scholarly journals Side Effects of Daily versus Weekly Iron Supplementation in Pregnant Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background & Objective: Iron supplementation in pregnant women is highly recommended, however there is reduced compliance due to the common gastrointestinal side effects. This study aimed to compare the clinical side effects between pregnant women with daily and weekly iron supplementation. Methods: Seventy-nine pregnant women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were given iron supplements every day (group 1, n=37) and twice a week (group 2, n=42). All numerical data were assessed by independent t-test. Side effects were assessed after one month of administration using a questionnaire containing complaints felt by pregnant women and were evaluated by chi-square test using SPSS 25. A P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The most common side effects of iron supplementation in both groups were black feces (35.4%) and nausea (31.6%). Nausea (45.9% vs. 19.0%; P<0.05) and constipation (35.1% vs. 11.9%; P<0.05) were more frequent in group 1 than in group 2, respectively. Other side effects, such as heartburn, flatulence, vomiting, black feces, and urine discoloration did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The daily iron supplementation elevated the episodes of nausea and constipation during pregnancy than the weekly supplementation. The daily iron supplementation in pregnant women increases the risk of side effects, potentially reducing compliance.

scholarly journals The fetus gender value in the structure of obstetric pathology in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
A. D. Fabrikant ◽  
T. I. Botasheva ◽  
A. N. Rymashevsky ◽  
Yu. A. Petrov ◽  
N. V. Palieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To study the obstetric pathology and delivery outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes depending on the sex of the fetus.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2014 histories of pregnancy and childbirth of women with gestational diabetes (GD) over the period of 2018-2021, was carried out. Two groups were formed based on the sex of the fetus: Group 1 (1012 pregnant women) with male fetuses and Group 2 (1002 pregnant women) with female fetuses. For statistical analysis, the proportions (%) were compared using the Pearson’s χ2 (chi-square) test.Results: It was proved that the male sex of the fetus is a risk factor for the GD and concomitant obstetric complications (placental insufficiency, risk of preterm birth, fetal macrosomia). The prevalence of hypotonic bleeding, defects of the placenta, and placenta increta, and related cases of manual control of the uterine cavity and uterus extirpation in mothers of boys with GD was established. Also, in patients of this group, birth injuries consisting in a rupture of the posterior labial commissure were significantly more often registered as a result of childbirth with a large fetus, while cases of cervical rupture prevailed in women with female fetuses.Conclusions: The revealed dependence of the nature of obstetric complications and the course of labor on the sex of the fetus in pregnant women with GD warrant developing a monitoring system that takes into account the gender of the fetus.

scholarly journals CLOSED TIBIAL FRACTURES

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1643-1648
Author(s):  
Hamid Saeed ◽  
Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman ◽  
Samee Javed Bhatti ◽  
Aamir Furqan
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Compression Plating ◽  
Dynamic Compression Plating ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: The objective is to compare the radiological outcome of closedinterlock intramedullary nailing versus dynamic compression plating in closed tibial fracture.Study Design: Randomized controlled trials. Setting: Department of orthopedics NishtarHospital Multan. Period: 9th July 2016 to March 2017. Methodology: There were 302 patientsdivided in two equal groups of 151. Permission was taken from the ethical committee of NishtarHospital. The 302 patients in age group 20-50 years of both genders meeting the inclusionand exclusion criteria attending the outpatient clinic or admitted to the orthopedics departmentthrough emergency were included in the study. All the data entered and analyzed usingcomputer software SPSS version 10. For quantitative variables like age and duration of fracturemean and standard deviation was calculated. For categorical variables like gender, malunionand infection frequency and percentage were calculated. Chi-square test was applied tocompare the malunion and infection in both groups. A p value 0.05 was considered statisticallysignificant. Results: The 100% (n=302) patients were divided into 2 groups equally, 151 ineach, i.e. intramedullary nail (group 1) and dynamic compression plating (group 2). The mainoutcome variables of this study were the malunion and infection. It was observed that malunionpresented as 57% (n=86) and 70.9% (n=107) in group 1 and group 2 respectively. It was alsoobserved that infection presented as 23.2% (n=35) and 37.1% (n=56) in group 1 and group 2respectively. After applying chi-square test, it was noted that malunion associated with groupshaving p-value 0.012. But it was not associated with gender, stratified age and duration offracture having p-values 0.497, 0.800 and 0.218 respectively. Similarly, after applying chi-squaretest, it was noted that infection associated with gender and groups having p-values 0.007 and0.008 respectively. But it was not associated with stratified age and duration of fracture havingp-values 0.565 and 0.344 respectively. Conclusion: Closed interlock intramedullary nailinghas malunion and infection rates less than dynamic compression plating. So closed interlockintramedullary nailing is preferred method of closed tibia diaphyseal fracture treatment.

HUBUNGAN UMUR DAN PARITAS IBU DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT Dr. MOHAMMAD HOESIN PALEMBANG TAHUN 2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Ida Muliana Wahyu Ida Muliana
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Hyperemesis Gravidarum marked excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnant women at a young age. WHO estimates that 536,000 women died from direct complications of pregnancy and childbirth. One complication of pregnancy is Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Hyperemesis Gravidarum in the world has been estimated to occur in 1-2% of pregnant. According to data from the Medical Record of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Hospital, the incidence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum in 2011 there were 72 people of 661 pregnant women. The purpose of this reseach was to determine the relationship between maternal age and parity with Hyperemesis Gravidarum in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Hospital 2011. The Design of this reseach used Cross Sectional by analytic approach survey. The population of this reseach are all of mother who gestational ≤ 16 weeks (four months) in the Installation of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Hospital in January to December of 2011 with the sample of 661 people which taken by systematic random sampling and the reseach was conducted from 17 April to 24 April 2012.  Each variable that was observed in tests using Chi-Square test with a (0.05).  The results of this study showed that 5.9% of mothers with hyperemesis gravidarum, 21.8% of mothers with high risk age, and 30.0% primigravida. Chi-Square test showed no significant relationship between age (p value = 0.000) and parity (p value = 0.000) with the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum. Expected to the Hospital to be implemented properly instructed how to provide counseling to pregnant women about pregnancy and childbirth, as well as provide confidence that the nausea and vomiting is a symptom of physiology in pregnancy.   ABSTRAK Hiperemesis Gravidarum ditandai mual dan muntah yang berlebihan terjadi pada ibu hamil di usia muda. WHO memperkirakan 536.000 perempuan meninggal dunia akibat langsung dari komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan. Salah satu komplikasi kehamilan adalah Hiperemesis Gravidarum. Insiden Hiperemesis Gravidarum di dunia telah diperkirakan terjadi pada 1-2% wanita hamil. Menurut data dari Medical Record Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, angka kejadian Hiperemesis Gravidarum pada tahun 2011 terdapat 72 orang dari 661 ibu hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur dan paritas ibu dengan kejadian Hiperemesis Gravidarum pada ibu di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang tahun 2011. Desain Penelitian ini menggunakan survei analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah dengan umur kehamilan ≤ 16 minggu (4 bulan) yang pernah dirawat inap di Instalasi Kebidanan dan Penyakit Kandungan Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang pada bulan Januari-Desember tahun 2011 dengan jumlah sample 661 orang yang diambil secara systematic Random Sampling (secara acak sistematis) dan penelitian ini dilakukan dari tanggal 17 April sampai dengan 24 April 2012. Masing-masing variabel yang diteliti di uji dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan a (0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 5,9% ibu mengalami hiperemesis gravidarum, 21,8% ibu dengan umur resiko tinggi, dan 30,0% ibu primigravida. Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara umur (p value = 0,000) dan paritas (p value = 0,000) dengan kejadian hiperemesis gravidarum. Diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi pihak Rumah Sakit agar dilaksanakan penyuluhan dengan cara memberikan konseling terhadap ibu hamil tentang kehamilan dan persalinan, serta memberikan keyakinan bahwa mual muntah merupakan gejala fisiologi pada kehamilan.

scholarly journals Do Camels (Camelus dromedarius) Need Shaded Areas? A Case Study of the Camel Market in Doha

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Martina Zappaterra ◽  
Laura Menchetti ◽  
Leonardo Nanni Costa ◽  
Barbara Padalino
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Variable Space ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Poor Welfare ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed at documenting whether dromedary camels have a preference for shade and how their behavior would change depending on the presence of shade and variable space allowance. A total of 421 animals kept in 76 pens (66 with shelter (Group 1), and 10 without shelter (Group 2)) at the camel market in Doha (Qatar) were recorded for 1 min around 11:00 a.m. when the temperature was above 40 °C. The number of animals in the sun and shade and their behaviors were analyzed using an ad libitum sampling method and an ad hoc ethogram. The results of a chi-square test indicated that camels in Group 1 had a clear preference for shade (p < 0.001). The majority of Group 1 camels were indeed observed in the shade (312/421; 74.11%). These camels spent more time in recumbency and ruminating, while standing, walking, and self-grooming were more commonly expressed by the camels in the sun (p < 0.001). Moreover, locomotory stereotypic behaviors (i.e., pacing) increased as space allowance decreased (p = 0.002). Based on the findings of this pilot study, camels demonstrated a preference for shade; shade seemed to promote positive welfare, while overcrowding seemed to trigger stereotypy and poor welfare. Overall, our preliminary results are novel and provide evidence that shaded areas are of paramount importance for camel welfare. Further research, involving designed studies at multiple locations is needed to confirm these results.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Kesehatan dengan Pendekatan Model Information Motivation Behavior Skill (IMB) terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Pola Konsumsi Sayur dan Buah pada Ibu Hamil

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Farhati Farhati ◽  
Riska Resmana ◽  
Dian Nurhadianti
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

<p>Low consumption of vegetables and fruit causes an increased risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. The results showed that the majority of pregnant women (52.9%) rarely consume vegetables and fruit in sufficient quantities as recommended. Therefore, it is necessary to provide education about the importance of vegetables and fruits consumption, one of which is through the Information Motivation Behavioral Skill (IMB) approach. This study aims to determine the effect of health education with the Information Motivation Behavior Skill (IMB) approach to increasing knowledge and consumption patterns of vegetables and fruits in pregnant women. This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre-post test design with control groups conducted in pregnant women in the city of Bandung with 60 samples using the observation sheet and questionnaire instruments. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The result of this study indicates that there are significant differences in knowledge and patterns of consumption of vegetables and fruit in pregnant women between the control and treatment groups with a p-value&lt;0.05. Information Motivation Behavior Skill (IMB) Health Education Model approach has a role in increasing the knowledge and consumption patterns of vegetables and fruits in pregnant women.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis Of Status KEK Pregnant Mother Towards Weight Low Body Event (LBW) In Manggari Puskesmas Kuningan District, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Usep Rusependhi ◽  
Diah Mulyawati Utari
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Chronic Energy Deficiency ◽  
The Status ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of

Babies born at LBW (Low Body Event) are at risk of disrupting the growth and development of the baby, as well as the occurrence of hypertension, heart disease and diabetes in old age. One of the factors causing LBW is the condition of CED (Chronic Energy Deficiency) experienced by mothers during pregnancy. The highest prevalence of LBW in Kuningan Regency in 2018 is in the working area of the Manggari Community Health Center, which is 11.8% with the prevalence of pregnant women CED 10.1%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of maternal CED status during pregnancy with LBW events. The study design uses case control from cohort registers of pregnant women. The total sample of the study were 114 infants, consisting of 38 cases and 76 controls who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the statistical analysis of the Chi-Square test, obtained p value = 0.002 and OR = 4.317 (95% CI: 1.776-10.495) which means that there is a significant relationship between the status of CED during pregnancy with LBW events, where pregnant women CED risk 4.317 times higher for LBW delivery compared to pregnant women who are not CED. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the status of CED of mothers during pregnancy with the incidence of LBW.

scholarly journals Comparison between use of combination of mifepristone and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone in the management of intrauterine fetal death

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2778
Author(s):  
Sreeveena Talasani ◽  
Pran Hitha Venkamolla ◽  
Kalpana Betha
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ultrasound Scan ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is estimated to occur in 1% of all pregnancies. The advent of prostaglandins has revolutionized the management of IUFD. There are limited studies using a combined regimen of mifepristone and misoprost for induction of labor in IUFD. Hence this study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and safety of combined regimen with misoprostol alone, in the management of IUFD.Methods: This hospital based prospective study included 60 pregnant women with IUFD admitted at Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences, during the period January 2015 to July 2016. An ultrasound scan was performed to confirm IUFD and localize the placenta. Women were divided alternatively into 2 groups with 30 in each group (group 1- women received 200 mg mifepristone orally followed by misoprostol after 24 hours & in group 2, 100 µg misoprostol  every 6 hourly for a maximum of 4 doses between gestational age  24-26 weeks, 25-50 µg 4 hourly for a maximum of 6 doses beyond 26 weeks).Results: The mean induction to delivery interval was 10 hours in group 1 and 16.3 hours in group 2 (p value 0.007). Mean dose of misoprostol required in group 1 was 1.87 and 2.67 in group 2 (p value 0.008). With respect to side effects, the two groups did not differ significantly.Conclusions: The combined regimen was more effective than misoprostol for the induction of labour in IUFD, in terms of higher rate of successful delivery and shorter induction to delivery interval. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of adverse effects with COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Sana Abbas ◽  
Beenish Abbas ◽  
Sidra Amir ◽  
Mehreen Wajahat
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disturbance ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Categorical Groups

Objectives: Vaccinations work with different mechanisms to offer protection against disease; however, process of immunity building can cause symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the immediate side effects of COVID–19 vaccination in the Pakistani Population. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Foundation University College of Dentistry, Islamabad from February to April 2021. 0.5 mL per dose of the Covid-19 vaccine was administered to the candidates. These 205 candidates receiving vaccination were then interviewed investigating the adverse effects of the vaccine. Post-vaccination side effects were compared among categorical groups using the Chi-Square test, whereas post-vaccination side effects were compared with age using independent samples T-test. A p-value of ≤0.05 was statistically significant. Results: Among post-vaccination side effects, fever was reported by 69 participants, while 56 of 205 reported soreness, redness, and swelling at the injection site. It was reported by 42/205 participants to have felt chills and rigor, whereas gastrointestinal disturbance and flu-like symptoms were reported in 55/205 and 28/205 participants, respectively. Younger participants were more likely to develop gastrointestinal disturbance and flu-like symptoms following vaccination as compared to older participants. Conclusion: Malaise, headache, and fever were observed to be the most common side effects of the vaccine, moreover there was a linear relationship between manifestations of adverse effects and history of comorbidities. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4522 How to cite this:Abbas S, Abbas B, Amir S, Wajahat M. Evaluation of adverse effects with COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4522 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Pemanfaatan Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) Pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Karanganyar Kota Tasikmalaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Dudi Ahmad M ◽  
Sri Mulyanti ◽  
Neni Nuraeni
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nursing Services ◽  
Chi Square Test

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a condition where a person does not have immunity. The disease can be transmitted from pregnant women to the child they are carrying, in an effort to detect early HIV, VCT needs to be done. Karanganyar Community Health Center data in 2017 VCT service coverage for pregnant women in 2017 was less than 26.7%. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the use of VCT in pregnant women. This type of research is quantitative by using descriptive correlation method and cross sectional approach. The population is 70 pregnant women who were obtained by purposive sampling technique. Data obtained by closed questionnaire and data analyzed using frequency distribution and chi square test. The results showed knowledge about VCT examination included less (52.9%), attitudes included negative (55.7%), secondary education (52.9%), most did not work (67.1%), more than half received less support from their husbands (57.1%), and most did not utilize VCT services (72.9%). Factors related to the use of VCT are knowledge (p value 0,000), attitude (p value 0,000), education (p value 0,000) and husband's support (p value 0,000), unrelated factors are work (p value 0.196). The conclusion from this study factors related to the use of VCT are knowledge, attitudes, education and husband's support. Therefore, it is better for health workers, especially nurses, to provide nursing services to pregnant women, especially the use of VCT services as an effort in early detection of HIV in pregnant women. Keywords: Factors, Utilization of VCT Services

scholarly journals Analysis of Differences in Individual Characteristics, Lifestyle, Nutritional Status and Dieting Patterns in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsian History

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Asti Melani Astari ◽  
◽  
Nurul Evi ◽  
Muladefi Choiriyah ◽  
Puji Ariyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Preeclampsia is a multisystem complication that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation. In recent years there has been no significant decrease in the incidence of preeclampsia, even in developed countries it is still the main cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to analyze differences in individual characteristics, lifestyle (physical activity), nutritional status and diet in pregnant women with a history of preeclampsia. This research design is descriptive analytic with cross sectional approach. Samples were obtained from 55 pregnant women with consecutive sampling who met the inclusion criteria. Data analysis used chi-square test and spearman correlation test. The results showed a relationship between physical activity with systolic blood pressure (p value 0.001, r = 0.449) and diastolic (p value 0.43, r = 0.273), there was also a relationship between diet and risk factors for preeclampsia through blood pressure measurements as evidenced by increase in blood pressure (p value 0.000) in pregnant women in the working area of Puskesmas Kedungkandang Malang. The results of this study are expected to be used as a reference in intervening pregnant women at risk of preeclampsia, so that the disease does not develop more severely so that it does not endanger the lives of the mother and the fetus she is carrying

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