress and better bonding whit their infants.

Discrimination and Sleep Impairment in American Indians and Alaska Natives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Danyluck ◽  
Irene V Blair ◽  
Spero M Manson ◽  
Mark L Laudenslager ◽  
Stacie L Daugherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Alaska Natives ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Sleep Impairment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Sleep impairment may be a key pathway through which discrimination undermines health. Links between discrimination and sleep in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) have not been established. Further, it is unclear if such links might depend on the timing of discrimination or if socioeconomic status (SES) might buffer the impact of discrimination. Purpose To investigate associations between interpersonal discrimination and sleep impairment in urban AI/AN, for both lifetime and recent discrimination, and controlling for other life stressors. Education and income, indices of SES, were tested as potential moderators. Methods A community sample of urban AI/AN (N = 303, 18–78 years old, 63% female) completed self-report measures of sleep impairment, lifetime and recent discrimination, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, other life stressors (childhood adversity and past year major events), and socio-demographic characteristics. Results Lifetime discrimination was associated with impaired sleep in AI/AN after adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics, recent depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and other life stressors. Past-week discrimination was associated with sleep in unadjusted but not adjusted models. Education, but not income, was found to buffer the effects of both lifetime and past-week discrimination on sleep in adjusted models. Conclusion Lifetime discrimination uniquely accounts for sleep impairment and may be especially harmful in those with less education. These findings suggest targeting interventions to those most in need. Limitations include the cross-sectional nature of the data. Longitudinal and qualitative work is needed to understand how education may buffer the effects of discrimination on sleep and perhaps other health problems in AI/AN.

Mindfulness, Self-compassion And Depressive Symptoms In Pregnant Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S420-S420 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
S. Xavier ◽  
E. Bento ◽  
J. Azevedo ◽  
M. Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Common Humanity ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Antenatal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Acting With Awareness ◽  
In Pregnancy

IntroductionDepressive symptoms in pregnancy are risk factors for postpartum depression and associated to adverse child outcomes (Glover, 2014). Depressive symptoms decreases after participation in mindfulness and self-compassion based interventions for pregnant women (e.g. Goodman et al., 2014). However, apart from intervention trials, there are not studies on the relationship between mindfulness, self-compassion and depressive symptoms in pregnancy (Zoeterman, 2014).ObjectiveTo explore the association between mindfulness, self-compassion and depressive symptoms in pregnant women.MethodsFour hundred and twenty-seven pregnant women (mean age: 32.56 ± 4.785 years) in their second trimester of pregnancy completed a set of self-report questionnaires validated for pregnancy: Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire-10 ([FMQ-10]; Azevedo et al., 2015; to evaluate Nonjudging of experience/NJ, acting with awareness (AA) and observing and describing (OD), Self-Compassion Scale ([SCS]; Bento et al., 2015; to evaluate self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity [CH], isolation, mindfulness and over-identification [OD]) and Postpartum Depression Screening Scale-24 (PDSS-24; Pereira et al., 2013). Only variables significantly correlated with the outcomes were entered in the multiple regression models.ResultsFMQ-10 and SCS Total scores were both significant predictors of PDSS-24 (B = –0.294,–0.272). Derealization and failure predictors were NJ and Isolation (B = –0.234; 0.384); Suicidal ideation predictor was NJ, OD and isolation (B = –0.152;–0.115; 0.334); concentration difficulties and anxiety predictors were isolation and CH (B = 0.296;–0.201); Sleep difficulties predictors were AA and isolation (B = –0.199; 0.248) (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsMindfulness and self-Ccompassion dimensions, particularly nonjudging of experience, acting with awareness, observing and describing are protective correlates of antenatal depressive symptoms. Isolation is a correlate of PD in pregnancy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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